Substance/Medication-Induced Sleep Disorder

Risk factors

Temperamental

  • Substance use generally precipitates or accompanies insomnia in vulnerable individuals. Thus, presence of insomnia in response to stress or change in sleep environment or timing can represent a risk for developing substance/medication-induced sleep disorder.

  • A similar risk may be present for individuals with other sleep disorders (e.g., individuals with hypersomnia who use stimulants).

Symptoms

  • A prominent and severe disturbance in sleep.

  • There is evidence from the history, physical examination, or laboratory findings.

  • The symptoms developed during/soon after substance intoxication or after withdrawal from or exposure to a medication.

  • The involved substance/medication is capable of producing the symptoms.

  • The disturbance is not better explained by a sleep disorder that is not substance/ medication-induced.

  • The disturbance does not occur exclusively during the course of a delirium.

  • The disturbance causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.