While not receiving much credit for their work, women played a crucial role in Jewish resistance efforts.
With the ability to appear innocent and unsuspecting, women became one of the most vital components in supporting Jewish resistance movements during the Holocaust. After all, who would expect a teenage girl to be carrying a bomb under their shirt? From the ages 16 to 25, thousands of women, dubbed "ghetto girls," took part in attacks and smuggling contraband into ghettos.
Food items, such as potatoes or bread, were commonly smuggled due to high rates of starvation and malnutrition within ghettos. Many residents relied on ghetto girls for their next meal. Many weapons used during ghetto uprisings were snuck in by women. Whether it was hiding revolvers in teddy bears or explosives in their underwear, ghetto girls came up with creative ideas to smuggle contraband past Nazi security. However, some of the most useful items smuggled weren't tangible. Since ghettos were so isolated, it was important that ghetto girls reported on information about the outside world, especially to Jewish resistance fighters. These women were also on the front lines, bombing German supply trains and throwing Molotov cocktails, often losing their lives in the process.
One famous ghetto girl, Frumka Plotnicka, made significant contributions in the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising. She smuggled herself back into the Warsaw Ghetto where she ran schools and opened soup kitchens. Plotnicka also played an important role by warning communities about the mass killings that were occurring. After risking her life for the cause countless times, Plotnicka was shot and killed by a German transporting Jews to Auschwitz.
Image of Frumka Plotnicka
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An image of a false identification card used by Vladka Meed--allowed her to smuggle weapons into the Warsaw Ghetto and help Jews escape.
During the war, ghetto girls gave the Jewish people hope during a time of devastation and fear. Many of their efforts not only saved lives, but fueled attacks against Nazi forces. Without these women, attempts at ghetto uprisings would not have been possible. By challenging traditional gender roles, ghetto girls paved the way for discussions concerning human rights and discrimination in the years following the war. The legacy these women left behind can still be seen today.