• Additive techniques: paper-based rapid prototyping, laminated object manufacture
(LOM), stereolithography
• Wasting/subtractive techniques: cutting, machining, turning and abrading
• Shaping techniques: moulding, thermoforming, laminating, casting, knitting, weaving
• Joining techniques: permanent and temporary, fastening, adhering, fusing
• Selecting appropriate manufacturing techniques based on material characteristics (form, melting/softening point), cost, capability, scale of production, desired properties
• Advantages and disadvantages of different techniques
• Design contexts where different manufacturing processes are used
Advancements in 3D printing have resulted in the ability to have a 3D printer at home. Consumers can download plans for products from the internet and print these products themselves.