Heb 2:1 Διὰ τοῦτο, δεῖ περισσοτέρως προσέχειν ἡμᾶς τοῖς ἀκουσθεῖσιν, μή‿ ποτε παραρυῶμεν.
Heb 2:2 εἰ γὰρ ὁ δι’ ἀγγέλων λαληθεὶς λόγος ἐγένετο βέβαιος, καὶ πᾶσα παράβασις καὶ παρακοὴ ἔλαβεν ἔνδικον μισθαποδοσίαν,
Heb 2:3 πῶς ἡμεῖς ἐκφευξόμεθα τηλικαύτης ἀμελήσαντες σωτηρίας, ἥτις ἀρχὴν λαβοῦσα, λαλεῖσθαι διὰ τοῦ Κυρίου, ὑπὸ τῶν ἀκουσάντων, εἰς ἡμᾶς ἐβεβαιώθη,
Heb 2:4 συνεπιμαρτυροῦντος τοῦ Θεοῦ σημείοις τε καὶ τέρασιν, καὶ ποικίλαις δυνάμεσιν, καὶ Πνεύματος Ἁγίου μερισμοῖς, κατὰ τὴν αὐτοῦ θέλησιν.
Heb 2:5 Οὐ γὰρ ἀγγέλοις ὑπέταξεν τὴν οἰκουμένην τὴν μέλλουσαν, περὶ ἧς λαλοῦμεν.
Heb 2:6 διεμαρτύρατο δέ πού τις, λέγων, Τί ἐστιν ἄνθρωπος, ὅτι μιμνῄσκῃ αὐτοῦ, ἢ υἱὸς ἀνθρώπου, ὅτι ἐπισκέπτῃ αὐτόν;
Heb 2:7
ἠλάττωσας αὐτὸν βραχύ τι παρ’ ἀγγέλους· δόξῃ καὶ τιμῇ ἐστεφάνωσας αὐτόν,
Heb 2:8
πάντα ὑπέταξας ὑποκάτω τῶν ποδῶν αὐτοῦ. Ἐν τῷ γὰρ ὑποτάξαι αὐτῷ τὰ πάντα, οὐδὲν ἀφῆκεν αὐτῷ ἀνυπότακτον. νῦν δὲ, οὔπω ὁρῶμεν αὐτῷ τὰ πάντα ὑποτεταγμένα.
τὸν δὲ βραχύ τι παρ’ ἀγγέλους, ἠλαττωμένον, βλέπομεν, Ἰησοῦν, διὰ τὸ πάθημα τοῦ θανάτου, δόξῃ καὶ τιμῇ ἐστεφανωμένον, ὅπως χάριτι Θεοῦ ὑπὲρ παντὸς γεύσηται θανάτου.
but for a little time, the One being made less than the angels, we see, Jesus. On account of suffering of death, being crowned with glory and honor, so that by the grace of God for all he might taste death.
Paraphrase: While we wait for all things to be placed under man's authority, we see Jesus. He is the One who was humbled to a lower station even than the angels. He was brought into a state of suffering and of suffering even to the point of death itself. (Phil 2:5-9) Perhaps you are led to think less of Jesus because He passed through all this suffering and even seemed to lose the battle entirely when He died. Think again, however. Consider that by entering into the experience of death, Jesus took away the wrath of God against our sin (Heb 2:17)and defeated death and robbed him of his power. (Heb 2:14) As a result of this victory, Jesus is now crowned the triumphant King and has unparalleled glory and honor ascribed to Him.
Comments:
The first word τὸν is the article that goes with the participle ἠλαττωμένον.
Ἔπρεπεν γὰρ αὐτῷ, δι’ ὃν τὰ πάντα καὶ δι’ οὗ τὰ πάντα, πολλοὺς υἱοὺς εἰς δόξαν ἀγαγόντα, τὸν ἀρχηγὸν τῆς σωτηρίας αὐτῶν, διὰ παθημάτων τελειῶσαι.
For it is fitting for Him, on account of whom are all things and through whom are all things many sons into glory leading, the author of their salvation to perfect through sufferings.
Paraphrase: Now it makes sense that God the Father had to subject His Son to such terrible suffering, even to death itself. Think about it this way. God had chosen to bring many of His children to His glorious dwelling place. He covenanted with Jesus to execute on this plan. (Luke 22:29) The problem is that Jesus, in and of Himself, could not lead these sons to God's house. Every human person was under God's curse because of their rebellion, and God's justice required a full satisfaction for this sin. There is no way God would allow such rebels to enter His house. Now God resolved this by sending Jesus to suffer in their place, especially to suffer the cruel and shameful death on the cross which God planned long before that Jesus should endure. (Acts 2:23 ) With this propitiation (Heb 2:17) in place, God's justice is satisfied, and God ushers His people into His glorious presence and invites them to be participants in His glorius kingdom. All this happened, only because Jesus was willing to become human and to endure such suffering and death for those sons whom He is leading to glory.
Comments:
ὅ τε γὰρ ἁγιάζων, καὶ οἱ ἁγιαζόμενοι, ἐξ ἑνὸς πάντες· δι’ ἣν αἰτίαν, οὐκ ἐπαισχύνεται ἀδελφοὺς αὐτοὺς καλεῖν,
For the One sanctifying and the ones being sanctified are all from One; on account of which reason, He is not ashamed to call them, brothers.
Paraphrase: Now if Jesus has truly become one of us, then it follows from this that both Jesus and those of us whom Jesus is saving are all children of one Father. Jesus is one of us to such an extent that He is even willing to call us His brothers! Most high dignitaries would consider it a shame and humiliating to be identified with people who are in a lower class than they, but not Jesus. He never hesitated but moved right into our neighborhood with all its filth and dysfunction. (Jn 1:14)
Comments:
The object of καλεῖν is αὐτοὺς and ἀδελφοὺς is an object complement.
λέγων· Ἀπαγγελῶ τὸ ὄνομά σου τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς μου· ἐν μέσῳ ἐκκλησίας ὑμνήσω σε.
saying "I proclaim Your Name to My brothers; in the midst of the church, I will remember You."
Paraphrase: How do we know that Jesus called us His brothers? Let me show you some Scriptures to this effect. First, consider Psalm 22:22 where Jesus tells His Father that He will preach His Name to His brothers. The "brothers" here are those mentioned in the next clause as the church or the assembly. So here is clear proof that Jesus is not ashamed to call us brother.
"I will tell of Your Name to my brethren; In the midst of the assembly I will praise You." (Psalm 22:22)
Comments:
Καὶ πάλιν· Ἐγὼ ἔσομαι πεποιθὼς ἐπ’ αὐτῷ. Καὶ πάλιν· Ἰδοὺ, ἐγὼ καὶ τὰ παιδία ἅ μοι ἔδωκεν ὁ Θεός.
and again, "I will have trusted on Him." and again, "Behold I and the children which to Me God gave."
Paraphrase: Second, consider that the prophet Isaiah said, "...I will even look eagerly for Him." (Is 8:17). Now the "I" here was the prophet Isaiah; but in a higher sense, these are the words of Jesus Himself. In the next verse, the prophet (and again, Jesus) says that it is not only He who looks eagerly for YHWH but all of God's other children as well. They are God's children, but they are Jesus' brothers. (Matt 12:50) Hence, Jesus identifies Himself with the other children of God and shows how they are all together waiting expectantly for the coming of God.
Comments:
Note the periphrastic here; cf BBG 30.15.
Ἐπεὶ οὖν τὰ παιδία κεκοινώνηκεν αἵματος καὶ σαρκός καὶ, αὐτὸς παραπλησίως μετέσχεν τῶν αὐτῶν, ἵνα διὰ τοῦ θανάτου, καταργήσῃ τὸν τὸ κράτος ἔχοντα τοῦ θανάτου, τοῦτ’ ἔστιν, τὸν διάβολον,
Since therefore, the children have partaken of flesh and blood, even He in the same way partook of them, in order that through death He might destroy the one having the power of death, this is the devil.
Paraphrase: Now since all the people God has chosen to lead to glory (Heb 2:10) are human persons, so Jesus had to become a human. He did this for a purpose, and that purpose is to destroy the power of the devil. You might wonder what the power of the devil is.
Comments:
καὶ ἀπαλλάξῃ τούτους ὅσοι φόβῳ θανάτου διὰ παντὸς τοῦ ζῆν, ἔνοχοι ἦσαν δουλείας.
and that He might set free these as many as by fear of death through all of life were held down in bondage.
Paraphrase: This is the devil's power. He uses death to terrify the people of God. In fact, his power is so terrifying that many of God's children live their entire life in bondage to this cruel tyrant. The devil clubs God's people over the head with this fear of death and dying. He tortures them by bringing back to their minds the memory of past sins; he reminds them that no unclean person will ever enter the kingdom of God. (Rev 21:27) Then, he leaves them to draw their own conclusion; i.e. that immediately after they die, they will plunge down into hell's torments and be lost forever. (Matt 25:41; Luke 5:8) Now from this cruel bondage, Jesus sets us free. He entered into death and defeated it; and thus, He plucks that club from the devil's hand and takes away his power. God's children are given a sure promise of eternal life; indeed, that they have already passed out of death and into life. (John 5:24)
Comments:
Gill interprets this fear of death to the Jews who because of their legal dispensation were always anxious about their constant violations of God's law.
Οὐ γὰρ δήπου ἀγγέλων ἐπιλαμβάνεται, ἀλλὰ σπέρματος Ἀβραὰμ ἐπιλαμβάνεται.
For certainly He has not laid hold of angels, but the seed of Abraham he has laid hold of.
Paraphrase: Now we know for sure that Jesus did not endure all this suffering to rescue angels from hell. On the contrary, Jesus rescued those whose nature He assumed. He took on a human nature; and by this, we know that it is humans whom He has come to save. Neither does God exclude you Jewish people, who have descended from Abraham. You may have sinned very grievously against Him, but He still stretches forth His saving hand to you. (Rom 10:21)
Comments:
ἐπιλαμβάνω means to lay hold of but for the purpose of helping or rescue.
ὅθεν ὤφειλεν κατὰ πάντα τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς ὁμοιωθῆναι, ἵνα ἐλεήμων γένηται, καὶ πιστὸς, ἀρχιερεὺς τὰ πρὸς τὸν Θεόν, εἰς τὸ ἱλάσκεσθαι τὰς ἁμαρτίας τοῦ λαοῦ.
Wherefore, He ought to be made like all His brothers in order that He might be merciful and a faithful High Priest in order that he might make a propitiation for the sins of the people.
Paraphrase: In order to do all this for us, He had to become one of us, and this He was willing to do. (Jn 4:34) He endured all this suffering; and because of this, He is now able to be our High Priest and to lead us to God. Our guilt, which called for our condemnation, He took out of the way so that it no longer keeps us from entering our Father's house. (Jn 14:2)
Comments:
The article sometimes acts as a personal pronoun; as on τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς.
ἐν ᾧ γὰρ πέπονθεν αὐτὸς, πειρασθείς, δύναται τοῖς πειραζομένοις βοηθῆσαι.
for in which, He has suffered, being tempted, He is able to help the ones being tempted.
Paraphrase: There is another benefit to be considered from Jesus entering into this suffering. If Jesus really became one of us, if He entered into our flesh and blood, then it is also true that He was tempted just like we are. That is part of our experience as a human, and Jesus passed through it. It may seem strange to us to think of the holy Jesus being tempted to sin, but we know it happened. (Matt 4) We also know and can be sure that He never caved even the least bit to any temptation; but for all that, He was still tempted. Let this be in our mind when we are tempted. Temptations will come to us; but, like our Savior, we do not need to give in to them. We can lean on our Savior, find strength in Him, and thus stand strong in the evil day. He has promised us, "I will never leave you or forsake you." (Heb 13:5)
Comments: