Companies like banks, energy, government, etc. are organized in departments that represent business functions or specialisms.
Construction and installation companies, on the other hand, often work entirely on a project basis.
Employment agencies hardly have a structure. They work with self-employed people and freelancers.
What about a technical industrial company?
They mostly use a mix of departmental layout combined with project work.
Departments that can exist are e.g. architecture, engineering, design, build, assemble. They work together by exchanging information.
I propose a new one: product-oriented teams.
When using a product-oriented organization, you make teams that are responsible for total product development. For product X you make a team, consisting of e.g. one or more architects, designers, engineers, constructors, and if needed a project manager. The team is totally responsible for product X, from idea to construction.
Such a team can work effectively and efficiently, because all specialisms are INTEGRATED. The flow of work and corresponding information may be easier.