STAIR & STREAM

Submersion to Tomb Immunosenescence Amplification Route.

Synchronous Tenacious Rejuvenation Ensemble Against Morbidity.

http://bit.ly/STAIRnSTREAM

Synchronous Tenacious Rejuvenation Ensemble Against Morbidity.

1. Skeletal Strengthening or Sarcopenia Slowing

2. Spanish Supper

3. Solidarity Sociability

4. Stolid sleep.

5. Stress Sublimation

STAIR hypothesis of ageing views Immunosenescence is not a component of senescence but the essence of and synonymous with age associated preventable and non-inevitable deterioration of the cognitive faculties and fitness.

Elevation of pain threshold enhances healthspan as does the strength of the immune makers. Accelerated aging tends to be associated with lower pain threshold and weakened immune markers.

A high-salt diet is not only bad for one's blood pressure, but also for the immune system. Mice fed a high-salt diet were found to suffer from much more severe bacterial infections. Human volunteers who consumed additional six grams of salt per day also showed pronounced immune deficiencies.

Duggal et al published Major features of immunesenescence, including reduced thymic output, are ameliorated by high levels of physical activity in adulthood in Aging Cell. 2018 Apr; 17(2): e12750 2018 Mar 8. http://doi: 10.1111/acel.12750 It is widely accepted that aging is accompanied by remodelling of the immune system including thymic atrophy and increased frequency of senescent T cells, leading to immune compromise. However, physical activity, which influences immunity but declines dramatically with age, is not considered in this literature. We assessed immune profiles in 125 adults (55–79 years) who had maintained a high level of physical activity (cycling) for much of their adult lives, 75 age‐matched older adults and 55 young adults not involved in regular exercise. The frequency of naïve T cells and recent thymic emigrants (RTE) were both higher in cyclists compared with inactive elders, and RTE frequency in cyclists was no different to young adults. Compared with their less active counterparts, the cyclists had significantly higher serum levels of the thymoprotective cytokine IL‐7 and lower IL‐6, which promotes thymic atrophy. Cyclists also showed additional evidence of reduced immunesenescence, namely lower Th17 polarization and higher B regulatory cell frequency than inactive elders. Physical activity did not protect against all aspects of immunesenescence: CD28−ve CD57+ve senescent CD8 T‐cell frequency did not differ between cyclists and inactive elders. We conclude that many features of immunesenescence may be driven by reduced physical activity with age.

Jobin et al published A high-salt diet compromises antibacterial neutrophil responses through hormonal perturbation. in Science Translational Medicine,

Mar 2020;12(536):eaay3850. https://doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aay3850.

DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aay3850

high-salt diet (HSD) tends to suppresses intrarenal neutrophils Nfat5-independently by altering the local microenvironment and systemically by glucocorticoid-mediated immunosuppression. These findings argue against high-salt consumption during bacterial infections.

High-salt diets induced hypetension and immune system likely share pathogenesis. The World Health Organization recommends keeping salt intake under five grams per day. Healthy German volunteers in Germany added six extra grams of salt to their usual daily intake for a week an amount one can ingest by eating two fast-food meals, which increased glucocorticoids levels.

Chronic hypokalemia is associated with higher cardiac morality as also severe hyperkalemia. Potassium levels tend to be negatively correlated with sodium levels. Mice fed low-potassium diet had much stiffer arteries while mice who received potassium enriched diet, showed significantly less stiffness of aorta and distal arterial system.

“One analysis published in the Journal of American College of Cardiology in 2011 included data from 11 studies and 250,000 people,” Dr. Baliga says. “This study reported that an average increase of 1540 mg of dietary potassium per day is linked to a 21 per cent reduced risk of stroke.”