Real-world equivalents

Here’s a quick overview of the Hyborian Age cultures and their real-world equivalents, grouped thematically: 

AQUILONIA: Medieval France 

ARGOS: Merchant-ruled Italy 

ASGARD AND VANAHEIM (NORDHEIM): Viking-age Denmark or Norway 

BARACHAN ISLES: The Caribbean Islands, particularly Tortuga 

BORDER KINGDOM: Baltic countries such as Estonia or Latvia 

BOSSONIAN MARCHES: Medieval Wales and/or Scotland 

BRYTHUNIA: Medieval Germany, Poland, or Lithuania 

CIMMERIA: Gaelic Ireland and Scotland 

CORINTHIA: Medieval Greece 

DARFAR, KESHAN, KUSH, PUNT, ZEMBABWEI, AND THE BLACK KINGDOMS: Ancient African kingdoms such as Darfur, Nubia, Kush, Somaliland, Zimbabwe, and others 

HYPERBOREA: Medieval Rus (Russia), particularly Novgorod

HYRKANIA: A cross between Mongolia and Scythia 

IRANISTAN: Caliphate Iran 

KHAURAN: Medieval Syria 

KHITAI: Feudal-era China 

KHORAJA: Constantinople or the land known as Outremer 

KOTH: The Byzantine Empire 

NEMEDIA: The Germanic Holy Roman Empire 

OPHIR: Medieval Sicily or Malta 

PICTISH WILDERNESS: A combination of Scotland and Native American North America 

SHEM: The west is the Iron Age Levant (Canaan) and Assyria, and the east is Arabian

STYGIA: Ancient Egypt

TURAN: Seljuk Turkey

VENDHYA: Mughal India

ZAMORA: Persia, especially Baghdad

ZINGARA: Reconquista-era Spain