Research (Methodology)

Methodology: What It Means and Why It Matters

What is Methodology?
Methodology is how you plan to gather and analyze information to answer your research question. It includes your choice of sources (images, texts, interviews, etc.) and your approach to analyzing them.

Key Requirements (Criterion A: Focus and Method)

To score well, your essay must:

• Be clearly connected to the visual arts, including contemporary forms, design, and architecture—not just “fine art.”

• Use a focused research question that leads to investigation, not just a summary or biography.

• Explain why your research matters—what new insight or perspective it brings.

• Use an appropriate mix of primary and secondary sources.

• Show that your method of investigation is well chosen and clearly explained.

• Stay within the scope of a 4,000-word essay.
  
  

Primary vs. Secondary Sources

Common Methods in Visual Arts Essays

• Analyzing artworks (formal elements, technique, symbolism, message)

• Comparing artworks from different artists, cultures, or time periods

• Researching the cultural or historical context of artworks

• Studying audience reception or the artist’s intent

• Using original photography (if visiting artwork in person)

What to Include in Your Essay

In your introduction and early body paragraphs, explain:

• What your research question is

• Why the question matters

• What methods and sources you’re using

• Why these methods are appropriate

• Whether other approaches were considered
  
  

Ask Yourself:

• Is my method clear and specific?

• Do I explain why I chose certain sources or artworks?

• Am I using both visual and written evidence?

• Could I briefly mention other possible approaches and why I didn’t choose them?
  
  

Example Methodology Statement

In order to explore how Frida Kahlo’s chronic pain influenced her self-portraits, I will analyze three key paintings using visual analysis and contextual research. I will examine her use of color, symbolism, and composition alongside biographical sources and scholarly interpretations. I also considered a psychological lens but chose instead to focus on cultural and feminist readings to better connect to the visual arts context.