It is a commonly held belief that the Individuals with Disabilities Act is flawless. Although it has helped millions of Americans, IDEA fails to alleviate the social or institutional social stigma arising in the wake of labeling students as disabled (O’Laughlin, ii). Laura O’Laughlin’s essay “The least restrictive environment clause of the individuals with disabilities education act and institutional ableism: A critical discourse analysis” discusses that IDEA fails to address ableism which endorses the normalization of marginalizing disabled students (O’Laughlin, iii). The way this manifests in reality is by the emergence of dichotomous language. (O’Laughlin, iii).
After the national adoption of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, children with disabilities have free and appropriate education. With this brings the emergence and acceptance of dichotomous language. It is acceptable to equate general education classrooms to normal or regular classrooms. O’Laughlin explains that “The ongoing use of terms like regular when referring to children without disabilities is problematic and this study demonstrates how IDEA contributes to the ongoing issue of ableism…” (O’Laughlin, 113). On the other hand, special education rooms may be seen as different with different students. These words segregate disabled students and non-disabled students. This may establish an ability hierarchy in the classroom and make students with disabilities feel inferior. An alternative term I have been using since I was younger was called the “resource room”. It is not dichotomous and also explains the purpose of the classroom. It is a positive way to say a classroom with resources for those who need it.
There are plenty of ideas that support going against these stigmas and stereotypes that O’Laughlin includes in her essay. One being that “Policy-makers should, at a minimum, remove any dichotomous language elements from legislation or regulations. The term regular should be removed from any education legislation” (O’Laughlin, 126). Eradicating dichotomous language will decategorize people. It is only humane to address Americans with demeaning terminology and promotes subtle ableism among the legislative level.
It is important to be cognizant of the vocabulary an educator when discussing disabilities because certain terminology it may “…perpetuate negative stereotypes and reinforce a significant and incredibly powerful attitudinal barrier” (Snow). Since educators are becoming more aware of the language they are using, many are implementing and promoting person-first language. Person-first language revolves around the individual rather than the disability. Phrases like "she has autism" or "he uses a wheelchair" rather than "she is autistic" or "he is wheelchair confined".
I personally use person-first and identity-first language interchangeably because person-first language can get wordy, unless a student or parent specifies otherwise. There are many autistic individuals that I know who prefer identity-first language and get upset when person-first language is used. Despite what language is being used, the teacher should look past not only the stigma, but the disability itself and truly see the student for who they are.