Dynamics- Refers to the volume of music.
In Western Music, the musical terms for the varying dynamics are:
Pianissimo- Very Soft
Piano- Soft
Mezzo- Medium
Forte- Loud
Fortissimo- Very Loud
Two varying volumes:
Crescendo- Gradually getting louder
Decrescendo- Gradually getting softer
Expressive Techniques-
Refers to how an instrument is played to create sound.
Below, are families of the orchestra exploring various methods of playing to create a different sound (tone colour).
1. String here
2. Woodwind here
3. Vocal here
4. Brass here