Behavioral psychology indicates that internal language is a key to self-control. The Prosocial Skills Program includes a five-step system that provides language to help students control impulses and make constructive choices. Initially, this language is externally impressed by teachers and visual icons. Through modeling, rehearsing, and application, this language is internalized by students and used to exercise self-control and social responsibility. The following is a list of the five steps and the rationale for each.
Teachers say, “stop and think” to students behaving inappropriately. This message interrupts negative and impulsive behaviors. This prompt also aids self-control as students internalize and apply it themselves. For teachers, “stop and think” is a calm, rational, consistent response to challenging behaviors. It serves as an alternative to emotional responses such as yelling or being drawn into arguments with students.
Teachers ask, “Are you going to make a good choice or a bad choice?” This question places responsibility for decisions squarely upon students. Power struggles and win or lose situations that are generated by student defiance are defused. It is made clear that consequences are derived from choices made by students.
Implementation of this part of the sequence varies according to need. Some students are helped to explore alternative choices. In other cases, students with social skill deficits are taught specific steps of social skills essential for school and interpersonal success. These steps are concrete and specific. For example, steps for listening are: 1. Feet on the floor. 2. Bottom on the chair. 3. Hands folded. 4. Eyes on the speaker. 5. Mind engaged. After the skill of listening has been taught, teachers find that even young children can gain their classmates’ attention with directions such as “Give me five.” (for the five steps of listening) or “I need listening.”
Teachers say, “Just do it!” This message is intended to activate students and eliminate excessive verbiage regarding events and behavioral expectations. (Dr. George Batsche, originator of the five-step sequence, reports that he coined this slogan before Nike.)
This step is used for self-monitoring and self-evaluation. Students reflect upon the results of their choices and consider alternatives when needed.
In addition to this five-step sequence for addressing challenging student behaviors, the Prosocial Skills Program offers a problem-solving system that is adaptable to diverse student populations and applicable at classroom or building levels.
Based on the work of Dr. George Batsche; Adapted by Jerry McMullen, Ph.D.