Cubozoans, commonly known as box jellyfish, are a group of exclusively marine cnidarians that have a distinct cube-shaped bell and a dominant medusa stage. Unlike scyphozoans, cubozoans are very strong swimmers and have a well-developed nervous system, allowing for complex movements. Their radial symmetry is typically in multiples of four, with a tentacle extending from each of the four corners, lined with cnidocytes containing nematocysts used to capture small fish and crustaceans. Cubozoans also have rhopalia, at each corner of their bell, containing statocysts and eyes that are capable of making out images. Their gastrovascular cavity has radial canals that distribute nutrients throughout their body, and the mouth is located on the underside of the bell. Their mesoglea provides them with buoyancy, and muscular contractions of the bell allow them swim quickly in any given direction.
Small, mostly transparent, and cube-shaped medusa
radial symmetry
Contain at least 4 tentacles
Thick and gelatinous mesoglea
Well-developed nervous system
Tentacles have cnidocytes that contain nematocysts
Some of the most dangerous marine animals, they are venomous and their stings can be fatal
Rhopalia
Statocysts
balance
Complex eyes
Gastrovascular cavity with radial canals
Strong swimmers
Asexual reproduction
Budding
produces additional polyps that eventually undergo metamorphasis
Sexual Reproduction
Separate male and female medusa
Fertilization can be internal or external
Develops into a planula larva and settles, forming a small polyp
Metamorphosis occurs, and the polyp becomes a single medusa
Primarily tropical/subtropical waters
Typically found in shallow coastal waters, estuaries, and mangroves