The macrolides were first discovered in the 1950s, when scientists isolated erythromycin from the soil bacterium Streptomyces erythraeus. In the 1970s and 1980s synthetic derivatives of erythromycin, including clarithromycin and azithromycin, were developed.
Mechanism of action
Mechanism of ActionMacrolies inhibit bacterial protein synthesis. The mechanism of action of macrolides revolves around their ability to bind the bacterial 50S ribosomal subunit causing the cessation of bacterial protein synthesis.
Macrolides are a class of drugs used to manage and treat various bacterial infections. Azithromycin, clarithromycin, and erythromycin are commonly used to treat infections like pneumonia, sinusitis, pharyngitis, and tonsillitis. They are also used in uncomplicated skin infections and otitis media in pediatric patients.