The Second Law of Thermodynamics

What is the Second Law of Thermodynamics?

• 1. Identifies the DIRECTION of processes.

  2. States that energy has a QUALITY as well as a QUANTITY.

  3. Determines DEGREE OF DEGRADATION of energy during a process.

  4. Determines THEORETICAL LIMITS, and predicts DEGREE OF COMPLETION of chemical reaction.

1.1 Heat Engines

        1.2 Question and Worked Solution 

                1.3 Worked Solution

2.1 Refrigerators and Heat pumps

        2.2 Question and Worked Solution

                2.3 Worked Solution

3.1 Reversible and Irreversible Processes

4.1 The Carnot Cycle and Principles

5.1 Thermal Energy Reservoirs

6.1 Quiz

        6.2 Quiz Answers