Single or multiple motor or vocal tics have been present during the illness, but not both motor and vocal.

The tics may wax and wane in frequency but have persisted for more than 1 year since first tic onset.

Onset is before age 18 years.

The disturbance is not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance (e.g., cocaine) or another medical condition (e.g., Huntington’s disease, postviral encephalitis).

Criteria have never been met for Tourette’s disorder.