Learning Objectives

Upon successful completion you should be able to:

• Define the term “monotheism” in relation to the Old Testament

• Identify the various meanings of the word elohim in Old Testament usage

• Explain how Jewish monotheism does not contradict belief in a Godhead

• List three non-canonical Jewish writings that demonstrate belief in a Godhead

• Evaluate and refute objections to the deity of Jesus Christ made by Judaism and Jehovah’s Witnesses

Course Outline

Introduction

• Introducing the Speaker and Coruse

Unit 1: How Do I Respond to a Jewish Objection to the Christian Trinity?

• The Core Beliefs of Judaism

• Accessing and Using Hebrew Dictionaries

• The First Problem with Understanding Monotheism

• Comparing English Translations with the Text Comparison Tool

• The Second Problem with Understanding Monotheism

• Searching English Bibles for the Words of Christ

• Understanding Elohimand the Implications for the Godhead

Unit 2: What Is Yahweh’s Council?

• The Divine Council in Psalm 82

• The Role of the Divine Council

• Using the NET Bible Notes to Find Manuscript Differences

Unit 3: Doesn’t the Old Testament Deny the Existence of Other Gods?

• No God Besides Yahweh

• Searching for Different Forms of a Phrase from Isaiah 47:8

• The Logic of Idolatry in the Ancient World

• Idols in Psalm 115

• Idols in 1 Corinthians 8

• “Elemental Spirits” in Galatians 4

• Using the BDAG Greek Lexicon to Determine a Word’s Meaning

Unit 4: Aren’t the Host of Heaven Just Celestial Objects Rather Than Actual Beings?

• The “Host of Heaven” in the Old Testament

• Summary of Divine Plurality in the Old Testament

Unit 5: What Other Being Was Identified with Yahweh?

• The Godhead in Ancient Judaism

• The Biblical Evidence for Two Powers in Heaven

• The Second Yahweh of the Old Testament

• Yahweh and the Angel of Yahweh

• Yahweh and “The Word”

• Yahweh and the “Cloud Rider”

Unit 6: Did Jews Really Believe in Two Powers?

• The Jewish Belief in a Second Yahweh Figure

• Jewish Interpretations of the Second Power: Exalted Humans

• Jewish Interpretations of the Second Power: Important Angels

• Finding and Understanding Early Jewish Writings

• Jewish Interpretations of the Second Power: The Logos

Unit 7: How Did the New Testament Writers Understand the Second Yahweh Figure?

• The Second Yahweh and “The Word”

• The Second Yahweh and “The Angel”

• The Second Yahweh and “The Name”

• Finding where “The Name” Refers to God

• The Second Yahweh and the “Rider on the Clouds”

• Jesus as the Second Yahweh

Unit 8: How Does the Language of Divine Plurality Relate to Jesus as God’s “Only Begotten” Son?

• Jesus as God’s “Only Begotten” Son

• Understanding the Greek Term Monogenēs

• Using the Bible Word Study to Explore the Meaning of Monogenēs

Unit 9: How Did New Testament Writers Express Belief that Jesus Was Unique among the Sons of God?

• Review of Divine Plurality in Psalm 82

• Jesus’ Quotation of Psalm 82:6 in John 10:34

• Interpreting Psalm 82:6 in John 10:34 (Part One)

• Interpreting Psalm 82:6 in John 10:34 (Part Two)

• Creating Collections of Commentaries to Study Psalm 82

• Understanding Jesus’ Use of Psalm 82:6 in John 10:34

Unit 10: Can Seeds of a Christian Trinity Be Found in the Old Testament?

• Seeds of a Christian Trinity in Isaiah 63 and Psalm 78

• Seeds of a Christian Trinity in Ezekiel 8

• New Testament Use of Old Testament Godhead Language

• Summary of Old Testament Godhead Language

Unit 11: How Does an Old Testament Godhead Address the Claims of other Religions?

• The Old Testament Godhead and Jehovah’s Witnesses

• The Old Testament Godhead and Mormonism

• The Old Testament Godhead and Academic Skepticism

• The Old Testament Godhead and Jewish Evangelism

Conclusion

• Summary of the Course

Details

• Title: OT291 The Jewish Trinity: How the Old Testament Reveals the Christian Godhead

• Instructor: Michael S. Heiser

• Publisher: Lexham Press

• Publication Date: 2014

• Product Type: Logos Mobile Education

• Resource Type: Courseware, including transcripts, audio, and video resources

• Courses: 1

• Video Hours: 4