PIDE L15C

BoxPlot

This lecture deals with graphical descriptions of data and data summaries. The main concept introduced is the boxplot. However, many other ways of graphing data are also discussed. We also discuss the concept of skewness, and how to detect it -- skewness is not a property of normal data, and when it exists then normal summary statistics (Mean and SD) are not very useful as data descriptions.

وَالسَّمَاء رَفَعَهَا وَوَضَعَ الْمِيزَانَ (55:7

55:7 (Y. Ali) And the Firmament has He raised high, and He has set up the Balance (of Justice),

The standards of justice required of human beings by Islam are extremely high. Muslims are required to bear witness, even if it is against their own self-interest:

Q4:135 O ye who believe! stand out firmly for justice, as witnesses to Allah, even as against yourselves, or your parents, or your kin, and whether it be (against) rich or poor: for Allah can best protect both. Follow not the lusts (of your hearts), lest ye swerve, and if ye distort (justice) or decline to do justice, verily Allah is well- acquainted with all that ye do.

1. Watch lecture slides with audio: Download powerpoint presentation with audio.

2. Read transcript of lecture and chapter notes.