System Interactions
Essential Question:
How does the organization of interacting systems provide specific functions for multicellular organisms?
Learning Expectation:
The student is expected to develop and use a model to illustrate the hierarchical organization of interacting systems that provide specific functions within multicellular organisms.
Iowa Core Standards Correlation:
HS-LS1-2. Develop and use a model to illustrate the hierarchical organization of interacting systems that provide specific functions within multicellular organisms.
Disciplinary Core Ideas:
Multicellular organisms have a hierarchical structural organization, in which any one system is made up of numerous parts and is itself a component of the next level.
Systems of specialized cells within organisms help them perform the essential functions of life.
2.1. Life is organized in a hierarchical manner, increasing in complexity from atoms to groups of living organisms.
Objectives:
(a.) Describe the levels of life's organization.
Sources/Links:
Section 1.1
Minds On Biology (MOBs):
MOB 1: Hierarchy of Life
2.2. Cells, tissues, organs and organ systems work together to keep an organism alive and functioning normally.
Objectives:
(b.) Explain why the cell is the building block of life (define cell, identify the structures all cells possess and describe how a cell is able to conduct life's essential functions)
(c.) List list the tenants of the cell theory.
(d.) Identify an unknown cell based on its structures (organelles), presence of a nucleus and function.
(e.) Provide examples of how the structure determines the function of cells, tissues and organs and how damage at the cell level eventually impacts the health of the organism.
(f.) Summarize how and why humans age.
Links/Sources:
Sections 4.1, 4.4-4.5, 28.1, 28.6
(Link) Human Body
(Link) Virtual Microscope
(Link) Inside a Cell
(Link) Real Cell Gallery
(Link) Cell Size and Shape
(Link) Size of Life
2.3. Digestion, transport, excretion and defense against pathogens require the interaction and communication between cells in various organ systems.
Objectives:
(g.) Summarize and model how digestion and excretion require the interaction and communication between cells in the various body systems.
(h.) Explain the importance of the microbiome and how it is integrated with the human digestive and nervous systems.
(i.) Summarize and model how defense against pathogens requires interaction and communication between cells in the various body systems.
Links/Sources:
Sections 34.1, 34.2
(PBS Video) Fever
2.4. Transport of water and minerals requires the interaction and communication between cells in various plant organ systems.
Objectives:
(j.) Explain and model how the root and shoot systems in vascular plants work together to transport water, minerals and sugars within a plant.
(k.) Explain and model how transpiration works and factors that can affect transpiration rates.
Links/Sources:
Lab/Claim: Transpiration Rates
Sections 26.3 - 26.5