Active voice means the subject is the agent. Passive voice means something other than the subject is the agent. video Take the sentence,
“cat” is the subject, and it is the agent. Therefore, the verb “ate” is in the active voice. In this sentence,
“mouse” is the subject, but it is not the agent. Therefore, the verb “was eaten” is in the passive voice. By "agent" here is meant the person who is doing the action in the verb.
Greek also has active and passive voices; but in addition, has a middle voice which has various meanings (BBG 25.15).
Note: A deponent verb has middle/passive endings but is active in meaning. The way to know for certain if a verb is deponent or not is to check the lexical form. If the lexical form has a middle/passive ending, then it is deponent (BBG 18.11).
In Hebrew, the passive voice is conveyed in the nifal and pual stems.