Being at the bottom i feel as though "Goals" is greatly overlooked. However, in my opinion this is really where everything begins. Before the inputs, processes and outputs, there is a goal in mind. In creating a product there is first a need that the creator is trying to fill, the desire to fulfill that need is what i would define as the goal. The utility of the end product (or desired output) is the goal.

The term "mentafacturing" was later discussed in "Ch 2 -Manufacturing Systems" in and i felt it greatly represents the Goals or "Making in the human mind"

Originally i had not considered the role of "Managerial Technology" in the overall manufacturing process. This is to me an example of one of the many stages that are overlooked or skimmed over when thinking of manufacturing.