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SS8H4 Explain significant factors that affected westward expansion in Georgia between 1789 and 1840.
SS8H4 Explain significant factors that affected westward expansion in Georgia between 1789 and 1840.
e. Analyze how key people (John Ross, John Marshall, and Andrew Jackson) and events (Dahlonega Gold Rush and Worcester v. Georgia) led to the removal of the Cherokees from Georgia known as the Trail of Tears
H4e - Removal of Cherokees
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H4e-Cherokee Removal.mp4Key Events in Georgia History between 1789 and 1840
Key Events in Georgia History between 1789 and 1840
Dahlonega Gold Rush
The rumor is this dude Benjamin Parks kicked a stone while out hunting and this stone turned out to be GOLD!!
That stone turned into the 1st gold rush in our country. It happened right here in Georgia, Dahlonega to be exact. Thousands of people came to Georgia in search of gold, which just so happened to be on Cherokee land. The gold miners demanded that the Cherokees be removed. In 1838, the U.S. Army removed the Cherokees, starting the Trail of Tears.
Gold was plentiful for years after the Cherokees were removed, even so plentiful that the U.S. created a mint in Dahlonega. After time, gold was difficult to mine then the San Fransisco gold rush started and many people moved to find gold there.
Worcester v. Georgia
In Worcester vs Georgia, the Supreme Court ruled that the Cherokee Nation was on it own, essentially saying they didn't have to follow the rules and laws of the United States of America.
Samuel Worcester was a missionary who lived and worked with the Cherokees, without Georgia's permission. He was arrested and sent to Milledgeville prison. The Cherokee Nation hired lawyers to represent the missionary. Chief Justice John Marshall and the Supreme Court ruled in the Cherokee's favor.
President Andrew Jackson was not willing to enforce the Supreme Courts decision and Georgia kept the missionaries in prison. In 1833, after much criticism, Governor Wilson Lumpkin pardoned the missionaries.
In 1835, a small group of Cherokees signed a treaty allowing removal of the Cherokees, which started the Trail of Tears.
Key People in Georgia History between 1789 and 1840
Key People in Georgia History between 1789 and 1840
John Ross
Principal Chief of the Cherokees who argued for the Cherokees in the case of Worcester vs Georgia.
Ross was of mixed descent where he knew both the Cherokee ways and the English way. He fought hard to keep the Cherokees in their lands. He trusted the U.S. Government. This proved to be bad. While on the trek for the Trail of Tears, he beloved wife died of exposure.
John Marshall
Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court. John Marshall fought for the Cherokee tribe to keep their land.
Andrew Jackson
President Andrew Jackson was not willing to enforce the Supreme Court decision. Some say he was extremely prejudice to the Native Americans, others say that he was scared of the Native American siding with the British again. Some say it was a way to settle the Southern state after the Nullification crisis.
Trail of Tears
Trail of Tears
President Martin Van Buren ordered the U.S. Army to forcefully remove the Cherokee from Georgia, after several petitions and court cases. They forced the Cherokees out of the their land and to Oklahoma. This march is called the Trail of Tears due to the fact that many Cherokees died from exposure and diseases.
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