H1a - American Indians in Georgia

SS8H1 Evaluate the impact of European exploration and settlement on American Indians in Georgia.

a. Describe the characteristics of American Indians living in Georgia at the time of European contact; to include culture, food, weapons/tools, and shelter.

H1a - Episode

Watch the video session and fill in your digital interactive notebook

2. H1a-Episode

Paleo

The Paleo Indians were known to live about 12,000 years ago. They were a nomadic tribe that roamed the earth in search of food. The food they typical went after was large game, such as bison and wooly mammoths. They also went after small game, like turkey and deer. Some berries were also gathered by the Paleos.

Seeing as they were nomadic and moved in search of food, their homes were typically made of items like skins, which were easy to move with them. Also, small band or groups made it easy to move around the lands.

Clovis Point

The weapon of choice for the Paleo Indians was the Clovis point. Paleo Indians used tools that were made of stone.

Paleo Indians in search of food.

Archaic

The Archaic lived between 8,000 - 10,000. years ago. They were a bit more permanent than the Paleo tribe. The semi permanent status was due to the fact they were the 1st fishermen. They hunted small game like white tailed deer, black cear, and turkey. They also collected nuts and berries and root.

The weapon of choice for the Archaic Indians was the Atlatl, a spear throwing device.

Homes were more permanent, usually a shallow oval pit or large rectangle with sticks and twigs covered in mud.

Archaic Indians were the 1st tribe to fish.

Pottery from clay, stored food helped the Archaic Indians stay in areas for longer periods of time.

Atlatl was the weapon that the Archaic Indians used. As you see, it is a spear throwing device.

Woodland

The Woodland Indians lived about 3,000 years ago. Due to the fact they were the 1st farmers. They did small scale farming, enough to allow them to stay in one place for extended periods of time.

Houses were made out of leaves and bark.

One significant factor was the the Woodland indians had religious beliefs. We know this because of the earthen mounds they formed.

The Woodland Indians were the 1st to use a bow and arrow.

The Nacoochee Mound - one of the earthen mounds.

Woodland homes

Chiefdom and the Mississippian Villages.

Mississippian

The Mississippian Indians are the most advanced of the 4 tribes. They lived about 800 to 1600 years ago. Over time, the Mississippian Indians split into the Creeks and the Cherokees .

The weapons they used were all the clovis point, atlatl, bow and arrow and even blow guns.

The tools they used were spears, traps, hooks, axes, arrowheads and knives.

For food, they hunted and fished. They also did a larger scale farming. The farming allowed the Mississippian Indians to stay in one area.

The homes were a bit different. The Cherokee summer homes were long, rectangle houses with clay walls. For winter, they had small round houses. The Creeks had rectangular walls. In the winter, they had walls made of clay and moss.

Some unique facts about the Mississippian is they had a government, a chiefdom. They had a hierarchy with in the tribe. They also were the first to encounter the Europeans. Hernando DeSoto encountered the Mississippian Indians during his trek though the interior of Georgia.

So as your find nomadic Paleo artifacts all over Georgia and the U.S.A. We find Mississippian artifacts all over. We find Mississippian artifacts all over because the Misssissippians traded.

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