Useful Equations

The Clausius Relation;

where Q is heat Transferred and T is temperature.

The Fundamental Thermodynamic Relation

Where U is internal energy, T is absolute temperature, S is entropy, P is pressure and V is volume.

Gibbs Free Energy

Entropy Change for Solids and Liquids

Entropy Balance Equations

Entropy change in a system

Entropy change in mass transfer

Entropy change in a closed system