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Conversion Disorder

(Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder)

Prevalence

Transient conversion symptoms are common, but the precise prevalence of the disorder is unknown.

This is partly because the diagnosis usually requires assessment in secondary care, where it is found in approximately 5% of referrals to neurology clinics.

The incidence of individual persistent conversion symptoms is estimated to be 2-5/100,000 per year.

Risk Factors

Temperamental

Maladaptive personality traits are commonly associated with conversion disorder.

Environmental

There may be a history of childhood abuse and neglect.
Stressful life events are often, but not always, present.

Genetic and physiological

The presence of neurological disease that causes similar symptoms is a risk factor (e.g., non-epileptic seizures are more common in patients who also have epilepsy).

Symptoms

One or more symptoms of altered voluntary motor or sensory function.
Clinical findings provide evidence of incompatibility between the symptom and recognized neurological or medical conditions.
The symptom or deficit is not better explained by another medical or mental disorder.
The symptom or deficit causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning or warrants medical evaluation.

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