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Jews walk along a crowded street in the Warsaw ghetto
Jews being forced out of bunkers at gunpoint in the Warsaw Ghetto
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Overcrowded, overworked, and underfed, conditions ghettos were severely inhumane. Thousands upon thousands of Jews would die in ghettos before they would even reach death camps.
Starting in 1941, the Final Solution would lead to the liquidation of ghettos across Nazi-occupied Poland, also known as Operation Reinhardt. This required the forcible removal of Jews in ghettos to extermination camps. Once this news reached inside ghettos, the Jewish population called for revolt. This led to a series of events of what we now know as Ghetto Uprisings.
Ghettos, officially titled “Jewish residential districts,” were closed-off parts of a city used to separate the Jewish population from the rest of the city's residents during WWII. By the end of the war, there had been over 600 ghettos established in Poland. Unless you carried a special work permit, entering and exiting a ghetto was almost impossible. Leaving the ghetto as a Jewish citizen resulted in a death penalty. Along with being heavily guarded, enormous walls and barbed wire were used to enclose the area.
Jews during a deportation of the Warsaw Ghetto
Ghetto Uprisings that took place during WWII emphasized Jewish rebellion and courage in response to absolute annihilation.