The Critical Media Literacy Times
Methods of and Resources on Teaching Critical Media Literacy
Hannah Minarick - EFN 299-01, Spring 2023
The Critical Media Literacy Times
Methods of and Resources on Teaching Critical Media Literacy
Hannah Minarick - EFN 299-01, Spring 2023
INTRODUCTION- Oftentimes, surfing the Internet can feel more like fighting the current than riding a wave. It seems that everywhere we click, opinions are being presented as fact, and biased content is being presented as unbiased truth. The recent wave of fear-mongering online coming everywhere from articles posted by news outlets to memes posted by close relatives threatens to knock us off of our Internet surfboards and into a deadly whirlpool of misinformation. In our information-driven world, critical media literacy has never been a more, well, critical skill for students to obtain. As teachers, we have the power to assist students as they navigate the Internet; to give them a life vest they can use to keep their heads above the water. It is our duty as educators to provide students with the tools to spot misinformation and biased content, and to show them how biased content can sway their interpretation of content. Below, I have compiled a "newspaper" on critical media literacy- a list of resources for teachers to use to teach critical media literacy, that is- what it is, how it works, and what students can do to identify misinformation and biased content when it washes up on their timelines. Each "article" title contains a link to a different resource about critical media literacy. Click below to start exploring and learning, and in the process, gain some balance on that Internet surfboard of yours. Happy surfing!
LITERACY TEACHING TOOLKIT- This site provides a bit of background information on media literacy and how to effectively teach it. It also provides a sample class activity on teaching media literacy to students through memes. The goal of the activity is to get students to consider on a deeper and more conscious level what the intentions behind someone posting a meme online may be and to understand that even the seemingly harmless posts they may encounter on social media can contain biases and manipulate information. This class activity is a great resource for teachers to have because it provides a real-world example of how students can identify biases in media. Most, if not all, students in middle/high school today have accounts on at least some social media platforms. By educating students using a medium they are accustomed to encountering on the internet, teachers are able to better communicate media literacy to their students. In my future teaching career, I can utilize an activity such as the one provided in this resource to aid my instruction on media literacy. Using activities like this one, I can better reach my students and give them experience in spotting biased content in a form they are more than likely to encounter on their own.
FACT-CHECKING WEBSITES- Another great resource for teachers and students to utilize in the classroom and beyond are fact-checking websites. These sites take social media posts, articles, and other online postings and verify their truth or falsehood. Teachers could use these sites in the classroom as an exploration activity, and allow students to poke around and see the verifiability (or lack thereof) of information they may have seen online. Some examples of these sites include FactCheck.org, PolitiFact, Snopes, MBFC, and SciCheck from FactCheck.org. Each of these sites focuses on differing aspects of misinformation online, and all of them are useful in teaching critical media literacy as they provide examples of what misleading content can look like online. Another great source related to fact-checking websites is the Interactive Media Bias Chart. This chart from Ad Fontes Media clearly illustrates the biases of popular news sources, including popular podcasts. While this site does not really provide instruction material or pedagogy related to critical media literacy, it is still a fantastic resource to make students aware of while teaching critical media literacy.
CRITICAL MEDIA PROJECT- This site gives a more general overview of critical media literacy as a concept. It talks about how deeply teens today are involved in social media and the Internet, and how important critical media literacy truly is. Critical Media Project specifically talks about critical media literacy in terms of marginalized groups on the Internet. The site has sections representing these groups and lessons created to talk about why they are presented on the Internet in a certain way. For example, the "age" section of the website outlines a lesson on ageism in media and why age is portrayed the way that it is in popular media. There are also similar sections that contain lessons on the common media portrayals of class, disability, gender, LGBTQ+ individuals, race/ethnicity, and religion. Teachers could use this resource to take a more specified look at how content may be manipulated based on the poster's bias or intentions. The specifications of marginalized groups allow teachers to create a more narrow lesson for students on how these groups are respectively represented on social media, and how biases can influence their characterization in different online spaces. In my own teaching career, I can use this project to highlight how biased content can change the interpretation of content online in the context of talking about marginalized communities specifically. I can use this site to exemplify for my students how misinformation about these communities is able to spread so rapidly and easily online.
MEDIASMARTS- This site catalogs various resources for teachers on critical media literacy, including essays on media literacy, as well as educational games and e-Tutorials for both teachers and parents. These resources are helpful in critical media literacy instruction because they provide information on media literacy across multiple forms of media, not just on the Internet. Teachers can use the resources provided on this site in order to better educate themselves on critical media literacy, as well as to assist them in actually teaching critical media literacy to their students. Teachers can use the games provided to make their lesson on critical media literacy more interactive for students, as well as use the articles to learn more from fellow educators on why critical media literacy is necessary to teach. This site also contains a separate section that outlines resources specifically beneficial to teachers. In this section, teachers can find lesson plans and licensed resources to aid them in their instruction. I can use this resource in my teaching career to ensure that I am keeping up with the latest information on this pedagogy, as well as to help explain to students why they should care about media literacy.