Unit 05 Phases and the Gas Laws

I understand that the Kinetic Molecular Theory helps me to explain the changes that happen to materials around me.

Target 05-01 The student will use the Kinetic Molecular Theory to explain the behaviors and properties of phases and phase changes.

“I can” Statements

05-01 a: Use the Kinetic Molecular Theory to describe the four main phases of matter - solids, liquids, gasses, and plasmas in regards to shape, volume, kinetic motion, and compressibility

05-01 b: Use KMT to explain viscosity, surface tension, and vapor pressure.

Target 05-02  The student will use the Kinetic Molecular Theory to explain how a change in temperature and pressure causes a substance to change from phase to another phase.

“I can” Statements

05-02 a: Use KMT and phase change vocabulary to explain how a change in temperatures and/or pressures cause a substance to change from phase to another phase.

05-02 b: Describe the movement of energy in an exothermic change and an endothermic change.

05-03 c: Use a heating or cooling curve to describe what happens at a molecular level when energy is added or removed from solids, liquids, gasses and plasmas.

05-03 d: Use a phase diagram to predict phase changes with changes in pressure and temperature.     

Target 05-03 The student will use the Gas Laws to predict outcomes when changing the variables of P, V, n, and T. (Boyle’s Law, Charles’ Law, Gay-Lussac’s Law, Avogadro’s Law, Combined Gas Law, Ideal Gas Law)

“I can” Statements

05-03 a: Use the gas laws to predict what happens to the volume of a gas when the temperature, pressure or number of particles are changed.

05-03 b: Calculate the variables of P, V, n, and T using the Gas Laws (Boyle’s Law, Charles’ Law, Gay-Lussac’s Law, Avogadro’s Law, Combined Gas Law, and Ideal Gas Law.)

05-04 c: Apply the concepts of directly proportional and inversely proportional to the behaviors of gasses.

05-04 d: Explain how a scientific constant is used in an equation (PV = nRT).

Targets that are reemphasized:

Target 02-01 The student will explain the difference between scientific models, scientific theories, and scientific laws.

02-01 f: Explain the difference between a scientific theory (Kinetic Molecular Theory) and a scientific law (Gas Laws).

Target 02-02 The student will design and conduct controlled experiments. (Four variables: P, V, n, and T)

Target 02-03 The student will use graphs and math to compare variables that are observed in a lab.

02-03 h: Make and interpret directly proportional and inversely proportional graphs.

Gas Law Graphs (Boyle’s Law and Charles’ Law)

Heating and Cooling Curves

Above and Beyond - Determine the value of k in a gas law.

Above and Beyond - Straighten a curved graph relationship to find slope.

Target 03-01 Collect quantitative and qualitative data with accuracy and precision.

Target 03-02 Use the SI system to express measurements.

Target 04-01 The student will describe the physical and chemical properties and physical and chemical changes matter undergoes.

Interpret phase diagrams

Interpret heating and cooling curves

Use phase change vocabulary to describe physical changes