How to use a fire extinguisher

There are a lot of life-saving skills that are easy to learn. CPR, the Heimlich maneuver, knowing how to start a fire, and so on. In private or public emergencies like a fire, it’s important to know what to do to escape the danger or mitigate the effects of the fire. According to Capt. Martin Sanders, Ph.D., CSP, responding quickly during an indoor fire can save lives and thousands of dollars’ worth of properties. This is why it’s important to know how to use a fire extinguisher.

First off, make sure your home or office is equipped with a fire extinguisher. And if there is an existing fire extinguisher, make sure it’s not out of date. Its content deteriorates over time so make sure you refill your fire extinguisher even if it’s not being used. Also, fire extinguishers need to be placed in easily accessible areas for quick access during emergencies.

To use a fire extinguisher, think of the word PASS. It stands for Pull, Aim, Squeeze, and Sweep. First, pull on the safety pin. This will break off the tamper seal of the fire extinguisher. It helps to know where the pin is upon purchasing a fire extinguisher.

Next, aim the nozzle or hose of the fire extinguisher at the base of the fire. After aiming, you may now squeeze the handle to release the fire extinguishing agent. Keep in mind that you should not make skin contact with the CO2 that’s being sprayed as it can damage your skin. And as you squeeze the handle, don’t forget to sweep the nozzle or hose from side to side to extinguish more surface area.

According to Capt. Martin Sanders, the goal is to extinguish the fuel source of the fire and keep on spraying until the fire is out. If you deem that the fire is too big for your fire extinguisher, evacuate the premises and call the fire department.

Capt. Martin Sanders, Ph.D., CSP, has more than a decade of service in the field of epidemiology and occupational safety and health, with extensive experience in biological defense activities and infectious disease outbreak investigation. Check out this page for more on Capt. Sanders.

Disclaimer: This site was prepared by Martin Sanders in his personal capacity. The opinions expressed are the author's own and do not reflect the views of the USPHS, the Department of Health and Human Services, or the United States government.