accept personal responsibility, seeing themselves as the primary cause of their outcomes and experiences.

discover self-motivation, finding purpose in their lives by pursuing personally meaningful goals and dreams.

master self-management, consistently planning and taking purposeful actions in pursuit of their goals and dreams.

employ interdependence, building mutually supportive relationships that help them achieve their goals and dreams (while helping others do the same).

see themselves as victims, believing that what happens to them is determined primarily by external forces such as fate, luck, and powerful others.

have difficulty sustaining motivation, often feeling depressed, frustrated, and/or resentful about a lack of direction in their lives.

seldom identify specific actions needed to accomplish a desired outcome and, when they do, tend to procrastinate.

are stubbornly independent, seldom requesting, even rejecting, offers of assistance from those who could help, and failing to build effective and supportive relationships with others.