Abraham, Diana, and Doreen Weston. 2004. "Does the Absence of Public Policy Compromise the Professionalisation of Community Interpreting? Case Study and Analysis." Professionalisation of interpreting in the community, International Conference Critical Link 4, Stockholm, Sweden, May 20 –23, 2004.

internal-pdf://3829176300/Abraham-2004-Does the Absence of Public Policy.pdf

Abril Martí, María Isabel. 2006. "La interpretación en los servicios públicos: Caracterización como género, contextualización y modelos de formación. Hacia unas bases para el diseño curricular." [Public Service Interpreting: Genre features, contextual background, and training models. Towards a basis for course design] PhD dissertation, Departamento de Traducción e Interpretación, Universidad de Granada. http://hera.ugr.es/tesisugr/16235320.pdf.

internal-pdf://0719884781/Abril Martí-2006-La Interpretación en los Serv.pdf.

Adams, Heather, and Paula Alonso Rodríguez. 2019. "Linguistic and interpreting needs of security forces in Gran Canaria: a preliminary study." Revista de Llengua i Dret 71: 10.2436/rld.i71.2019.3299 . https://doi.org/10.2436/rld.i71.2019.3299 .

ABSTRACT: This article investigates the interpreting needs of Spanish security personnel, their perceptions of their interactions with non-Spanish speakers, and considerations regarding the role of interpreters in their work for the various security forces in Spain. The contextual framework summarises the responsibilities of the Spanish security forces, examines the area of law enforcement as a public service sector in which interpreting is required, and explores legal issues in this field. An indication of the number of potential users of interpreting services in the security forces in the specific region studied (the Canary Islands) is followed by a description of the methodology used. We then present the results of our study, which was conducted by means of a questionnaire, drawn up and administered by the authors, on how members of the Civil Guard and the Spanish National and local police forces perceive their language and interpreting needs, as well as their experiences in these fields. As part of this preliminary study, survey respondents were encouraged to share difficulties they had encountered in relation to language mediation, thereby enabling the authors to present an overview of the interlinguistic and intercultural communication difficulties that need to be overcome in these services, as well as service professionals’ impressions of the reality of working with interpreters.

internal-pdf://2426206084/Adams-2019-Linguistic and interpreting needs o.pdf.

Aguilar-Solano, María. 2015. "Non-professional volunteer interpreting as an institutionalized practice in healthcare: A study on interpreters' personal narratives." Translation & Interpreting: The International Journal of Translation and Interpreting Research 17 (3): 132-148.

ABSTRACT: This article discusses the process of institutionalization of a migrant- oriented NGO where volunteers work as non-professional interpreters and where this had led to the integration of volunteer interpreting services in two hospitals in the Costa del Sol region in southern Spain. It explores the processes of socialization of volunteers and institutionalization of interpreters, leading to the development of an official NGO, drawing on the personal narratives of volunteers collected through focus groups and participant observation. The article begins by looking at the early stages of socialization of volunteers, through which they internalize the field structures and a series of dispositions shaped by empathy and compassion, resulting in volunteers adopting different positions available to them such as interpreters, caretakers and patient advocates. After the initial process of socialization, a process of institutionalization was requested by the regional government for the official establishment of the NGO. Drawing up the constitution of the now official NGO entailed the bureaucratization of the volunteers’ position as interpreters, which provided them with a series of assets and the legitimization of their activity as institutional agents. This study demonstrates how in this particular case volunteer non-professional interpreting became essential for the institutions in which the services are provided. The volunteer interpreters of this NGO are now legitimate institutional agents with a strong degree of professional autonomy that allows them to adopt a series of positions that belong to the domain of intercultural mediators and cultural brokers.

internal-pdf://3829175757/Aguilar-Solano-2015-Non-professional voluntee1.pdf.

Aguilar-Solano, Maria. 2020. "Triangulation and Trustworthiness —Advancing Research on Public Service Interpreting through Qualitative Case Study Methodologies." FITISPos International Journal 7: 31-52.

ABSTRACT: This paper discusses a research methods approach to investigate phenomena in interpreting studies based on a triangulation of qualitative methods. It discusses the concept of triangulation, as developed in the social sciences by Campbell and Fiske (1959), with an emphasis on the process of combining and integrating multiple methods. It reviews previous applications of triangulation in translation and interpreting studies and describes the advantages of systematic triangulation for empirical research. The implications of this approach for future research in public service interpreting concerning the trustworthiness of the interpretative nature of qualitative inquiry are also discussed. To demonstrate the practical application of triangulation in public service interpreting settings, this paper draws on a case study conducted by the author where triangulation of participant observation, focus groups and audio-recorded interaction was employed. The integration of the different research methods utilized, as well as the findings derived by triangulation, are illustrated through examples from this study.

internal-pdf://0719884553/Aguilar Solano-2020-Triangulation and Trustwor.pdf.

Aguilar-Solano, María Ascensión. 2012. "Positioning of volunteer interpreters in the field of public service interpreting in Spanish hospitals: a Bourdieusian perspective." PhD, Centre for Translation and Intercultural Studies, University of Manchester.

internal-pdf://1365180533/Aguilar Solano-2012-Positioning of volunteer i.pdf.

Al-Salman, Saleh M. 2016. "The cross-cultural dimension of public service translation/interpreting among minority/immigrant groups." Asia Pacific Translation and Intercultural Studies 3 (1): 22-32. https://doi.org/10.1080/23306343.2016.1151400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23306343.2016.1151400.

ABSTRACT: Multicultural societies embrace a wide array of language and cultural diversity. An important source of such pluralism is immigrant/minority groups. In this context, speakers of less-established languages face challenges and find it difficult to assimilate and integrate. The proposed study shows how translation/interpreting services require optimum collaboration and interaction in the fields of translation and intercultural studies, leading to coexistence and harmony in multilingual and multicultural societies. Taking the Arabic-speaking immigrant groups in Europe and North America as a case in point, the present study investigates the role of translation/interpreting services in bringing such groups into the sociocultural norms of the larger community (inclusion) or else resulting in a state of exclusion. To maximize the value, translation and interpreting services should be professionalized, and practitioners should be subjected to robust certification and accreditation criteria, supported by intensive training programs. Three methods of data collection were used: social media applications, a questionnaire, and protocols of face-to-face interviews. The preliminary findings draw a thin line between the role of translation/interpreting as a tool of ?inclusion? or ?exclusion? of immigrant groups in the indigenous societies. After all, the outcome depends on the linguistic and cultural literacy of both translators/interpreters and minority groups.

internal-pdf://2426206213/Al-Salman-2016-The cross-cultural dimension of.pdf

internal-pdf://1734574920/Al-Salman-2016-The cross-cultural dimension o2.pdf.

Albarrán Martín, Reyes. 2018. "Translation and culture in medical settings and institutions." In The Routledge Handbook of Translation and Culture, edited by Sue-Ann Harding and Ovidi Carbonell Cortés. London: Routledge.

internal-pdf://2442185663/Albarrán Marti-2018-Translation and culture i.pdf

Alcalde Peñalver, Elena, and Antonio Luis Díaz García. 2011. "Formación de traductores e intérpretes basada en nuevas tecnologías: nuevos usos de la plataforma virtual SWAD." In Traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos en un mundo interconectado = Public service interpreting and translation in the wild wired world [Recurso electrónico]: TISP en Internet = PSIT in WWW, 147-154. Alcalá de Henares: Universidad de Alcalá, Servicio de Publicaciones, D.L.2011.

Alonso Araguás, Icíar. 2006. "Nuevos desafíos y viejos problemas: algunos antecedentes históricos de la mediación lingüística y la interculturalidad en la España contemporánea." Revista española de lingüística aplicada Extra 1: 15-28.

internal-pdf://1976809800/Alonso Araguás-2006-Nuevos desafíos y viejos p.pdf.

Angelelli, Claudia. 2000. "Interpretation as a Communicative Event: A Look through Hymes' Lenses." Meta: Journal des traducteurs 45 (4): 580-592. https://doi.org/10.7202/001891ar.

ABSTRACT: In the last ten years, more researchers and practitioners have turned their attention to community interpreting. Issues of similarities and differences with other forms of interpreting, as well as recognition and prestige, have arisen. It is often the case that the standards of conference interpreting are blindly transferred to other forms of interpreting both for measurement and educational purposes. This blind transfer does not allow a full understanding of the complexities involved in community interpreting. Hymes’ taxonomy of speaking is used to compare and analyze two interpreting events, one occurring in a community setting and the other in a conference one. The analysis suggests that there are more differences than similarities between the two settings. The differences point to a complex form of social interaction which needs attention in its own right.

internal-pdf://4291724376/Angelelli-2000-Interpretation as a Communicati.pdf.

Angelelli, Claudia. 2007. "The California Standards for Healthcare Interpreters

Ethical principles, protocols and guidance on roles and intervention." In The Critical Link 4: Professionalisation of interpreting in the community. Selected papers from the 4th International Conference on Interpreting in Legal, Health and Social Service Settings, Stockholm, Sweden, 20-23 May 2004 edited by Cecilia Wadensjö, Birgitta Englund Dimitrova and Anna-Lena Nilsson. Amsterdam, Philadelphia: John Benjamins.

ABSTRACT: This paper presents a case for the re-enactment of power relations when macrosocial, organizational structure influences interpersonal communication. A microsocial effect of the professionalization of community interpreting (ASL/ English) is examined through two cultural discourses about the interpreter’s role and a theoretical application of Goffman’s notion of footing. Management of the communication process by interpreters has become a deeply meaningful and potent site of cultural struggle because of an institutional structuring of professional ambiguity regarding impartiality. This ambiguity has produced conditions under which evaluating the interpreter’s performance of role becomes a microsocial necessity – a site for the exercise of individual and cultural agency.

internal-pdf://0719885291/Angelelli-2007-The California Standards for He.pdf

Arumí Ribas, Marta. 2018. "La interpretación dialógica como práctica estratégica. Análisis de la toma de decisiones de cinco intérpretes en los Servicios Públicos." Meta 63 (1): 118-138. https://doi.org/10.7202/1050517ar.

ABSTRACT: This article examines the strategic behaviour of the Chinese-Spanish public services interpreter-mediator in the socio-educational setting when faced with various types of problems (lexical, cultural, pragmatic, arising from the management of the conversation, and ethical and professional issues). The data were obtained from fifteen filmed simulations which recreated situations that frequently arise in interpreting in the socio-educational field. The data were supplemented by an initial questionnaire and a retrospective interview for the five participants in the study.

The descriptive analysis shows an initial classification of the strategic resources used by the interpreters. Faced with an outstanding use of active mediation strategies and a less frequent use of interpreting techniques, the author argues that it is important to define the difference between intercultural mediation and interpreting in contexts such as this one, to ensure the parties’ transparency and autonomy. Moreover, she highlights the importance of consciously training future interpreters on the importance of taking strategic decisions when problem-solving.

internal-pdf://1708302551/Arumí Ribas-2018-La interpretación dialógica c.pdf.

Arumí Ribas, Marta, and Mireia Vargas-Urpi. 2017. "Strategies in public service interpreting. A roleplay study of Chinese–Spanish/Catalan interactions." Interpreting 19 (1): 118-141. https://doi.org/10.1075/intp.19.1.06aru.

ABSTRACT: Strategies have been far more widely researched in conference interpreting than in the interactional setting of public service interpreting (PSI), although studies of the latter by Wadensjö and other authors suggest a strategic rationale for cer- tain types of rendition (especially non-renditions). The present article describes an exploratory, qualitative study, based on roleplay, to identify strategies in PSI: the roleplays were designed to incorporate a variety of ‘rich points’, coinciding with peak demands on the interpreter’s problem-solving capacities and therefore particularly relevant to empirical study of interpreting strategies. Five interpreter-mediators with the Chinese–Spanish/Catalan language combination were each asked to interpret three different dialogues, in which the primary partici- pants’ input was a re-enactment of real situations. Analysis of the transcribed video recordings was complemented by a preliminary questionnaire and by ret- rospective interviews with the interpreters. Their strategies, classified according to whether the problems concerned were essentially linguistic or involved the dynamics of interaction, in some cases reflect priorities typically associated with intercultural mediation. The advantages and limitations of using ‘rich points’ and roleplays in the study of interpreting strategies are briefly discussed

internal-pdf://0719884803/Arumí Ribas-2017-Strategies in public service.pdf.

Bahadır, Şebnem. 2001. "The Empowerment of the Community Interpreter: The Right to Speak With a Voice of One’s Own." Critical Link 3.

internal-pdf://1244316436/Bahadır-2001-The Empowerment of the Community.pdf

Baigorri Jalón, Jesús, Icíar Alonso Araguás, Raquel Canas Remesal, Concepción Otero Moreno, and Mariachiara Russo. 2006. "Notas sobre la interpretación en los servicios públicos de salud en Castilla y León." Revista española de lingüística aplicada Extra 1: 175-186.

internal-pdf://1477949597/Baigorri Jalón-2006-Notas sobre la interpretac.pdf.

Bancroft, Marjory. 2015. "Community interpreting. A profession rooted in social justice." In The Routledge Handbook of Interpreting, edited by Holly Mikkelson and Renee Jourdenais, 217-235. London and New York: Routledge.

internal-pdf://3991477016/Bancroft-2015-Community interpreting. A profes.pdf

Bancroft, Marjory, Lola Bendana, Jean Bruggeman, and Lois Feuerle. 2013. "Interpreting in the Gray Zone: Where Community and Legal Interpreting Intersect." Translation & Interpreting: The International Journal of Translation and Interpreting Research 5 (1): 94-113. https://doi.org/10.12807/ti.105201.2013.a05.

ABSTRACT: Interpreting in legal settings outside the courtroom is an area where community and legal interpreting intersect, a “gray zone” where the rules from each of these areas may mesh or collide. Thus legal interpreting outside the courtroom is an area that has caused great confusion for both the legal interpreters and the community interpreters who practice in its confines. Two neighboring countries, the United States and Canada, have adopted different approaches to interpreting in this area and to the kind of certification necessary for those community interpreters who work in legal settings. This article discusses non-courtroom legal interpreting in the broadest sense in both the United States and Canada, overviewing spoken non-courtroom legal interpreting in both countries, addressing the various challenges involved, and summarizing the emerging best practices for legal interpreting outside the courtroom, including some current and developing certification programs that affect, or may affect, non-courtroom legal interpreting.

internal-pdf://0719885377/Bancroft-2013-Interpreting in the Gray Zone_ W.pdf.

Baraldi, Claudio. 2015. "Dialogue interpreting in an Italian immigrant support center: Mediating constructions of social conditions." The Interpreters’ Newsletter 20: 57-72.

ABSTRACT: This paper is about interpreter-mediated interactions in an Italian Support Centre as- sisting immigrants who need to comply with complicated bureaucratic procedures to ob- tain permits and apply for jobs. The paper analyses sequences including the social work- er’s questions about the reason for the visit or the immigrant’s problem, the mediator’s translations and the immigrant’s answers. Although the mediator pursues immediate translations of the immigrants’ answers, in a number of cases immigrants show seri- ous difficulties in explaining their problems. The mediator deals with these difficulties promoting expanded dyadic sequences with them, followed by translations for social workers. The analysed interpreter-mediated interactions highlight the significance of the mediating function of interpreting in promoting narratives of immigrants’ personal and social conditions.

internal-pdf://3829175923/Baraldi-2015-Dialogue interpreting in an Itali.pdf.

Baraldi, Claudio, and Laura Gavioli. 2014. "Are close renditions the golden standard? Some thoughts on translating accurately in healthcare interpreter-mediated interaction." The Interpreter and Translator Trainer 8 (3): 336-353. https://doi.org/10.1080/1750399x.2014.972029.

ABSTRACT: ‘Close renditions’ – renditions that are very close, if not identical, in form and meaning, to the original utterances – are often considered fundamental in dialogue interpreting. It has been suggested that interpreters should address exhaustively and accurately all pieces of information, including those conveyed with minimal responses. This perspective seems to reflect the ‘golden standard’ that normatively guides interpreters’ training. Drawing from research over a long period, we look here at the work of ‘intercultural mediators’ providing interpreting service in healthcare. The analysis described in this article shows that closeness in the meaning and function of single utterances does not necessarily coincide with closeness in their function in the interaction. In order for renditions to be ‘close’, in their interactional function, to those in the other language, interpreting mediators need to achieve ‘accurate’ coordi- nation work. So ‘accuracy’ in coordination should be looked at as a fundamental activity in dialogue interpreting to achieve translational closeness. Expanded dyadic sequences addressing what is going on and pursued in the interaction, for instance, are often necessary to achieve ‘close’ rendition, but their accurate management can be a very complex accomplishment. It is suggested that learning accurate coordination may be a major achievement in healthcare interpreter training.

internal-pdf://2442186111/Baraldi-2014-Are close renditions the golden s.pdf.

Baraldi, Claudio, and Laura Gavioli. 2017. "Intercultural mediation and “(non)professional” interpreting in Italian healthcare institutions." In Non-Professional Interpreting and Translation: State of the Art and Future of an Emerging Field of Research, edited by Rachele Antonini, Letizia Cirillo, Linda Rossato and Ira Torresi, 83-106. Amsterdam, Philadelphia: John Benjamins.

ABSTRACT: This paper analyses interpreting activities performed by intercultural mediators in Italian healthcare services. It proposes a reflection on the type of professionalism that seems to be required in healthcare institutions where the issue of dealing with cultural differences between the patients and the operators is considered of fundamental importance. Our analysis shows that mediators address cultural differences along the lines of one of two orientations. The first treats cultural differences as a plurality of options, thus enhancing patients’ active participation and choice. The second is based on cultural essentialism and treats differences in terms of dos and don’ts, preventing interlocutors’ active participation. We suggest that in order to accomplish the task of dealing with cultural differences “professionally” in healthcare interaction, mediators and interpreters alike may be made aware of the advantages and risks involved in taking each of these two orientations.

internal-pdf://2511711940/Baraldi-2017-Intercultural mediation and “(non.pdf

Bem, Sandra Lipsitz. 1974. "The Measurement of Psychological Androgyny." Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 42 (2): 155-162.

internal-pdf://4146382285/Bem-1974-The Measurement of Psychological Andr.pdf.

Bem, Sandra Lipsitz. 1981. "Citation Classic: The measurement of psychological androgyny." Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 42: 155-162.

internal-pdf://3006967842/Bem-1981-Citation Classic_ The measurement of.pdf.

Benedict, Joerg. 2005. "Consideration Formalismus und Realismus im Common Law of Contract." Rabels Zeitschrift Fur Auslandisches Und Internationales Privatrecht 69 (1): 1-46. https://doi.org/10.1628/0033725054397480.

.

Benito Rey, Marisol. 2011. "Situación de la lengua de signos en las Administraciones Públicas y en los medios, en España y en Alemania." In Traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos en un mundo interconectado = Public service interpreting and translation in the wild wired world [Recurso electrónico]: TISP en Internet = PSIT in WWW, 261-268. Alcalá de Henares: Universidad de Alcalá, Servicio de Publicaciones, D.L.

Bergeron, Gilles. 2002. "L’interprétation en milieu judiciaire." Meta: Journal des traducteurs 47 (2): 225-232. https://doi.org/10.7202/008011ar.

ABSTRACT: The right to the services of an interpreter within the framework of court procedures is enshrined in both the Canadian and the Quebec Charter of Rights, and therefore, constitutes an important element in the administration of justice in Canada. The courts have interpreted the provisions of these Charters and have developed standards of interpretation with which we are faced and of which application is not without problems. Certainly, this constitutional right does not affect all regions in the same way. For example, the Montréal region has a multiethnic character all its own, as 90% of all immigrants who settle in Quebec live here. This cultural diversity, which characterizes the region, will necessarily affect the judicial services offered. The combined evolution of these rights, norms, and sociocultural realities therefore represent, for a court such as Montreal's, a constant challenge within the framework of a sound administration of justice.

internal-pdf://1559857245/Bergeron-2002-L’interprétation en milieu judic.pdf.

Bevilacqua, Giovanni. "Quantitative or qualitative analysis? An interesting methodological route in the field of Community Interpreting." The Interpreters' Newsletter.

internal-pdf://3651368849/Bevilacqua-Quantitative or qualitative analysi.pdf.

Bidegain, Gorka, and Jose Francisco Lukas Mujika. 2020. "Exploring the relationship between attitudes toward science and PISA scientific performance." Revista De Psicodidactica 25 (1): 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psicod.2019.08.003.

ABSTRACT: The Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2006 and PISA 2015 is focused on students' competency in science, providing wide data banks for the analysis of the interaction between science performance and attitudes toward science. The few attempts to study this relationship in other assessment studies suggest some positive correlations on the individual level and some unexpected negative correlations and a lack of scalar invariance across countries. The aim of this study is to contribute to the exploration of the generalizability of this relationship across countries and regions within nations. For this, the PISA 2015 data are analyzed using Ordinary Least Square and Quantile regression modelling techniques together with bivariate correlation matrix analysis. The relationship patterns between attitudes -such as self-efficacy, interest in science, participation in science activities, and enjoyment of science-and performance in science are explored at different scales; across 72 PISA participating countries and across 17 regions in Spain. Across countries, the relationship is unexpectedly negative for all attitudes, although high quantiles show a much less pronounced pattern. Across regions, only self-efficacy is significantly and positively correlated with science performance. Overall, positive non-linear relationships are distinguished for high performance values. The results of this study suggest the need of further research using non-parametric quantile regression modeling, and exploring attitudinal indices scaling when investigating potential universal/invariant models. This research should try to justify the comparison across countries/regions using aggregated scores, while incorporating differences in cultural, educational, and social influences on attitudes toward science. (C) 2019 Universidad de Pais Vasco. Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

.

Bodzer, Anca, and Aurora Comsa. 2011. "Diseño de actividades para el desarrollo de la memoria con ayuda de las TIC." In Traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos en un mundo interconectado = Public service interpreting and translation in the wild wired world [Recurso electrónico]: TISP en Internet = PSIT in WWW, 155-161. Alcalá de Henares: Universidad de Alcalá, Servicio de Publicaciones, D.L.2011.

Borja, Anabel, Marta Gil Sayas, Natividad Juste Vidal, and Roberto Martínez Carrasco. 2011. "Gestión electrónica del conocimiento para la traducción en entornos judiciales: el proyecto JUG-GENTT." In Traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos en un mundo interconectado = Public service interpreting and translation in the wild wired world [Recurso electrónico]: TISP en Internet = PSIT in WWW, 31-40. Alcalá de Henares: Universidad de Alcalá, Servicio de Publicaciones, D.L.2011.

Böser, Ursula, and David La Rooy. 2018. "Interpreter-mediated investigative interviews with minors." Translation and Interpreting Studies 13 (2): 208-229.

ABSTRACT: When information is elicited from children in a criminal context, both their ability and willingness to disclose is at stake. In law, the communicative vul- nerability of children is manifest in forensic protocols for interviewing children. These are designed to retrieve information in a child-aware fashion, as well as to produce evidence with sufficient integrity to stand up under the scrutiny of the criminal process. This article will consider some of the added challenges of interpreter-mediated interviews for minors. Drawing on research into monolingual child interviewing, the article proposes how some of the interpreting related aspects of this challenge may be addressed through the adaptation of elements of reflexive coordination in the widely used NICHD child interviewing protocol. The authors call for the data- based testing of these adaptations and suggests that modifications of institu- tional speech genres for bilingual use may be a component of mainstreaming public service interpreting.

internal-pdf://4084960458/Böser-2018-Interpreter-mediated investigative.pdf.

Boudoukha, Abdel Halim, Emin Altintas, Stephane Rusinek, Carole Fantini-Hauwel, and Marc Hautekeete. 2013. "Inmates-to-Staff Assaults, PTSD and Burnout: Profiles of Risk and Vulnerability." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 28 (11): 2332-2350. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260512475314.

ABSTRACT: Prison employees are often confronted with critical incidents and chronic stressors that may lead to trauma or burnout symptoms. However, most of the research on clinical aspects of interpersonal violence in prisons (inmates-to-staff violence, specifically) focuses either on trauma or on burnout. The purpose of the present study is (a) to examine both burnout and posttraumatic stress among prison staff and (b) to examine the influences of inmates-to-staff violent relations on posttraumatic stress in terms of risk profile to develop PTSD. A random sample of French correctional employees has completed various self-reported questionnaires assessing burnout, posttraumatic stress, and stress as well as victimization and demographic characteristics. Correctional employees demonstrated high levels of PTSD symptoms, burnout, and stress. Violent interactions with inmates lead to experienced trauma of all types (PTSD, secondary, or vicarious trauma). Results have highlighted a prison worker's profile prone to PTSD: he or she expresses high levels of emotional exhaustion, intense levels of stress, high levels of depersonalization, and high levels of intrusion, avoidance, and hyperreactivity. This study contributes to an understanding of the literature by explaining the complex association between burnout and posttraumatic stress after interpersonal violence. These findings suggest a need to support prison workers and to address inmates-to-staff relational dynamics.

.

Brendl, C. M., and E. T. Higgins. 1996. "Principles of judging valence: What makes events positive or negative?" Advances in Experimental Social Psychology 28: 95-160. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2601(08)60237-3. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0065260108602373?via%3Dihub.

.

Bruno, Luana, and Alejandro Iborra Cuéllar. 2021. "An intervention program to foster emotional management in a group of Public Service interpreters." Fitispos 8 (1): 43-65.

internal-pdf://2426205744/Bruno-2021-An intervention program to foster e.pdf.

Burdeus Domingo, Noelia. 2015. "La interpretación en los servicios públicos en el ámbito sanitario. Estudio comparativo de las ciudades de Barcelona y Montreal." Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona.

internal-pdf://1892430622/Burdeus Domingo-2015-La interpretación en los.pdf.

Burdeus Domingo, Noelia, and Marta Arumí Ribas. 2012. "Estudio de la práctica de la interpretación en los servicios públicos en el ámbito sanitario en el área metropolitana de Barcelona." Sendebar: Revista de la Facultad de Traducción e Interpretación (23): 17-36.

ABSTRACT: Este trabajo pretende observar cómo están organizados los servicios de traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos (TISSPP) del ámbito sanitario en la provincia de Barcelona. Para ello, realizamos una observación indirecta detallada mediante entrevistas semi-estructuradas tanto a profesionales de la salud, como al personal encargado de gestionar dichos servicios.Los resultados obtenidos permiten describir en qué consisten los servicios de TISSPP de los centros estudiados, cuál es el perfil de sus usuarios, el de sus prestatarios y el de los profesionales de la salud que los utilizan. Asimismo, se relata cómo se ejerce la práctica de la TISSPP y cuál es la evaluación que ésta recibe.

This paper aims to describe the organization of Public Service Interpreting and Translating (PSIT) in healthcare settings in Barcelona. In doing so, a detailed indirect observation process using semi-structured interviews has been conducted. Both healthcare professionals and staff in charge of PSIT services were interviewed.The results obtained allowed to describe the PSIT services provided in the studied centers, the profile of its users and its providers, as well as the profile of the healthcare staff. Moreover, the paper focuses in describing how the service of PSIT is being carried and how it is being assessed.

internal-pdf://2044896934/Burdeus Domingo-2012-Estudio de la práctica de.pdf.

Burdeus Domingo, Noelia, and Marta Arumí Ribas. 2015. "La interpretación en los servicios públicos en el ámbito sanitario. Estudio comparativo de las ciudades de Barcelona y Montreal."

internal-pdf://2775476024/Burdeus Domingo-2015-La interpretación en los.pdf.

Burdeus-Domingo, Noelia, Suzanne Gagnon, Sophie Pointurier, and Yvan Leanza. 2021. "Bridges and Barriers in Public Service Interpreting Training: Instructing Non-Professional Longserving Interpreters." Fitispos 8 (1): 28-42.

internal-pdf://2442185440/Burdeus-Domingo-2021-Bridges and Barriers in P.pdf.

Burns, Meg. 2017. ""Compromises that we make": Whiteness in the dual language context." Bilingual Research Journal 40 (4): 339-352. https://doi.org/10.1080/15235882.2017.1388303.

ABSTRACT: This case study of a two-way dual language school explores the role of whiteness in a bilingual space, specifically with regards to parent involvement. I ask how whiteness operates in this setting and how the school's response to parent involvement reflects and/or challenges white supremacy. Using the concept of interest convergence and additional concepts from whiteness studies, I argue that the focal school offers a unique example of administrators explicitly working against the domination of white parents by asserting the legitimacy of Mexican-American parents' cultural capital. However, structural factors, specifically lack of funding, created a context for white parents' continued influence. Additionally, I examine the variety of ways in which white parents explained their involvement, arguing that notions of "compromise" and "sacrifice" undermined their-and administrators-social justice orientations.

.

Buysse, Lieven, and Pascal Rillof. 2019. "Civil rights and participating in today’s multilingual Europe." FITISPos International Journal.

ABSTRACT: Today’s European society is incrementally superdiverse, which raises all sorts of challenges as well as concerns about the degrees to which people from varying backgrounds can be integrated in society. Key to such integration is access to public services, since precisely these facilities cater for people’s basic needs and guarantee that they can exercise their civil rights. All too often language barriers pose an insurmountable obstacle to adequate service provision in many vital areas such as healthcare, social welfare, and education. Legislative frameworks should be developed, both at a supranational and a national level in order to establish the right to high-performing public service interpreting and translation, and more generally, policy frameworks for effective communication with anyone appealing to public services.

internal-pdf://0304088472/Buysse-2019-Civil rights and participating in.pdf.

Cambridge, Jan. 1999. "Information loss in bilingual medical interviews through an untrained interpreter." The Translator 5 (2): 201-219. https://doi.org/10.1080/13556509.1999.10799041.

ABSTRACT: This paper presents research based on discourse analysis of seven extempore simulated consultations between practising General Medical Practitioners and non-English speaking volunteer patients, with language-switching provided by educated but professionally untrained native speakers of the foreign language. The research set out to examine how information is lost to both doctor and patient in the language-switching process. The results highlight the importance of appropriate interlocutor roles being occupied by all parties, as well as the dangers inherent in a lack of common ground within the transaction. The language pair used in the data is English-Spanish, but the results are discussed as applicable by extrapolation to any language pair. The findings highlight the risks to all parties of dysfunctional communications across language and culture. Cross-language communication is shown to be complex, and highly trained doctors' skills blunted by malfunctions in language-switching. Information is lost in such malfunctioning encounters, to the detriment (?f effective medical practice.

internal-pdf://2917803373/Cambridge-1999-Information Loss in Bilingual M.pdf.

Cambridge, Jan. 2007. "Public Service Interpreting in Healthcare: There is no such thing as a Routine Conversation." Puentes. Hacia nuevas investigaciones en la mediación intercultural 7.

internal-pdf://1674900472/Cambridge-2007-Public Service Interpreting in.pdf.

Cambridge, Jan. 2013. "Meeting diversity in patient information: Practical issues and challenges for interpreters." Journal of Communication in Healthcare 1 (3): 324-342. https://doi.org/10.1179/cih.2008.1.3.324.

internal-pdf://2953234198/Cambridge-2013-Meeting diversity in patient in.pdf.

Campos Freire, Francisco, and María Dolores Fernandes del Pozo. 2011. "Presencia de la traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos en Internet: presentación de un nuevo sistema de gestión y seguimiento del contenido online y su aplicación a las TISP." In Traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos en un mundo interconectado = Public service interpreting and translation in the wild wired world [Recurso electrónico]: TISP en Internet = PSIT in WWW, edited by Carmen Valero-Garcés, 41-49. Alcalá de Henares: Universidad de Alcalá, Servicio de Publicaciones, D.L.2011.

Cedillo, Carmen, and Carmen Valero Garcés. 2018. "Social media and Public Service Interpreting and Translation: The Global E-Party en TISP." International Journal of Arts Humanities and Social Sciences 3 (7): 1-9.

.

Cedillo Corrochano, Carmen. 2019. "Les possibilités d’utilisation des médias sociaux dans les cours de Traduction et Interprétation." trans-kom. Zeitschrift für Translationswissenschaft und Fachkommunikation 12 (1): 34–51.

ABSTRACT: Public Service Interpreting and Translation (PSIT) is an activity which has not yet achieved a professional status in Spain. Despite the many efforts and complaints that have been made, they have not succeeded in achieving its professionalisation. This study aims to reconduct them to a still not very explored field, that is, the social media. Hence, it analyses the possible use of social media – blogs, Twitter and YouTube – in Translation and Interpreting classes in order to improve the media presence of PSIT as well as sets forth the positive consequences that media could have on the current deregulated situation of PSIT in the country.

internal-pdf://0263043240/Cedillo Corroch-2019-Les possibilités d’utili.pdf.

Chatterjee, Ipsita. 2007. "Packaging of Identity and Identifiable Packages: A study of women–commodity negotiation through product packaging." Gender, Place & Culture 14 (3): 293-316. https://doi.org/10.1080/09663690701324953.

internal-pdf://3428415406/Chatterjee-2007-Packaging of Identity and Iden.pdf.

Chatterjee, Ipsita. 2012. "Feminism, the false consciousness of neoliberal capitalism? Informalization, fundamentalism, and women in an Indian city." Gender, Place & Culture 19 (6): 790-809. https://doi.org/10.1080/0966369x.2011.649349.

internal-pdf://0318561882/Chatterjee-2012-Feminism, the false consciousn.pdf.

Cheung, Andrew K. F. 2018. "Non-renditions and the court interpreter’s perceived impartiality: A role-play study." Interpreting 20 (2): 232-258. https://doi.org/10.1075/intp.00011.che.

ABSTRACT: This experimental study examined whether non-renditions are linked to the court interpreter’s perceived impartiality. A witness examination was simulated in three variations on a scripted role play, with consecutive interpreting between Cantonese and English. A sample of female Cantonese speakers, divided into two experimental groups and a control group, each played the part of the witness in one role play; the interpreter and the English-speaking bench (judge and defense attorney) were always played by the same three actors. In two experimental groups, the interpretation included some utterances with no source speech counterpart (non-renditions): a Cantonese non-rendition group (16 individuals) had procedural and textual non-renditions addressed to them in Cantonese, without English interpretation for the bench; an English non-rendition group (15 individuals) heard some brief exchanges between the interpreter and the bench, with no Cantonese interpretation. A control group (15 individuals) was not exposed to non-renditions. All three groups completed a questionnaire after the role play. The English non-rendition group rated the interpreter significantly lower than the others on impartiality, and was also the only group to comment unfavorably on the interpreter. A possible explanation is that the Cantonese speakers in this group could not follow the English non-renditions and felt excluded.

internal-pdf://1626276109/Cheung-2018-Non-renditions and the court inter.pdf.

Cirillo, Letizia, and Ira Torresi. 2013. "Exploring institutional perceptions of child language brokering: examples from Italian healthcare settings." In Interpreting in a changing landscape: selected papers from Critical Link 6, edited by Christina Schäffner, Krzysztof Kredens and Yvonne Fowler, 149-163. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

ABSTRACT: The present paper investigates the frequent but little studied phenomenon of child language brokering (CLB), focusing specifically on reported experiences of child-brokered events by representatives of Italian healthcare institutions. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with healthcare providers and general practitioners in a medium-sized town in North-East Italy. The aim of the interviews was to highlight recurrent patterns in the commissioning of interpreting services, as well as institutional perceptions of language brokering in general (be it professional or ad hoc), and of CLB in particular. Overall, respondents, while expressing their concerns for the ethical, social and cultural implications of CLB, “defended” it as one of the main, if not the only, available resources to interface with adult migrants in the Italian context.

internal-pdf://0943947510/Cirillo-2013-Exploring institutional perceptio.pdf

Clavero Curado, Tania. 2011. "La documentación sanitaria para personas no hispanohablantes en Andalucía: análisis y propuestas." In Traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos en un mundo interconectado = Public service interpreting and translation in the wild wired world [Recurso electrónico]: TISP en Internet = PSIT in WWW, 50-57. Alcalá de Henares: Universidad de Alcalá, Servicio de Publicaciones, D.L.2011.

Cobos López, Ingrid, and Aurora Ruiz Mezcua. 2010. "La importancia de la terminología jurídica en la interpretación de los Servicios Públicos: un caso empírico de interpretación social español-francés." [The importance of legal terminology in Interpretation in the Public Services: An empirical case of Spanish-French social interpretation] Anales de Filología Francesa 18: 103-117.

ABSTRACT: The aim of this article is to highlight the importance of using the accurate terminology when working as an interpreter for the public services, especially when dealing with Court or Police station matters. For this reason, its teaching and understanding is vital for a quality translator and interpreter training.This article provides a reflection on the importance of juridical terminology and a text typology analysis. Besides, we study a form based on our own experience as community interpreters in Córdoba’s Police station. We extract specific terminology and translation problems. Finally, we compile a glossary, and we include a translation proposal of the above-mentioned document into French.

internal-pdf://2550207484/Cobos López-2010-La importancia de la terminol.pdf.

Corsellis, Ann. 2008. Public Service Interpreting. The First Steps. London: Palgrave Macmillan.

internal-pdf://0084353876/Corsellis-2008-Public Service Interpreting. Th.pdf.

Costa, Beverley. 2011. "Interpreting in mental health contexts via skype." In Traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos en un mundo interconectado = Public service interpreting and translation in the wild wired world [Recurso electrónico]: TISP en Internet = PSIT in WWW, 269-277. Alcalá de Henares: Universidad de Alcalá, Servicio de Publicaciones, D.L.2011.

D'Hayer, Danielle. 2012. "Public Service Interpreting and Translation: Moving Towards a (Virtual) Community of Practice." Meta 57 (1): 235-247. https://doi.org/10.7202/1012751ar.

ABSTRACT: Following many battles, Public Service Interpreting and Translation (PSIT) is gradually evolving towards professionalisation. Wherever it is practiced, common issues have been identified: defining the profession, providing interpreting services for rare or minority languages, educating stakeholders, moving from training to education, and last but not least interpreting and translation quality. The lack of funding for PSIT courses within the current financial context is forcing stakeholders to work differently. The community of practice model can help PSIT stakeholders share resources and knowledge beyond the traditional boundaries set by courses, schools or countries. New technologies such as virtual conference tools and shared repositories are the essential "missing link" towards the progress of PSIT education. PSIT stakeholders need to join forces and pool efforts towards a constructive and innovative dialogue that would enhance the profession. Some forms of PSIT, such as legal interpreting and translation, have already broken barriers and gained professional recognition. However, PSIT should include all forms of PSIT contexts, including the medical or local government. Finally, once fully defined, PSIT and conference interpreting for spoken and sign languages could finally come together under the Interpreting profession umbrella. This is the achievable ultimate aim when working as communities of practice, small or large, language specific or generic, face to face or virtual.

internal-pdf://1045257519/D'Hayer-2012-Public Service Interpreting and T.pdf.

D’Hayer, Danielle. 2013. "Public service interpreter education. A multidimensional approach aiming at building a community of learners and professionals." In Interpreting in a Changing Landscape. Selected papers from Critical Link 6, edited by Christina Schäffner, Krzysztof Kredens and Yvonne Fowler, 321-337. Amsterdam, Philadelphia: John Benjamins.

ABSTRACT: Professional qualifications in Public Service Interpreting (PSI) only carry a val- ue if they are combined with appropriate education. This paper starts by com- menting on shortcomings of the Diploma in Public Service Interpreting, which is the most widespread qualification to access the profession in the United King- dom. Current training courses mainly offer a skill based approach and they are summative assessment led, with little awareness of pedagogical principles. This paper is an attempt to define a pedagogy that relates to PSI training. It argues that PSI training has to evolve to become PSI education. A much deeper un- derstanding of the influence of pedagogy in PSI education is essential for PSI to engage in an open debate on its professionalization.

internal-pdf://0304088642/D’Hayer-2013-Public service interpreter educat.pdf

Dean, Robyn K. 2014. "Condemned to repetition? An analysis of problem-setting and problem-solving in sign language interpreting ethics." Translation & Interpreting: The International Journal of Translation and Interpreting Research 6 (1): 60-75. https://doi.org/ti.106201.2014.a04.

ABSTRACT: A profession learns from the mistakes of the past and it is these historical lessons that will undoubtedly influence its current ethical frame. However, in order to remain relevant, the ethical frame must avail itself to current practice issues, not just protection against the misdeeds of the past. This review follows a similar analysis proposed by Hill (2004) in the field of counselling and considers the ethical content material presented to sign language interpreting students in the U.S. This study analyses examples of ethical content material in the sign language interpreting profession to determine what is the past and present ethical discourse offered by the profession’s exemplars. It is concluded that ethical content material available to students and practitioners appears to remain imbedded in the concerns of the past, at the minimal standards of ethical practice, and therefore may not be sufficiently addressing broader concerns for the development of effective (and ethical) practice skills of sign language interpreters today.

internal-pdf://3829176308/Dean-2014-Condemned to repetition_ An analysis.pdf.

Delgado Luchner, Carmen. 2019. "Contextualizing Interpreter Training in Africa: Two Case Studies from Kenya." International Journal of Interpreter Education 11 (2).

ABSTRACT: This article explores the potential and limitations of interpreter training in Africa. It considers relevant features of the context, namely, the kind of multilingualism that characterizes postcolonial societies (with a coexistence of official, national, regional and vehicular languages within the same geographic space), and the social and geographic distribution of these languages within and across countries. My argument is based on two different interpreter training initiatives implemented in Kenya between 2010 and 2015: a Master’s degree program in conference interpreting for Kenyan and international students with English, French and/or Swahili; and a Certificate program in community interpreting for refugees from Somalia and members of the Kenyan Somali community. The limitations of the programs illustrate the need for a nuanced, contextualized and diversified approach to interpreter training in Africa, and the risks of a one-size-fits-all understanding of interpreting.

internal-pdf://3182432762/Delgado Luchner-2019-Contextualizing Interpret.pdf.

Dhami, Mandeep K., Jane Goodman-Delahunty, and Saoirse Desai. 2017. "Development of an information sheet providing rapport advice for interpreters in police interviews." Police Practice and Research 18 (3): 291-305. https://doi.org/10.1080/15614263.2017.1291580.

ABSTRACT: The present paper reports the development of an information sheet designed to aid interpreters in police interviews in recognizing, conveying and inadvertently obstructing rapport-building efforts by police interviewers. The contents of this sheet were informed by past research defining rapport, and rapport uses in police interviews. We used a mixed experimental design to test the information sheet. One group (Intervention, n = 35) was randomly assigned to read an information sheet before responding to short vignettes of police interviewing foreign non-English speaking suspects about international crimes, while another (Control) group (n = 37) simply responded to the vignettes. Perceptions of rapport cues by the intervention group exceeded that of the control group. However, the groups performed equally well at identifying appropriate methods to convey/avoid obstructing rapport. Feedback from the intervention group on the helpfulness of the information sheet was largely positive. The findings were used to improve the information sheet which can be used to alert interpreters to the importance of rapport in suspect interviews.

internal-pdf://1708302538/Dhami-2017-Development of an information sheet.pdf.

Díaz García, Antonio Luis. 2011. "El intérprete a distancia: viodeoconferencia." In Traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos en un mundo interconectado = Public service interpreting and translation in the wild wired world [Recurso electrónico]: TISP en Internet = PSIT in WWW, 278-284. Alcalá de Henares: Universidad de Alcalá, Servicio de Publicaciones, D.L.2011.

Diriker, Ebru. 2015. "On the evolution of the interpreting profession in Turkey. From the dragomans to the 21st century." In Tradition, Tension and Translation in Turkey, edited by Şehnaz Tahir Gürçağlar, Saliha Paker and John Milton, 89-106. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

ABSTRACT: This article examines the historical evolution and current status of conference and community interpreting in Turkey, while also highlighting the legal frameworks, fields of practice, professional organizations, training opportunities, and future directions for each area of interpreting. In addition to spoken language interpreting, the article surveys the development of Turkish Sign Language and signed language interpreting as well as its prospects in Turkey.

Dong, Da Hui. 2009. "An Application of Temporal Frame in Translating Chinese News into English." Translation & Interpreting: The International Journal of Translation and Interpreting Research 1 (2): 55-70.

ABSTRACT: Many researchers have found that in acquiring the English tense system L2 learners often lack an awareness of tense conventions in the context of a text, which prevents them from using correct grammatical morphology. The present study reports the outcome of an experiment in which native Chinese speaking learners have shown significant improvement in choosing correct tense when translating Chinese news articles into English after being introduced to the concept of “temporal frame” (Matthiessen, 1996; Smith, 2003) in their News English classes over eight weeks. This study included an experiment group of 27 subjects and a control group of 75 subjects. Those in the experiment group were final-year undergraduate students of a News translation and interpreting program in a Taiwanese university; while those in the control group came from other discipline-specific translation and interpreting programs (e.g. Science and Technology and Trade and Economics) and the postgraduate translation and interpreting program of the same university. The results show that: (1) subjects from both experimental group and control group have no significant differences in terms of choosing correct English tense in the pre-test; (2) previous exposure to News English (News-specific vs other discipline specific) and the English proficiency level (postgraduate vs undergraduate) make little difference in subjects' command of English tense; (3) subjects from the experiment group perform significantly better than those from the control group in terms of choosing correct English tense in the post-test.

internal-pdf://2328268644/Dong-2009-An Application of Temporal Frame in.pdf.

Dong, Jiqing, and Graham H. Turner. 2016. "The ergonomic impact of agencies in the dynamic system of interpreting provision." Translation Spaces 5 (1): 97-123. https://doi.org/10.1075/ts.5.1.06don.

ABSTRACT: Interpreters are part of a complex system involving multiple human and technological agents, some of which are aggregated into the form of interpreting agencies. Interpreting is shaped by the ergonomics of the agency as well as by those of the courtroom, hospital or conference centre. The changing British economic climate and contractualism across the public services have brought the role of agencies to the fore. Drawing upon ethnographic data, the paper explicitly links the effect of agency management to practices on the ground and investigates the ergonomic barriers perceived by interpreters. We identify a set of organisational imperatives for recruitment, work allocation, professional ethics and collabora- tive working. As a key information interface, agencies do not always interact ef- fectively with interpreters or consider their own ergonomic impact. We conclude that there is a need for more research on agencies as workplaces and employers of interpreters in the community.

internal-pdf://1369602664/Dong-2016-The ergonomic impact of agencies in.pdf.

Doria de Souza, Leonardo. 2011. Public Service interpreting in Norway. The Norwegian National Register of Interpreters. Norwegian Directorate of Integration and Diversity (IMDi). TRAFUT (Ljubljana). https://slideplayer.com/slide/1732105.

Drugan, Joanna. 2011. "Translation ethics wikified: How far do professional codes of ethics and practice apply to non-professionally produced translation?" Linguistica Antverpiensia 10: 111-127.

ABSTRACT: Translation involves ethical decision-making in challenging contexts. Codes of practice help professional translators identify ethical issue and formulate appropriate, justifiable responses. However, new and growing forms of community translation operate outside the professional realm, and substantial differences exist between the two approaches. How relevant, then, are professional codes in the new contexts? What alternative ‘codes’ (stated or implicit) have been developed by the new groups? The content of professional codes is compared here to a broad range of community approaches to identify themes common across both, and areas where the new community might be making an original contribution. This reveals different priorities in the professional and non-professional codes. Community translation initiatives have found novel solutions to some ethical problems and challenges, particularly in self-regulation and community policing, improved interpretation of code content, an emphasis on shared values rather than individual rights, and strong mentoring.

internal-pdf://0914600926/Drugan-2011-Translation ethics wikified_ How f.pdf.

Dumas, Nathaniel W. 2016. ""This guy says I should talk like that all the time": Challenging intersecting ideologies of language and gender in an American Stuttering English comedienne's stand-up routine." Language in Society 45 (3): 353-374. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0047404516000233.

ABSTRACT: American Stuttering English (ASE) speakers (or persons who stutter' in pathological perspectives) have historically had tense relationships with comedic representations of their speech. Mainstream representations pathologize and ridicule stuttering, rather than appreciate it as a legitimate language variety. These depictions also increase non-ASE speakers' possessive investment' (Lipsitz 1995) in Standard American Fluent English as the dominant language variety. Recently, some ASE speakers have reinterpreted ASE and comedic portrayals of their speech using stand-up comedy. This article analyzes the comedic work of Rona B, an ASE comedienne. Using data on her YouTube channel, I argue that Rona B draws on her intersectional experiences as a female ASE speaker to construct a voice that critiques both the political agendas of anti-linguistic discrimination, which downplays gender, and of antisexism, which minimizes sociolinguistic differences. This study expands on contemporary calls in sociolinguistics that position intracategorical intersectionality as key for analyzing performances on language variation. (Gender, variation, American Stuttering English, performance, stand-up comedy, language ideologies)*

.

El Islam Sidi Bah, Nour. 2015. "La prensa y la traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos." Departamento de Lingüística, Lenguas Modernas, Lógica y Filosofía de la Ciencia y Teoría de la Literatura y Literatura Comparada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid.

internal-pdf://2349503186/El Islam Sidi B-2015-La prensa y la traducción.pdf.

Enríquez-Raído, Vanessa, Ineke Crezee, and Quintin Ridgeway. 2020. "Professional, ethical, and policy dimensions of public service interpreting and translation in New Zealand." Translation and Interpreting Studies 15 (1).

ABSTRACT: This article reviews the practical, ethical, and policymaking dimensions of public service interpreting and translation in New Zealand. It shows that the country has had a limited tradition in translation and interpreting and that historically bilingual community members have been asked to perform T&I without specific training. Our review also reveals that several factors may explain the ongoing use of non-professionals across public settings: the availability of bilingual staff and community volunteers, the misrecognition of the T&I role, difficulties around procurement of highly skilled practition- ers, and cost concerns. Policymakers and other members of the community have identified that these factors can negatively impact quality standards and professional ethics, as seen in the government’s recent initiative to regu- late and professionalize the sector. We report on this initiative and our advi- sory role concerning the endorsement of a teleological approach to professional ethics.

internal-pdf://2442185595/Enríquez-Raído-2020-Professional, ethical, and.pdf.

Eser, Oktay. 2020. Understanding Community Interpreting Services. Diversity and Access in Australia and Beyond. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan.

internal-pdf://3172685178/Eser-2020-Understanding Community Interpreting.pdf.

Eser, Oktay, Miranda Lai, and Fatih Saltan. 2020. "The affordances and challenges of wearable technologies for training public service interpreters." Interpreting. International Journal of Research and Practice in Interpreting 22 (2): 288-308. https://doi.org/10.1075/intp.00044.ese.

ABSTRACT: Interpreter training has evolved from traditional face-to-face classroom settings to alternative modes of delivery such as online and blended learning because of the rise in information and communication technology. The limited body of literature shows that the most documented pedagogical application of interpreter training delivery is via virtual learning environments such as Moodle and Blackboard. To enrich the literature on technology use in interpreter training, a pilot project was conducted in which participant students and trainers accessed a three-dimensional virtual environment using wearable technology (i.e., three-dimensional virtual reality glasses) and students practiced interpreting using a prerecorded animated dialogue. A virtual reality platform was built using Unity 3D and run on Android to host the piloted dialogue, with a view to adding dialogues in the future to develop it into a healthcare interpreting training platform. Qualitative data collected through observations and semi-structured interviews were analyzed. The results show that using wearable devices in interpreter training has the potential to create immersive simulated environments for autonomous learning and to improve interpreter training when used with instructional support. However, challenges including physiological effects, level of authenticity, and the need for equipment support warrant further exploration and refinement of its pedagogical application in the future.

internal-pdf://0637172767/Eser-2020-The affordances and challenges of we.pdf.

Estévez Grossi, Marta. 2016. "La Emigración Española en Alemania y la Jubilación: Un Análisis desde la Lingüística Migratoria y la Interpretación en los Servicios Públicos." FITISPos International Journal 3.

internal-pdf://1548233356/Estévez Grossi-2016-La Emigración Española en.pdf.

Faya Ornia, Goretti. 2011. "Tecnologías empleadas en los servicios de interpretación de los hospitales (Londres, Düsseldorf y Madrid) y experiencias de los usuarios." In Traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos en un mundo interconectado = Public service interpreting and translation in the wild wired world [Recurso electrónico]: TISP en Internet = PSIT in WWW, 285-296. Alcalá de Henares: Universidad de Alcalá, Servicio de Publicaciones, D.L.2011.

Feijoo, Izabelle. 2003. "Traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos en Portugal." In Traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos. Contextualización, actualidad y futuro, edited by Carmen Valero Garcés, 265-269. Granada: Comares.

Forcada, M. L., M. Ginesti-Rosell, J. Nordfalk, J. O'Regan, S. Ortiz-Rojas, J. A. Perez-Ortiz, F. Sanchez-Martinez, G. Ramirez-Sanchez, and F. M. Tyers. 2011. "Apertium: a free/open-source platform for rule-based machine translation." Machine Translation 25 (2): 127-144. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10590-011-9090-0. <Go to ISI>://WOS:000434559100004.

ABSTRACT: Apertium is a free/open-source platform for rule-based machine translation. It is being widely used to build machine translation systems for a variety of language pairs, especially in those cases (mainly with related-language pairs) where shallow transfer suffices to produce good quality translations, although it has also proven useful in assimilation scenarios with more distant pairs involved. This article summarises the Apertium platform: the translation engine, the encoding of linguistic data, and the tools developed around the platform. The present limitations of the platform and the challenges posed for the coming years are also discussed. Finally, evaluation results for some of the most active language pairs are presented. An appendix describes Apertium as a free/open-source project.

.

Foulquié Rubio, Ana Isabel, Mireia Vargas Urpí, and María Magdalena Fernández Pérez, eds. 2018. Panorama de la traducción y la interpretación en los servicios públicos españoles: una década de cambios, retos y oportunidades. Granada: Comares.

Gallai, Fabrizio. 2016. "Point of view in free indirect thought and in community interpreting." Lingua 175-176: 97-121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lingua.2015.08.012.

ABSTRACT: In this paper, I apply Blakemore’s (2010, 2011) relevance-theoretic analysis of the role of discourse markers in free indirect thought representations to the use of similar expressions by police interpreters. Interpreting is analysed within relevance theory as a special case of attributive use (cf. Gutt, 1991/2000; Sperber and Wilson, 1986/1995). However, the role of discourse markers in the representation of a point of view that is not the interpreter’s shows that this account must be modified in order to explain how interpreters suppress their voices to maintain an impression of mutuality between hearer and original speaker. My data from interpreter-mediated police interviews shows that interpreting practice is variable with respect to the inclusion of discourse markers. In particular, renditions may include discourse markers not found in the original but which are understood as attributed to the original speaker. While the addition of discourse markers might be regarded as evidence for a mediating interpreter, and hence as contrary to public authorities’ Codes of conduct, such additions are justified by the aim of providing a rendition that achieves relevance by increasing the sense of mutuality between hearer and original speaker. Thus, the interpreter’s ‘interference’ may (paradoxically) contribute to the impression of the interpreter’s invisibility required by public institutions.

internal-pdf://4059243042/Gallai-2016-Point of view in free indirect tho.pdf.

Gallez, Emmanuelle. 2018. "Foreigners and Refugees Behind Bars: How Flemish Prisons Tackle Linguistic Barriers." The European Legacy 23 (7-8): 738-756. https://doi.org/10.1080/10848770.2018.1492809. https://doi.org/10.1080/10848770.2018.1492809.

ABSTRACT: As a result of intensive mobility and migration over the last twenty-five years, multiculturalism and multilingualism have become a reality in European prisons. This ?superdiversity? poses a serious challenge to the various stakeholders who need efficient and reliable communication. Yet this topic has been underresearched. According to statistics for the year 2014 issued by the Council of Europe, Belgium has a high rate of foreign inmates (41%). Against this background, the aim of this exploratory research is to describe how the Flemish penitentiary system tackles this linguistic challenge. Data were gathered through qualitative research methods such as desktop research and in-depth interviews with 8 stakeholders (prison directors, prison staff, social workers, and interpreters). Due to the scarcity of financial resources and the presence of organizational hurdles, the Ministry of Justice rarely assigns jobs in prison to interpreters; instead, they are replaced by cheaper and immediately available alternatives. The results suggest that linguistic isolation of foreign detainees leads to social isolation and may jeopardize their release and social reintegration.

internal-pdf://1020406623/Gallez-2018-Foreigners and Refugees Behind Bar.pdf.

Gamal, Muhammad Y. 2017. "Police interpreting: The facts sheet." Semiotica 2017 (216): 297-316. https://doi.org/10.1515/sem-2015-0110.

ABSTRACT: Interpreting for the police is the backbone of legal interpreting. Yet it is grossly overshadowed by the more visible and more public court interpreting. This paper describes the setting of police interpreting, highlighting some of the major issues and challenges in the field that place a lot more than linguistic pressure on the interpreter. It examines the task of interpreters working within the Australian police setting and casts light on three prevailing practices that tend to challenge the interpreter. The practices relate to the selection, briefing, and training of interpreters working for law enforcement investigations. The paper argues that the current training, instructions, and perception of the role of the police interpreter are inadequate. It further argues that for police inter- preting to become professional, formal training in the context of police investi- gations and pre-committal proceedings is required.

internal-pdf://3254152268/Gamal-2017-Police interpreting_ The facts shee.pdf.

García Beyaert, Sofía. 2016. "Cross-Linguistic Communication and Public Policy: The institutionalization of community interpreting."

internal-pdf://0943947521/García Beyaert-2016-Cross-Linguistic Communica.pdf.

Garcia, L., E. L. Hurwitz, and J. F. Kraus. 2005. "Acculturation and reported intimate partner violence among Latinas in Los Angeles." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 20 (5): 569-590. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260504271582.

ABSTRACT: This study sought to understand the relationship between acculturation and reporting intimate partner violence (IPV) among Latinas. A cross-sectional interviewer-administered survey was conducted at public health care clinics throughout Los Angeles County Logistic regression was used to estimate the effect of acculturation on reporting IPV Ail increasing trend of reporting IPV was observed among Latinas who were more acculturated (chi-square = 41.02, p = .0006). Highly acculturated Latinas were more likely to report IPV compared with least acculturated Latinas (prevalence odds ration = 2.18, 95% confidence level = 0.98, 4.89) and moderately acculturated Latinas were more likely to report IPV compared with least acculturated Latinas (prevalence odds ration = 1.29, 95% confidence level = 0.69, 2.43). Culturally competent IPV prevention programs may be the key to significantly reducing the number of women exposed to this serious public health problem.

.

Garrett, Pam. 2009. "Healthcare Interpreter Policy: Policy determinants and current issues in the Australian context." Translation & Interpreting: The International Journal of Translation and Interpreting Research 1 (2): 55-70.

ABSTRACT: Healthcare interpreter policy comprises both the written and the unwritten actions that affect the interpreter service, its structure, funding and service provision arrangements. A model of interpreter service policy is proposed which identifies the interactive policy determinants as being: interpreter provider factors, non-English- speaking (NES) patient factors, managerial factors. health system factors, stakeholder factors, factors associated with non-health sectors and evidence and research. Interpreter policy is viewed as being nested within multicultural and mainstream healthcare policy. Using this model, the article canvasses the range of factors currently influencing healthcare interpreter policy, discusses the evidence and research related to the effectiveness of current policy, and makes suggestions for future policy directions. Key policy directions suggested include: clarification of interpreter roles and responsibilities; taking action to maximise the service reach, scope and effectiveness; developing the cultural competency of healthcare providers; and improving the health literacy of patients with limited English proficiency. It is argued that these changes must be made with an overall healthcare interpreter policy context that defines the central concern as patient safety.

internal-pdf://3119541605/Garrett-2009-Healthcare Interpreter Policy_ Po.pdf.

Gentile, Adolfo. 2012. "Ann Corsellis.Public service interpreting: The first steps." Interpreting 14 (1): 119-122. https://doi.org/10.1075/intp.14.1.06gen.

internal-pdf://1402961660/Gentile-2012-Ann Corsellis.Public service inte.pdf.

Gentile, Paola. 2017. "Political Ideology and the De-Professionalisation of Public Service Interpreting: The Netherlands and the United Kingdom as Case Studies." In Ideology, Ethics and Policy Development in Public Service Interpreting and Translation, edited by Carmen Valero Garcés and Rebecca Tripton, 63-83. Bristol: Multilingual Matters.

internal-pdf://1101513506/Gentile-2017-Political Ideology and the De-Pro.pdf

Gez, Yonatan N., and Michal Schuster. 2018. "Borders and Boundaries: Eritrean Graduates Reflect on Their Medical Interpreting Training." The European Legacy 23 (7-8): 821-836. https://doi.org/10.1080/10848770.2018.1492810.

ABSTRACT: This article examines the professional boundaries and obstacles encountered by Eritrean graduates of a medical interpreter course in Israel. Through a series of personal interviews held about a year after their graduation, we identified professional and personal boundaries as a recurring theme. Drawing on the inspiring work of Erving Goffman, we discuss the tension between their “normative roles” and “typical roles.” By deploying two heuristic two-way typologies—in reference to the service provider or the patient, and in reference to formal or informal interpreting settings—we propose that the tension between the normative and the typical manifests most clearly within formal interpreting settings and vis-à-vis the service providers, and is least present outside formal settings and vis-à-vis the patients. Recognizing that the role of the interpreter tends to extend well beyond its formal setting, we conclude by reflecting on how the circumstances of marginalization and lack of support—incurred by the Israeli government’s intention to frustrate asylum seekers and thwart their struggle for recognition as refugees—compels the graduates to extend their services and serve as brokers, counsellors and guides in trying to help their compatriots navi- gate the ostensibly inhospitable system they confront.

internal-pdf://4087447943/Gez-2018-Borders and Boundaries_ Eritrean Grad.pdf.

Gheorghiu, Catalina Iliescu. 2007. "The Role of Interpreting in Spanish Central and Local Government Integration Policies. The Case of the Romanian Population in Alicante." Language and Intercultural Communication 7 (2): 171-185. https://doi.org/10.2167/laic273.0.

internal-pdf://1776808817/Gheorghiu-2007-The Role of Interpreting in Spa.pdf

internal-pdf://2875632658/Gheorghiu-2007-The Role of Interpreting in Sp2.pdf.

Gibb, Robert, and Anthony Good. 2014. "Interpretation, translation and intercultural communication in refugee status determination procedures in the UK and France." Language and Intercultural Communication 14 (3): 385-399. https://doi.org/10.1080/14708477.2014.918314.

ABSTRACT: This article explores the interplay between language and intercultural communication within refugee status determination procedures in the UK and France, using material taken from ethnographic research that involved a combination of participant observation, semi-structured interviews and documentary analysis in both countries over a two-year period (2007–2009). It is concerned, in particular, to examine the role played by interpreters in facilitating intercultural communication between asylum applicants and the different administrative and legal actors responsible for assessing or defending their claims. The first section provides an overview of refugee status determination procedures in the UK and France, introducing the main administrative and legal contexts of the asylum process within which interpreters operate in the two countries. The second section compares the organisation of interpreting services, codes of conduct for interpreters and institutional expectations about the nature of interpreters’ activity on the part of the relevant UK and French authorities. The third section then explores some of the practical dilemmas for interpreters and barriers to communication that exist in refugee status determination procedures in the two countries. The article concludes by emphasising the complex and active nature of the interpreter’s role in UK and French refugee status determination procedures.

internal-pdf://0243268127/Gibb-2014-Interpretation, translation and inte.pdf.

Gómez Moreno, Paz, and Coral Ivy Hunt Gómez. 2011. "Propuesta formativa: personal de justicia e interpretación." In Traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos en un mundo interconectado = Public service interpreting and translation in the wild wired world [Recurso electrónico]: TISP en Internet = PSIT in WWW, 171-178. Alcalá de Henares: Universidad de Alcalá, Servicio de Publicaciones, D.L.2011.

González García, Erika. 2004. "Interpretación social: Una necesidad que emerge día a día. Aproximación al contexto guipuzcoano." Sendebar 15: 97-113.

internal-pdf://3829176345/González García-2004-Interpretación social_ Un.pdf.

González García, Erika. 2006. "Traducción e interpretación en los Servicios Públicos de la zona norte: Estado de la cuestión." Revista española de lingüística aplicada Extra 1: 151-174.

internal-pdf://0186788622/González García-2006-Traducción e interpretaci.pdf.

González Rodríguez, María Jesús. 2011. "La diversidad homogénea de la interpretación bilateral: reflexiones sobre dos trabajos específicos en Tribunales italianos y comparación con un caso sanitario español." In Traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos en un mundo interconectado = Public service interpreting and translation in the wild wired world [Recurso electrónico]: TISP en Internet = PSIT in WWW, 188-196. Alcalá de Henares: Universidad de Alcalá, Servicio de Publicaciones, D.L.2011.

Gorjanc, Vojko, and Nike K. Pokorn. 2013. "We are not giving up. Training public-service translators and interpreters in the economic crisis." mTm 5.

ABSTRACT: This article focuses on the consequences of the austerity measures imposed on public education regarding the training of public-service translators and interpreters for the languages of recent immigration in the Republic of Slovenia. First, the linguistic situation, the translation market and translator and interpreter training in Slovenia are described. The article then provides a survey of the changing needs for public-service interpreting and translation (PSIT) in the Republic of Slovenia, and describes the subsequent plans for the introduction of the training for PSIT. Finally, a tentative solution and a response to the needs are proposed, taking into account the reduced or non-existent financial support of such endeavours.

internal-pdf://3896289965/Gorjanc-2013-We are not giving up. Training pu.pdf.

Grbić, Nadja, and Sonja Pöllabauer. 2008. "Counting What Counts. Research On Community Interpreting In German-Speaking Countries — A Scientometric Study." Target 20 (2): 297-332. https://doi.org/10.1075/target.20.2.06grb.

ABSTRACT: This paper presents the results of a study on research on spoken and signed language community interpreting (CI) in German-speaking countries (Austria, Germany, German-speaking regions of Switzerland). A set of different scien- tometric, network analytical and text linguistic (keyword analysis, title word analysis, co-occurrence analysis) methodological tools is used to investigate this specific field of research. The paper is a follow-up to a first brief introductory pa- per on that topic (Grbić and Pöllabauer 2006a) and presents an in-depth analysis of the subject. The corpus of the study includes 595 publications on research

into spoken and signed CI in German-speaking countries, which were published between 1979 and 2006. It was compiled on the basis of a comprehensive search of the literature. The study focuses, among other aspects, on the types of docu- ments published in that field of research (with a specific focus on journal articles, collective volumes, papers in collective volumes, graduation and doctoral theses) and the nature of the publications, the overall growth rates of publications on that field, the most common languages of publication, the disciplinary affiliation of the authors, the agents (people, institutions) involved in researching CI as well as the networks of authors and co-authorships, and the topics touched upon in research on CI and the most common co-occurrences of topics.

internal-pdf://0352406215/Grbić-2008-Counting What Counts. Research On C.pdf.

Hale, Sandra B. 2007. Community Interpreting. Hampshire: Palgrave MacMillan.

internal-pdf://2426206123/Hale-2007-Community Interpreting.pdf.

Hale, Sandra Beatriz. 2007. "Interdisciplinarity: Community Interpreting in the Medical Context." In Community Interpreting, 34-63. Hampshire: Palgrave MacMillan.

Hale, Sandra B. 2011. "Public Service Interpreting." In The Oxford Handbook of Translation Studies, edited by Kirsten Malmkjær and Kevin Windle, 343-356. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Handi, Hassan Benhaddou, and María Dolores Ortigosa Lorenzo. 2011. "El impacto emocional de los relatos negativos en los intérpretes." In Traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos en un mundo interconectado = Public service interpreting and translation in the wild wired world [Recurso electrónico]: TISP en Internet = PSIT in WWW, 20-30. Alcalá de Henares: Universidad de Alcalá, Servicio de Publicaciones, D.L.2011.

Haviland, Victoria S. 2008. ""Things get glossed over" - Rearticulating the silencing power of Whiteness in education." Journal of Teacher Education 59 (1): 40-54. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022487107310751.

ABSTRACT: This article investigates the ways that White teachers approach issues of race, racism, and White supremacy in White-dominated educational settings. Drawing from data from a yearlong qualitative research study, the article uses discourse analysis, critical studies of Whiteness, and feminist theory to detail 15 rhetorical, behavioral, analytical, and interactional strategies that participants used to insulate themselves from implication in social inequality. The article demonstrates how participation in these strategies stymied attempts at transformative multicultural education and thus functioned to reproduce, rather than challenge, the status quo of educational and social inequality.

.

Helguera Gallego, Antonio, A. Gómez Arévalo, A. Sanz Gil, and Luis Carlos Martínez Aguado. 2011. "Traducción remota en el servicio de urgencias del Hospital Ramón y Cajal del servicio madrileño de salud." In Traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos en un mundo interconectado = Public service interpreting and translation in the wild wired world [Recurso electrónico]: TISP en Internet = PSIT in WWW, 58-66. Alcalá de Henares: Universidad de Alcalá, Servicio de Publicaciones, D.L.2011.

Hikmet Hannouna, Yasmin. 2012. "The need for adequate community interpreting services in healthcare multilingual settings: A case study in Al-Ain, UAE." Translation and Interpreting Studies 7: 72-95. https://doi.org/10.1075/tis.7.1.05han.

internal-pdf://0277264389/Hikmet Hannouna-2012-The need for adequate com.pdf.

Howes, Loene M. 2018. "Community interpreters’ experiences of police investigative interviews: how might interpreters’ insights contribute to enhanced procedural justice?" Policing and Society 29 (8): 887-905. https://doi.org/10.1080/10439463.2018.1447572.

ABSTRACT: Procedural justice refers to fairness in police dealings with members of the public. By facilitating communication between the police and people with whom they do not share a common language, interpreters assist policing organisations to provide fair and equitable services for all members of the community. Yet research findings suggest that interpreters’ presence, behaviour, and interpreting choices can negatively impact the fairness of police investigative interviews. To contribute to enhanced procedural justice in interpreted investigative interviews, this study explores the under-researched topic of interpreters’ perceptions of such interviews. Twenty community interpreters from diverse languages participated in interviews, in line with the procedural justice concept of voice. Inductive thematic analysis of transcripts revealed interpreters’ perception that effective interpreting is impeded both by systemic issues arising from the structure of the interpreting profession and situational aspects of the police interview. Interpreters’ accounts urged police interviewers to develop familiarity with this developing profession and elaborated on what is helpful to them in interpreted police interviews whether on site or via telephone. Practical strategies for police interviewers to assist interpreters include familiarising them with interview rooms, giving advance briefings to prepare for emotional content, allowing time to check infrequently used words, and debriefing at the conclusion. Overall, the findings indicate some practical ways in which the procedural justice goals of neutrality, respectful treatment, and trustworthiness may be enhanced in interpreted investigative interviews. Further research is needed to assess the impacts of these suggestions on procedural justice outcomes in practice.

internal-pdf://1170023074/Howes-2018-Community interpreters’ experiences.pdf.

Hunt Gómez, Coral Ivy. 2011. "Interpretación en Tribunales de Justicia: una unidad didáctica a partir de la realidad." In Traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos en un mundo interconectado = Public service interpreting and translation in the wild wired world [Recurso electrónico]: TISP en Internet = PSIT in WWW, 179-187. Alcalá de Henares: Universidad de Alcalá, Servicio de Publicaciones, D.L.2011.

Hurtz, W., and K. Durkin. 1997. "Gender role stereotyping in Australian radio commercials." Sex Roles 36 (1-2): 103-114. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02766241.

ABSTRACT: Most previous research into gender role stereotypes in the mass media has concentrated on television or print. Only one content analysis (Furnham & Schofield, 1986) has examined radio content, finding patterns of bias in British radio commercials consistent with, though less marked than, those in television commercials. The present study sought to determine whether similar patterns obtain in another Western country's radio commercials collected approximately a decade later Over 100 Australian radio ads were content analyzed, and results very similar to those of the earlier study were obtained. The findings are discussed in terms of their implications for studies of gender role development and audience reactions to media content.

.

Ivanova, Ivona. 2015. "El Concepto de la Tortura en Relación con la Traducción y la Interpretación en los Servicios Públicos." FITISPos International Journal 2.

internal-pdf://3753378070/Ivanova-2015-El Concepto de la Tortura en Rela.pdf.

Jacobsen, Bente. 2012. "The significance of interpreting modes for question–answer dialogues in court interpreting." Interpreting 14: 217-241. https://doi.org/10.1075/intp.14.2.05jac.

ABSTRACT: Studies of court interpreting have so far neglected interpreters’ choice of mode for interpreting question–answer dialogues, though their choice of mode may impact the way questions and answers are reproduced and received by end receivers. Typically, the (short) consecutive mode, regarded as the more complete mode, is recommended for interpreting these dialogues, because it facilitates the inclusion of features such as hesitations, discourse markers, repetitions etc. which play a significant role in identifying speaker meaning. Moreover, in courts without interpreting equipment, answers interpreted in the simultaneous (whispered) mode will be inaudible to end receivers. Nevertheless, as demonstrated in this article, which is based on a survey among court interpreters in Denmark, some interpreters ignore official recommendations and choose strategies for interpreting questions and answers which potentially hinder the flow of information between the original speaker and listener and the accurate and complete translation of original utterances. Furthermore, Danish courts seem to accept the court interpreters’ behaviour, despite its potential consequences for trial outcomes. The article discusses the reasons for this passivity and its wider implications.

internal-pdf://1144522513/Jacobsen-2012-The significance of interpreting.pdf.

Jacobsen, Bente. 2012. "Community interpreting in Denmark: Training programmes and tests, or lack of the same." https://pure.au.dk.

.

Jimenez-Andres, Maria. 2021. "Refugee access to information in online and offline environments: results from focus group discussions." Fitispos 8 (1): 79-95.

internal-pdf://1101513183/Jimenez-Andres-2021-Refugee access to informat.pdf.

Jiménez-Salcedo, Juan. 2010. Traducción-interpretación en los servicios públicos en Quebec: ¿un modelo para Andalucía? Seville: Centro de Estudios Andaluces.

internal-pdf://0304088387/Jiménez-Salcedo-2010-Traducción-interpretación.pdf.

Karami, Somayyeh, and Abbas Eslami Rasekh. 2011. "Incorporating an online wiki collaborative tool in the web-based translator training workshops." In Traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos en un mundo interconectado = Public service interpreting and translation in the wild wired world [Recurso electrónico]: TISP en Internet = PSIT in WWW, 197-206. Alcalá de Henares: Universidad de Alcalá, Servicio de Publicaciones, D.L.2011.

Kassapi, Eleni, Anastasia Efklides, Hariton M. Polatoglou, Maria Myronidou, and Maria Teresa Papaioannou. 2005. "Interpreting Between Greek Sign Language and Spoken Greek at the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki." Meta : journal des traducteurs / Meta: Translators' Journal 50 (4).

ABSTRACT: This paper presents the first project on the formation of Sign Language Interpreters in Greek Universities. At the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, the training of sign language interpreters is an experimental project organized by the Social Policy Committee and is carried out in collaboration with the School of English Studies and the Postgraduate Program in Translation and Interpretation Studies. This project has been initiated because of the realization that deaf students represent a linguistic minority in our University. In universities, the growing number of deaf students increases the demand for community and conference interpreting between the Greek sign language and the Greek — general or special — spoken language.

internal-pdf://0856448053/Kassapi-2005-Interpreting Between Greek Sign L.pdf.

Keener, Emily. 2015. "The Complexity of Gender: It Is All That and MoreaEuro broken vertical bar.In sum, It Is Complicated." Sex Roles 73 (11-12): 481-489. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-015-0542-5.

ABSTRACT: This commentary responds to "Two Traditions of Research on Gender Identity," where Wood and Eagly (2015) discussed two traditions of research on gender identity: gender self-categorization and gender-typed traits. This commentary replies, with a focus on research and theory from the U.S., by noting the importance of each approach, but more importantly, by noting the areas of gender identity not addressed by Wood and Eagly. Issues of complexity discussed include the multidimensional nature of gender, the limitations of the gender binary system, intersectionality, and the developmental context. Also, this commentary provides advice for incorporating the developmental context in research on gender identity. The commentary concludes by discussing the usefulness of qualitative research methodologies for incorporating other complexities in research, but also notes the need for innovation in methodology to better reflect the complex nature of gender in research.

.

Kerremans, Koen, Raquel Lázaro Gutiérrez, Helene Stengers, Antoon Cox, and Pascal Rillof. 2019. "Technology use by public service interpreters and translators: the link between frequency of use and forms of prior training." FITISPos International Journal: Public Service Interpreting and Translation (6): 107-122.

ABSTRACT: : In this article, the first results of a large-scale survey on the use of technological bridging instruments in contexts of multilingual service provision will be presented. We will focus on answers given by respondents working as public service interpreters and translators, abbreviated as PSITs (N=188). No restriction was set on specific domains of public service in this study (e.g. education, health, etc.). The article focuses on the question how forms of prior training of PSITs relate to the frequency of use of technological tools in their professional practice, such as computer-assisted translation (CAT) technology, machine translation (MT) systems, Instant Messaging (IM) technology, video conferencing technology (VC), termbase management systems (TB), and combinations thereof.

En este artículo, presentaremos los resultados preliminares de un estudio a gran escala sobre el uso de instrumentos tecnológicos utilizados para facilitar la comunicación para la provisión de servicios en entornos multilingües. Nos centraremos en las respuestas proporcionadas por sujetos que trabajan como traductores e intérpretes en los servicios públicos (PSITs, por sus siglas en inglés, N=188). No se realizó ninguna distinción entre los distintos dominios de los servicios públicos para este estudio (por ejemplo, educación, salud, etc.) Pretendemos averiguar la influencia del tipo de formación que los traductores e intérpretes han recibido sobre el uso de herramientas tecnológicas, como traducción asistida por ordenador, traducción automática, mensajería instantánea, videoconferencia y programas de gestión terminológica.

internal-pdf://1780295072/Kerremans-2019-Technology use by public servic.pdf.

Kerremans, Koen, Laurent-Philippe De Ryck, Vanessa De Tobel, Rudi Janssens, Pascal Rillof, and Marianne Scheppers. 2018. "Bridging the Communication Gap in Multilingual Service Encounters: A Brussels Case Study." The European Legacy 23 (7-8): 757-772. https://doi.org/10.1080/10848770.2018.1492811. https://doi.org/10.1080/10848770.2018.1492811.

ABSTRACT: The massive influx of refugees into Europe in the past few years has given rise to different kinds of challenges among which is the challenge to successfully communicate with newly arrived immigrants. In this article, we will focus on the public service provision sector where quality of service is to a large extent determined by the capability of a service provider and his or her ?client? to understand one another. The article centres on a study involving public organisations providing asylum services or (mental) healthcare services in the multilingual and multicultural city of Brussels. Several interviews were conducted to gain insight into the communication problems such organisations face, as well as their communication requirements and solutions when providing services to people of different linguistic and cultural backgrounds. We will focus on the types of bridging functions commonly deployed by these organisations in multilingual service encounters and on the motivations for using them. In addition, we will discuss the subject of technology-enabled communication in the context of public service provision. Finally, in presenting the results of our study we will formulate specific recommendations on how to improve the use and integration of bridging functions into common service practice.

internal-pdf://4206390981/Kerremans-2018-Bridging the Communication Gap.pdf.

Kleinert, Cristina V. 2014. "Intérpretes sociales en México: construcción de una etnografía doblemente reflexiva con enfoque decolonial." In-Traduções 6 (10): 1-23.

ABSTRACT: This paper is a reflection on the methodological strategy of an ongoing study with community interpreters in indigenous languages in Mexico. Vertical power relations were identified between the actors in both court interpreting practice and in implementation of an educational strategy to certify interpreters. The inter-institutional committees created to carry out these public policy strategies include civil society as a key actor. We read this reality through a de-colonial filter, observing that since the emergence of professional practice during colonial times, the role of community interpreter, understood as a mediator, is or can be controversial. Our interest is in how to approach this problem within an interdisciplinary, intercultural field including education, interpreting and law through a doubly reflexive ethnography (Dietz 2012), involving elements of auto-ethnography, in order to facilitate the collaborative construction of public policy regarding the linguistic rights of indigenous peoples and, thus, secure the right to court interpretation.

.

Kleinert, Cristina V. 2014. "Intérpretes en lenguas indígenas como nuevos mediadores interculturales." In Empoderamiento y educación superior en contextos interculturales en México, 171-183. Barcelona: Bellaterra.

Kleinert, Cristina V. 2014. "Didáctica para la formación de intérpretes en lenguas nacionales de México: trabajar de manera multilingüe." Entreculturas: revista de traducción y comunicación intercultural (7): 599-624.

ABSTRACT: The aim of this paper is to share and reflect on some aspects of Mexican indigenous interpreters training experience in multilingual groups. The students are then certified to work as court interpreters. The research was conducted through a doubly reflexive ethnography (Dietz, 2012) where teaching and accompanying trained interpreters and the involved institutions which participated is articulated in order to build future training experiences which may offer different answers to the social demands in Mexico. We reflect on the didactics implemented during the training process in multilingual classrooms.

internal-pdf://2442185478/Kleinert-2014-Didáctica para la formación de i.pdf.

Kleinert, Cristina V., and Christiane Stallaert. 2015. "La formación de intérpretes de lenguas indígenas para la justicia en México. Sociología de las ausencias y agencia decolonial." Sendebar: Revista de la Facultad de Traducción e Interpretación (26): 235-254.

ABSTRACT: The professionalization of community interpretation in Mexico is slowly taking shape and shows great vitality. In this paper we reflect on the development and configuration of this field in the area of indigenous interpreters training for criminal justice. Our research is based on data collected in the states of Veracruz, Puebla and Oaxaca with interpreters trained during 2011 and 2012. The study draws its qualitative data from a doubly reflexive ethnography (Dietz 2012) traversed by an auto-ethnography (Scribano 2009). The current status of the field is read from a decolonial approach (Escobar 2000, Rama 2004, Mignolo 2003) and an intercultural epistemology (Santos 2006, 2010). The analysis reveals a growing awareness and decolonial agency, although still incipient, among graduates of the training courses. When it comes to tackle the challenges of transforming the field of criminal justice in Mexico, their influence is becoming more and more visible.

La profesionalización de la interpretación en los servicios públicos en México se está conformando lentamente y muestra gran vitalidad. En este artículo se reflexiona sobre el desarrollo y configuración de este campo en el ámbito de la formación de intérpretes en lenguas indígenas para la justicia penal, con base en datos recogidos en los estados de Veracruz, Puebla y Oaxaca con intérpretes formados durante 2011 y 2012. El estudio se sustenta en datos cualitativos a partir de una etnografía doblemente reflexiva (Dietz 2012) atravesada por una autoetnografía (Scribano 2009). La situación actual del campo se lee desde un enfoque decolonial (Escobar 2003; Rama 1984; Mignolo 2003) y una epistemología intercultural (Santos 2006, 2010). El análisis devela una creciente conciencia y agencia decolonial, si bien todavía incipiente, entre egresados de los diplomados, cuyas influencias se vislumbran en los retos de transformación del campo de la justicia penal.

internal-pdf://3172685635/Kleinert-2015-La formación de intérpretes de l.pdf.

Kleinert, Cristina V., and Christiane Stallaert. 2018. "Una deuda histórica: Formación de intérpretes para la justicia en Oaxaca." Transfer: revista electrónica sobre traducción e interculturalidad 13 (1): 13-29.

ABSTRACT: En este artículo se analiza el proceso de formación de intérpretes de lenguas nacionales mexicanas llevado a cabo en 2012 en la capital del Estado de Oaxaca donde confluyeron hablantes de 17 variantes lingüísticas. Se analiza el contenido y el proceso implementado entre sociedad civil, agentes responsables de las políticas públicas del Instituto Nacional de Lenguas Indígenas (INALI) y miembros de la academia. Se presenta un panorama del tipo de formación con datos obtenidos a través de una (auto)-etnografía reflexiva llevada a cabo durante una investigación doctoral donde se registraron videos de la formación, encuestas al inicio y al final de la misma, así como entre-vistas a los intérpretes en formación (diplomantes) y otros actores implicados.

internal-pdf://0719884376/Kleinert-2018-Una deuda histórica_ Formación d.pdf.

Klubicka, F., A. Toral, and V. M. Sanchez-Cartagena. 2018. "Quantitative fine-grained human evaluation of machine translation systems: a case study on English to Croatian." Machine Translation 32 (3): 195-215. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10590-018-9214-x. <Go to ISI>://WOS:000448841400002.

ABSTRACT: This paper presents a quantitative fine-grained manual evaluation approach to comparing the performance of different machine translation (MT) systems. We build upon the well-established multidimensional quality metrics (MQM) error taxonomy and implement a novel method that assesses whether the differences in performance for MQM error types between different MT systems are statistically significant. We conduct a case study for English-to-Croatian, a language direction that involves translating into a morphologically rich language, for which we compare three MT systems belonging to different paradigms: pure phrase-based, factored phrase-based and neural. First, we design an MQM-compliant error taxonomy tailored to the relevant linguistic phenomena of Slavic languages, which made the annotation process feasible and accurate. Errors in MT outputs were then annotated by two annotators following this taxonomy. Subsequently, we carried out a statistical analysis which showed that the best-performing system (neural) reduces the errors produced by the worst system (pure phrase-based) by more than half (54%). Moreover, we conducted an additional analysis of agreement errors in which we distinguished between short (phrase-level) and long distance (sentence-level) errors. We discovered that phrase-based MT approaches are of limited use for long distance agreement phenomena, for which neural MT was found to be especially effective.

.

Kwon, Hyeyoung. 2015. "Intersectionality in Interaction: Immigrant Youth Doing American from an Outsider-Within Position." Social Problems 62 (4): 623-641. https://doi.org/10.1093/socpro/spv019.

ABSTRACT: Current sociological studies on children of immigrants largely focus on how well children integrate into U.S society. Working against this outcome-oriented framework, which undermines the importance of children's social location and situated doings, this study employs an interactional, intersectional approach to examine how bilingual youth navigate multiple inequalities when they translate for their immigrant parents. Based on 72 interviews with Mexican American and Korean American youth, my findings demonstrate that these "language brokers" confront racialized nativism and develop different interactional strategies to negotiate power imbalances pertaining to age, race, and class in different institutional contexts. Paying particular attention to structural barriers that limit the effectiveness of these strategies while highlighting their considerable agency, I argue that children of immigrants do not simply become American. Rather, they strategically use their "outsider-within" position and perform "American" behaviors in an attempt to gain social citizenship rights. This study, therefore, calls attention to how the margin, as a social location, can create moments of resistance and empowerment.

.

Lai, Miranda, and Sedat Mulayim. 2010. "Training refugees to become interpreters for refugees." Translation & Interpreting: The International Journal of Translation and Interpreting Research 2 (1): 48-60.

internal-pdf://0799009241/Lai-2010-Training refugees to become interpret.pdf.

Lázaro Gutiérrez, Raquel, and Carmen Pena Díaz. 2011. "Assessing digital literacy in translation students." In Traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos en un mundo interconectado = Public service interpreting and translation in the wild wired world [Recurso electrónico]: TISP en Internet = PSIT in WWW, 207-213. Alcalá de Henares: Universidad de Alcalá, Servicio de Publicaciones, D.L.2011.

Leanza, Yvan. 2005. "Roles of community interpreters in pediatrics as seen by interpreters, physicians and researchers." Interpreting 7 (2): 167-192.

ABSTRACT: This paper is an attempt at defining more clearly the various roles of community interpreters and the processes implicitly connected with each of them. While the role of the interpreter is a subject that has been widely discussed in the social science literature, it is less present in the biomedical one, which tends to emphasize the importance of interpreting in overcoming language barriers, rather than as a means of building bridges between patients and physicians. Hence, studies looking at interpreted medical interactions suggest that the presence of an interpreter is more beneficial to the healthcare providers than to the patient. This statement is illustrated by the results of a recent study in a pediatric outpatient clinic in Switzerland. It is suggested that, in the consultations, interpreters act mainly as linguistic agents and health system agents and rarely as community agents. This is consistent with the pediatricians’ view of the interpreter as mainly a translating machine. A new typology of the varying roles of the interpreter is proposed, outlining the relation to cultural differences maintained therein. Some recommendations for the training of interpreters and healthcare providers are suggested.

internal-pdf://0238962588/Leanza-2005-Roles of community interpreters in.pdf.

Leanza, Yvan, I. Boivin, and E. Rosenberg. 2010. "Interruptions And Resistance: A Comparison Of Medical Consultations With Family And Trained Interpreters." Soc Sci Med 70 (12): 1888-1895. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2010.02.036. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20378224.

ABSTRACT: While working with trained interpreters in health care is strongly recommended, few studies have looked at the subtle differences in communication processes between trained and "ad hoc" interpreters, such as adult family members. Using Habermas' Communicative Action Theory (CAT) which distinguishes between the Lifeworld (contextually grounded experiences) and the System (decontextualized rules), we analysed 16 family practice consultations with interpreters, 10 with a trained interpreter and 6 with a family member. We found clear differences in communication patterns between consultations with a trained interpreter and consultations with a family member as interpreter. In both cases the Lifeworld is frequently interrupted and the outcomes are similar: the Lifeworld is rarely heard and acknowledged by the physician. Physicians interrupt the Voice of the Lifeworld significantly more with a trained interpreter than with a family member. Family members and trained interpreters also interrupt the Voice of the Lifeworld just as much. However, these interruptions differ in their functions (both physicians and interpreters interrupt to keep the interview on track to meet the biomedical goals; family interpreters interrupt to control the agenda). We have identified patients' resistance when physicians ignore their Lifeworld, but this resistance is usually only transmitted by professional interpreters (and not by family interpreters). We identified specific risks of working with family interpreters: imposing their own agenda (vs. the patient's one) and controlling the consultation process. Even if the collaboration with trained interpreters becomes more widespread, work with "ad hoc" interpreters will continue to occur. Therefore, institutions should provide training and organizational support to help physicians and patients to achieve communication in all situations.

internal-pdf://2673530519/Leanza-2010-Interruptions And Resistance_ A Co.pdf.

Leaper, Campbell. 2017. "Further Reflections on Sandra Lipsitz Bem's Impact." Sex Roles 76 (11-12): 759-765. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-017-0760-0.

ABSTRACT: Over 20 years since her last published new work, Sandra Lipsitz Bem's ideas continue to inspire and influence many contemporary researchers-as reflected in the many excellent papers appearing in the two special issues of Sex Roles. In my review, I highlight how Sandra Bem was repeatedly at the vanguard of the intellectual zeitgeist that shaped the psychology of gender over the last four decades. Notably, Bem was at the forefront of second-wave feminist psychology in the 1970s. In this regard, she challenged androcentric ways of thinking about gender and sexuality. Moreover, she helped to expand our notion of gender and gender identities beyond bipolar or dichotomous models. By extension, her androgyny and gender schema theories pushed people to consider the multifaceted features of gender and sexuality. Bem heralded the benefits of greater flexibility and gender equality for children as well as adults. In addition, she was one of the first psychologists to study how language and gender divisions are intertwined. Finally, she was on the forefront of researchers addressing heterosexism and genderism. The papers appearing in the two special issues are used to illustrate each of these important contributions.

.

Lewis, M., and M. Weinraub. 1979. "Origins of Early Sex-Role Development." Sex Roles 5 (2): 135-153. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00287927.

.

Liben, Lynn S., and Rebecca S. Bigler. 2017. "Understanding and Undermining the Development of Gender Dichotomies: The Legacy of Sandra Lipsitz Bem." Sex Roles 76 (8-9): 544-555. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-015-0519-4.

ABSTRACT: Sandra Bem has profoundly affected the ways that gender, gender roles, and gender development have been conceptualized and investigated by generations of scholars. Her legacy also offers an inspiring model of how academic scholarship can promote gender-egalitarian policy and practice. In our review, we identify four ways that Bem's work has shaped gender-development scholarship in general, and our individual and collaborative programs of research in particular. The empirical research and policy we discuss are drawn primarily from the United States, the context in which Bem worked and lived. We begin by describing Bem's analysis and critique of the societal practices that establish gender as a highly salient social category in the first place. We then outline her contributions to gender-schema approaches, including her conceptual work on gender-schema theories and her empirical work on the effects of gender schematicity on memory and self-socialization. Next we review the parenting strategies Bem suggested and enacted as she attempted to raise gender aschematic, egalitarian children. In the closing section we reflect on Bem's lifelong commitment to connecting the spheres of social science research, personal life, and public policy. In addition to highlighting ways in which her work has already proven to be inspirational for our own and others' scholarship and action, we point to ways that it offers rich ideas for future research and action that may clarify gender-developmental processes and may further reduce the constraining effects of societal gender dichotomies on new generations of children.

.

Lipsitz, George. 2017. "The changing same." Social Identities 24 (1): 16-20. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504630.2017.1314926.

internal-pdf://2963988442/Lipsitz-2017-The changing same.pdf

internal-pdf://3289099552/Lipsitz-2017-The changing same1.pdf

internal-pdf://2699320483/Lipsitz-2017-The changing same2.pdf.

Lipsitz, Keena, and Jeremy M. Teigen. 2010. "Orphan Counties and the Effect of Irrelevant Information on Turnout in Statewide Races." Political Communication 27 (2): 178-198. https://doi.org/10.1080/10584601003709399.

internal-pdf://1973521089/Lipsitz-2010-Orphan Counties and the Effect of.pdf.

Littell, P., T. Tian, R. C. Xu, Z. Sheikh, D. Mortensen, L. Levin, F. Tyers, H. Hayashi, G. Horwood, S. Sloto, E. Tagtow, A. Black, Y. M. Yang, T. Mitamura, and E. Hovy. 2018. "The ARIEL-CMU situation frame detection pipeline for LoReHLT16: a model translation approach." Machine Translation 32 (1-2): 105-126. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10590-017-9205-3. <Go to ISI>://WOS:000435533400008.

ABSTRACT: The LoReHLT16 evaluation challenged participants to extract Situation Frames (SFs)-structured descriptions of humanitarian need situations-from monolingual Uyghur text. The ARIEL-CMU SF detector combines two classification paradigms, a manually curated keyword-spotting system and a machine learning classifier. These were applied by translating the models on a per-feature basis, rather than translating the input text. The resulting combined model provides the accuracy of human insight with the generality of machine learning, and is relatively tractable to human analysis and error correction. Other factors contributing to success were automatic dictionary creation, the use of phonetic transcription, detailed, hand-written morphological analysis, and naturalistic glossing for error analysis by humans. The ARIEL-CMU SF pipeline produced the top-scoring LoReHLT16 situation frame detection systems for the metrics SFType, SFType+Place+Need, SFType+Place+Relief, and SFType+Place+Urgency, at each of the three checkpoints.

.

Lucken, Karol, Jeffrey W. Rosky, and Cory Watkins. 2015. "She Said, He Said, Judge Said: Analyzing Judicial Decision Making in Civil Protection Order Hearings." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 30 (12): 2038-2066. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260514552276.

ABSTRACT: A modest body of research has examined judicial decision making in civil protection order (CPO) cases. A major finding of this prior research is that the factors expected to shape judicial responses to CPO requests are often found to be insignificant. Because such decisions are often rendered in an environment of vast judicial discretion and competing allegations, the question of what matters? assumes added importance. This study examines permanent/final restraining order (PRO) outcomes for intimate partner violence on a number of variables. Specifically, chi-square analyses were performed examining the associations between granting/denying a PRO and demographic, relationship, hearing, and allegation characteristics associated with the petitioner and respondent. These tests helped to reveal relationships at the bivariate level and aided in further model-building using logistic regression and decision-tree analysis. The findings show that the factors most associated with PRO outcomes, namely, the denial of a PRO, are those reflecting the licit rather than illicit behavior of the respondent.

.

Määttä, Simo. 2017. "Community Interpreters in Finland: A Heterogeneous Community Divided by Ethnicity." In Communities in Translation and Interpreting, edited by Kristiina Taivalkoski-Shilov, Liisa Tiittula and Maarit Koponen, 183-216. Montréal: Éditions québécoises de l’œuvre.

internal-pdf://2442185700/Määttä-2017-Community Interpreters in Finla.pdf

Määttä, Simo K. 2018. "Accuracy in telephone interpreting: the case of French as a lingua franca in Finland." The Interpreters' Newsletter: 1-17. https://doi.org/10.13137/2421-714X/22396.

ABSTRACT: This paper analyzes accuracy in authentic telephone-interpreting data in which the migrant and the interpreter communicate in French as a lingua franca, namely a language that is not their first language. The data consists of an interview conducted by a law-enforcement officer in Finland. The analysis is based on the ideational, interpersonal, and textual metafunctions of language theorized within systemic-functional grammar. The analysis shows that the particularities of both telephone-mediated interpreting and lingua-franca interpreting engender significant communication problems. As a result, accuracy is not achieved, and the interpreter has to use strategies that are questionable in terms of the codes of conduct of community and legal interpreters. The interpreter is an active agent in the co-construction, maintenance, and erasure of indexical meanings such as speaker identities. In addition, due to linguistic and contextual constraints, the interpreter takes a prominent role as a coordinator of turns. The paper suggests that interpreters’ deontological codes are based on monolithic language ideologies and unrealistic expectations that should be reconsidered to correspond to the specific features of lingua franca and telephone interpreting.

internal-pdf://2426206120/Määttä-2018-Accuracy in telephone interpreting.pdf.

Maire Maire, Svetlana. 2011. "Over-the-phone interpretation within asylum seekers´cases." In Traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos en un mundo interconectado = Public service interpreting and translation in the wild wired world [Recurso electrónico]: TISP en Internet = PSIT in WWW, 297-307. Alcalá de Henares: Universidad de Alcalá, Servicio de Publicaciones, D.L.2011.

Manfredi, Ana Belén, and Raquel Lázaro Gutiérrez. 2021. "Interpretación en los servicios públicos en la oferta académica de grado en la Argentina." Fitispos 8 (1): 122-139.

ABSTRACT: Among UN 2030 Agenda Goals, there are reducing inequalities, building sustainable cities and communities, and ensuring peace, justice, strong institutions, and good health and well- being. In order to ensure their fulfillment, each member State faces specific challenges due to their economic, politic, and educative situation.

This exploratory paper focuses on how professional interpreter training may contribute to improve each State positioning regarding those goals. A specialized public service interpreter is the best asset to ensure equal access to different public services offered by modern cities.

Specially, this paper focuses on undergraduate courses in Argentina –how many programs provide students with training in Public Service Interpreting. Specific curricula characteristics will be analyzed to firstly conclude that, even though Public Service Interpreting is not fully taught, undergraduate students receive training in key skills to professionally develop later. Nevertheless, to be prepared to face today’s world, it is essential to deepen the students training in Public Service Interpreting.

internal-pdf://3006967403/Manfredi-2021-Interpretación en los servicios.pdf.

Martin, Anne. 2000. "La Interpretación Social en España." In Aspectos profesionales de la Traducción y la Interpretación en España, edited by Dorothy Kelly, 207-223. Granada: Comares.

Martin, Anne. 2006. "La realidad de la traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos en Andalucía." Revista española de lingüística aplicada 1: 129-150.

internal-pdf://1457484706/Martin-2006-La realidad de la traducción e int.pdf.

Martín Ruano, Maria Rosario. 2017. "Developing Public Service Translation and Interpreting Under the Paradigm of Recognition: Towards Diversity-Sensitive Discourses on Ethics in PSIT." In Ideology, Ethics and Policy Development in Public Service Interpreting and Translation, edited by Carmen Valero and Rebeca Tripton, 21-37. Bristol: Multilingual Matters.

Mazheyko, Ksenia. 2011. "ICTs for intercultural communication: new perspective of investigation in linguistics, T&I." In Traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos en un mundo interconectado = Public service interpreting and translation in the wild wired world [Recurso electrónico]: TISP en Internet = PSIT in WWW, 67-73. Alcalá de Henares: Universidad de Alcalá, Servicio de Publicaciones, D.L.2011.

McCollum, David, Elina Apsite-Berina, Maris Berzins, and Zaiga Krisjane. 2016. "Overcoming the crisis: the changing profile and trajectories of Latvian migrants." Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 43 (9): 1508-1525. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183x.2016.1232161.

internal-pdf://1237979881/McCollum-2016-Overcoming the crisis_ the chang.pdf.

Mikkelson, Holly. 1996. "Community interpreting. An emerging profession." Interpreting 1 (1): 125-129. https://doi.org/10.1075/intp.l.l.08mik.

ABSTRACT: Public services (hospitals, schools, police, social services, justice, etc.) increasingly call upon translators to enable communication with linguistic minorities in countries with a high percentage of immigration. The author retraces the history of the development of this profession.

internal-pdf://4254398287/Mikkelson-1996-Community interpreting. An emer.pdf.

Mikkelson, Holly. 2005. "Carmen Valero Garcés and Guzmán Mancho Barés (Eds.). Traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos: Nuevas necesidades para nuevas realidades / Community Interpreting and Translating: New Needs for New Realities." Interpreting 7 (2): 303-308.

internal-pdf://2407636595/Mikkelson-2005-Carmen Valero Garcés and Guzmán.pdf.

Mirea, Carmen Gabriela, and Hadasa Camelia Ploscar. 2011. "Traducción literaria, traducción jurídica y corpus de concordancia." In Traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos en un mundo interconectado = Public service interpreting and translation in the wild wired world [Recurso electrónico]: TISP en Internet = PSIT in WWW, 74-82. Alcalá de Henares: Universidad de Alcalá, Servicio de Publicaciones, D.L.2011.

Molinari, Giorgia. 2011. "Applying the "cultural turn" to the current norms of community interpreting in the health sector: questions and implication." In Traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos en un mundo interconectado = Public service interpreting and translation in the wild wired world [Recurso electrónico]: TISP en Internet = PSIT in WWW, 308-318. Alcalá de Henares: Universidad de Alcalá, Servicio de Publicaciones, D.L.2011.

Molledo Pérez, Paloma. 2011. "La audiodescripción, una modalidad de traducción intersemiótica." In Traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos en un mundo interconectado = Public service interpreting and translation in the wild wired world [Recurso electrónico]: TISP en Internet = PSIT in WWW, 83-92. Alcalá de Henares: Universidad de Alcalá, Servicio de Publicaciones, D.L.2011.

Monzó-Nebot, Esther, and Melissa Wallace. 2020. "Research methods in public service interpreting and translation studies: Epistemologies of knowledge and ignorance." FITISPos International Journal 7: 15-30. https://doi.org/10.37536/FITISPos-IJ.2020.7.1.261. https://fitisposij.web.uah.es/OJS/index.php/fitispos/article/view/261/pdf_1.

ABSTRACT: How disciplines approach their objects of inquiry is a result of their epistemological traditions, which include decisions about what they choose to examine and what they decide to ignore. As an interdiscipline, Interpreting and Translation Studies (ITS) was born to overcome the limits of discipline-specific approaches to translation and interpreting, and when observing complex real-life phenomena, examining issues through an interdisciplinary lens can reveal things that approaches from single disciplines on their own would miss. This feature article reviews how ITS has shaped Public Service Interpreting and Translation (PSIT), focusing specifically on the advantages and vulnerabilities that its interdisciplinary nature yields as regards research methods. Three distinctive features and their impact on research methods are examined: (1) the complexity of the object of inquiry, (2) the novelty of the disciplinary field that aims to scrutinize and to explain PSIT, and (3) the changes that the social sciences in general have undergone and are currently undergoing, opening up new opportunities for research practices and methodological reflections. Contemplations of these features reveal issues identified and the efforts undertaken to tackle them in relation to the internal and external validity of research studies as well as unexplored strengths and roadblocks in the path towards achieving a critical mass of studies that can adequately represent the relevance of PSIT in contemporary societies.

internal-pdf://3829175432/Monzó-Nebot-2020-Research methods in public se.pdf.

Moradi, Sharif, Hamid Mahdizadeh, Tomo Saric, Johnny Kim, Javad Harati, Hosein Shahsavarani, Boris Greber, and Joseph B. Moore. 2019. "Research and therapy with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs): social, legal, and ethical considerations." Stem Cell Research & Therapy 10 (1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13287-019-1455-y.

ABSTRACT: Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can self-renew indefinitely in culture and differentiate into all specialized cell types including gametes. iPSCs do not exist naturally and are instead generated ("induced" or "reprogrammed") in culture from somatic cells through ectopic co-expression of defined pluripotency factors. Since they can be generated from any healthy person or patient, iPSCs are considered as a valuable resource for regenerative medicine to replace diseased or damaged tissues. In addition, reprogramming technology has provided a powerful tool to study mechanisms of cell fate decisions and to model human diseases, thereby substantially potentiating the possibility to (i) discover new drugs in screening formats and (ii) treat life-threatening diseases through cell therapy-based strategies. However, various legal and ethical barriers arise when aiming to exploit the full potential of iPSCs to minimize abuse or unauthorized utilization. In this review, we discuss bioethical, legal, and societal concerns associated with research and therapy using iPSCs. Furthermore, we present key questions and suggestions for stem cell scientists, legal authorities, and social activists investigating and working in this field.

.

Muhtadie, Luma, Katrina Koslov, Modupe Akinola, and Wendy Berry Mendes. 2015. "Vagal Flexibility: A Physiological Predictor of Social Sensitivity." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 109 (1): 106-120. https://doi.org/10.1037/pspp0000016.

ABSTRACT: This research explores vagal flexibility-dynamic modulation of cardiac vagal control-as an individual-level physiological index of social sensitivity. In 4 studies, we test the hypothesis that individuals with greater cardiac vagal flexibility, operationalized as higher cardiac vagal tone at rest and greater cardiac vagal withdrawal (indexed by a decrease in respiratory sinus arrhythmia) during cognitive or attentional demand, perceive social-emotional information more accurately and show greater sensitivity to their social context. Study 1 sets the foundation for this investigation by establishing that vagal flexibility can be elicited consistently in the laboratory and reliably over time. Study 2 demonstrates that vagal flexibility has different associations with psychological characteristics than does vagal tone, and that these characteristics are primarily social in nature. Study 3 links individual differences in vagal flexibility with accurate detection of social and emotional cues depicted in still facial images. Study 4 demonstrates that individuals with greater vagal flexibility respond to dynamic social feedback in a more context-sensitive manner than do individuals with less vagal flexibility. Specifically, compared with their less flexible counterparts, individuals with greater vagal flexibility, when assigned to receive negative social feedback, report more shame, show more pronounced blood pressure responses, and display less sociable behavior, but when receiving positive social feedback display more sociable behavior. Taken together, these findings suggest that vagal flexibility is a useful individual difference physiological predictor of social sensitivity, which may have implications for clinical, developmental, and health psychologists.

.

Murgu, Dora, and Sandra Jiménez. 2011. "La formación de un intérprete telefónico." In Traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos en un mundo interconectado = Public service interpreting and translation in the wild wired world [Recurso electrónico]: TISP en Internet = PSIT in WWW, 214-219. Alcalá de Henares: Universidad de Alcalá, Servicio de Publicaciones, D.L.2011.

N. Petruscu, Olivia. 2011. "El Tribunal Justicia de la Unión Europea: Jurisprudencia en Internet y su aplicación a la traducción de textos jurídicos." In Traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos en un mundo interconectado = Public service interpreting and translation in the wild wired world [Recurso electrónico]: TISP en Internet = PSIT in WWW, 220-231. Alcalá de Henares: Universidad de Alcalá, Servicio de Publicaciones, D.L.2011.

Nevado Llopis, Almudena. 2014. "El proceso de enseñanza/aprendizaje de los principios éticos en las materias universitarias de traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos." In (Re) considerando ética e ideología en situaciones de conflicto = (Re) visisiting ethics and ideology in situations of conflict, edited by Carmen Valero-Garcés and Bianca Vitalaru, 251-262. Alcalá: Universidad de Alcalá.

internal-pdf://3006967412/Nevado Llopis-2014-El proceso de enseñanza_apr.pdf

Niittyinperä, Ulla. 2011. "Mobile an video intepreting in finnish sign language intepreting." In Traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos en un mundo interconectado = Public service interpreting and translation in the wild wired world [Recurso electrónico]: TISP en Internet = PSIT in WWW, 319-325. Alcalá de Henares: Universidad de Alcalá, Servicio de Publicaciones, D.L.2011.

Nord, Christiane. 2003. "“Persons Shall Not Be Discriminated on Account of Language”.

Training Interpreters for the Community and the Courtroom." Across Languages and Cultures 4 (2): 253-264. https://doi.org/doi:10.1556/Acr.4.2003.2.6. http://www.akademiai.com/doi/abs/10.1556/Acr.4.2003.2.6.

ABSTRACT: De iure, all democratic countries recognize the rights of citizens or immigrants who have a limited or no command of the national language. Nevertheless, de facto, these rights are often neglected, especially in administrative authorities, healthcare services, and even in law courts, where - often literally - matters of life and death are at stake. The paper describes the structure and underlying philosophy of an International Bachelor's degree programme in Court and Community Interpreting that was established at the Department of Technical Communication of the University of Applied Sciences of Magdeburg, Germany (Hochschule Magdeburg-Stendal) in 1999. Modularisation, internationalisation, interdisciplinarity, language-independent training, and the ethics of intercultural mediation are the basic principles of the programme. This means that the programme's purpose is to make the most of scarce resources by means of a modular structure and close cooperation between Faculties and Institutions at home and abroad, training professional intermediaries for a modern multicultural society.

internal-pdf://3006967898/Nord-2003-“Persons Shall Not Be Discriminated.pdf.

O'Rourke, Bernadette, and Pedro Castillo Ortiz. 2009. "‘Top-down’ or ‘bottom-up’? Language policies in public service interpreting in the Republic of Ireland, Scotland and Spain." In Interpreting and Translating in Public Service Settings: Policy, Pedagogy and Practice, edited by Raquel de Pedro Ricoy, Isabelle Perez and Christine Wilson, 33-51. Amsterdam: St. Jerome.

Olalla Fernández, Pilar. 2006. "El intérprete en la investigación policial." Revista española de lingüística aplicada Extra 1: 239-248.

ABSTRACT: Este artículo da una idea general de lo que un intérprete puede aportar dentro de la labor policial, concretamente dentro de la investigación. En este campo, el trabajo del intérprete resulta incuestionable sobre todo cuando la multiculturalidad se refleja en todos los aspectos de la vida. Las nuevas características sociales que confor- man el escenario de trabajo policial, implican un cambio de las estructuras tradicionales. Factores como la flexibilidad, la adaptación y el conocimiento de las lenguas y culturas presentes en nuestra realidad constituyen una garantía de éxito en lo que a investigación policial se refiere. El intérprete será en este caso nuestro puente entre cul- turas y nuestro guía. Interpretar un idioma es interpretar una cultura, no es posible tra- ducir con precisión si antes no se ha interiorizado la cultura y las connotaciones del que habla. Los razonamientos, los planteamientos y los recursos expresivos no tienen porque ser comunes a todas las culturas.

internal-pdf://2062686016/Olalla Fernánde-2006-El intérprete en la inves.pdf.

Ortega Herráez, Juan Miguel. 2011. "El uso, no uso o abuso de las nuevas tecnologías en la práctica profesional de la traducción y de la interpretación en contextos policiales." In Traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos en un mundo interconectado = Public service interpreting and translation in the wild wired world [Recurso electrónico]: TISP en Internet = PSIT in WWW, 93-115. Alcalá de Henares: Universidad de Alcalá, Servicio de Publicaciones, D.L.2011.

Ortega Herráez, Juan Miguel, and Ana Isabel Foulquié Rubio. 2008. "Interpreting in police settings in Spain: Service providers' and interpreters' perspectives." In Crossing Borders in Community Interpreting. Definitions and Dilemmas, edited by Carmen Valero Garcés and Anne Martin, 123-146. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

ABSTRACT: Interpreting in police settings, as part of public service interpreting, is a field that still lacks empirical and scholarly research which could contribute to shedding light on matters such as service provision and lack of professionalization, crucial aspects that have an influence on the role of the interpreter and which may be at the source of numerous conflicts. Although current legislation in Spain guarantees the right of those detainees who are not proficient in the majority language to be assisted by an interpreter during police proceedings, in practice the situation is much more complex. The intervention of an interpreter is required in many scenarios other than just in detainees questioning: transcription-translation of tapped telephone conversations, interpreting for crime victims, translation-data analysis during police investigations, provision of information to people reporting a crime, etc. Given such a wide range of functions, it is clear that interpreters may find themselves in situations that conflict with what is supposed to be their prescribed role. Likewise, despite the provisions in force guaranteeing the presence of an interpreter during questioning, Spanish legislation lags behind social needs, and this creates numerous problems in aspects such as interpreter intervention, the interpreters role as cross-cultural and language mediator and the adequate provision of interpreting services. On the basis of evidence acquired through questionnaires and interviews, this chapter analyses both service providers and interpreters perspectives on the role of the interpreter, the conflicts that may arise as a result and the limits to their functions, all within the framework of current interpreting service provision practices in Spanish police settings.

Ostarhild, Edda. 1998. "The International Collaboration in Setting Public Service Interpreting Equivalencies." Critical Link 2.

Abstract: This paper recognizes the need for qualified public service interpreters around the world, and therefore the need to establish workable equivalencies across languages and cultures for selection, training (knowledge and interpreting skills), assessment, working arrangements for interpreters, codes of conduct, continuing professional development (CDP) and transnational mobility. The author sets out how representatives from countries with different languages and legal and social structures may work together to achieve these essentials by identifying a common core, involving training organizations, course providers and representatives of legal, public health and social agencies.

internal-pdf://0600434358/Ostarhild-1998-The International Collaboration.pdf

Ozolins, Uldis. 2009. "Back translation as a means of giving translators a voice." Translation & Interpreting: The International Journal of Translation and Interpreting Research 1 (2): 55-70.

ABSTRACT: While relatively little attention has been paid in translation literature to issues of back translation, and translators often express negative views about its validity, this methodology has become entrenched in a large field of translation particularly in international medical and psychosocial translation, and is promoted by bodies such as the World Health Organization. While some of the specific methodologies appear to have a mechanical view of back translation, this article argues that a suitable methodology of back translation can not only be a useful means of quality control if carefully used, but can perhaps unexpectedly put the translator in a position of having a voice vis a vis the clients, and be able to do what is too rarely the case in translation project management – establish an ongoing dialogue between a translator and client for mutual benefit. This article presents a case study of the translation of a medical diagnostic tool for prioritising hip and knee surgery in Melbourne, Australia, which employed a back translation methodology and resulted in robust interaction between authors and translators.

internal-pdf://2159154836/Ozolins-2009-Back translation as a means of gi.pdf.

Ozolins, Uldis. 2010. "Factors that determine the provision of Public Service Interpreting: comparative perspectives on government motivation and language service implementation." Journal of Specialised Translation 14 (1): 194-215.

internal-pdf://3270641668/Ozolins-2010-Factors that determine the provis.pdf.

Ozolins, Uldis. 2014. "Descriptions of interpreting and their ethical consequences." FITISPos International Journal 1: 23-41.

ABSTRACT: The current array of descriptions that are given of interpreting outside the conference room has bedeviled the field: from ‘community interpreting’ to ‘dialogue interpreting’ to ‘public service interpreting’ to ‘ad hoc interpreting’ to ‘non-professional interpreting’. Some descriptions avoid ‘interpreting’ altogether – ‘linguistic mediation’, ‘cultural mediation’, etc. Significantly, self-ascription by the practitioners themselves often does not match these imposed descriptions. Yet each description carries with it, implicitly or explicitly, a specific view of ethics, tied closely to perceived roles of interpreters, but often encompassing assumptions about tasks, personal or professional characteristics, or status. This messy terminological terrain is surveyed to reveal some altogether clear distinctions that can help our understanding of differentiating and common elements in interpreting. Building on that, the ethical implications of different descriptions are categorised to show that ethical responsibility in interpreting situations rests not with the interpreters alone, but with other players, particularly institutional players, in contracting language services.

internal-pdf://2426206195/Ozolins-2014-Descriptions of interpreting and1.pdf.

Painca, Diana. 2021. "Re-enacting the past: the translation of performativity in oral history interviews." Fitispos 8 (1): 66-78.

internal-pdf://0304088321/Painca-2021-Re-enacting the past_ the translat.pdf.

Pajarín Canales, Angélica. 2011. "La percepción del papel del intérprete ante los Tribunales por parte de los juristas: análisis de perspectivas y utilización de las TIC para su formación y concienciación." In Traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos en un mundo interconectado = Public service interpreting and translation in the wild wired world [Recurso electrónico]: TISP en Internet = PSIT in WWW, 116-125. Alcalá de Henares: Universidad de Alcalá, Servicio de Publicaciones, D.L.2011.

Pearl, Stephen. 1995. "Lacuna, myth and shibboleth in the teaching of simultaneous interpreting." Perspectives 3 (2): 161-190. https://doi.org/10.1080/0907676X.1995.9961259. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0907676X.1995.9961259.

ABSTRACT: Abstract Written by a practicing intepreter, this article is a critical appraisal of some widely held dogmas and a general failure to address some uncomfortable facts of interpreting life. The author first challenges the widespread injunction to ?translate the meaning not the words?, and offers many instances of why it is counterproductive and does not work. He then turns to the ?2 F's?, namely that simultaneous interpreting is Finite and Fallible. He discusses the adverse effects of ?denial? of the ?2 F's? by the profession and its clients. He questions the role played by consecutive interpreting at many institutions even today, e.g. a) as an aptitude test, b) as a prerequisite for admission to training for and qualification as interpreter, and c) as a training method for simultaneous interpreting, and he discusses the psychological and historical roots of the ascendancy of this approach. The author argues that the case for ?shadowing? as an aptitude test and a training method for simultaneous interpreting is ill?founded. The author points out that experience and common sense dictate that the doctrine of the superiority of interpreting from the mother tongue to the second language is also illogical and lacks ? as do most of the other shibboleths, the evidence from ?results?. All through the discussion, the author shows the influence of ?psittacismophobia? (the irrational fear of ?parroting? or being perceived as ?parroting') behind many of the accepted dogmas about simultaneous interpreting and the teaching of it.

Written by a practicing intepreter, this article is a critical appraisal of some widely held dogmas and a general failure to address some uncomfortable facts of interpreting life. The author first challenges the widespread injunction to ?translate the meaning not the words?, and offers many instances of why it is counterproductive and does not work. He then turns to the ?2 F's?, namely that simultaneous interpreting is Finite and Fallible. He discusses the adverse effects of ?denial? of the ?2 F's? by the profession and its clients. He questions the role played by consecutive interpreting at many institutions even today, e.g. a) as an aptitude test, b) as a prerequisite for admission to training for and qualification as interpreter, and c) as a training method for simultaneous interpreting, and he discusses the psychological and historical roots of the ascendancy of this approach. The author argues that the case for ?shadowing? as an aptitude test and a training method for simultaneous interpreting is ill?founded. The author points out that experience and common sense dictate that the doctrine of the superiority of interpreting from the mother tongue to the second language is also illogical and lacks ? as do most of the other shibboleths, the evidence from ?results?. All through the discussion, the author shows the influence of ?psittacismophobia? (the irrational fear of ?parroting? or being perceived as ?parroting') behind many of the accepted dogmas about simultaneous interpreting and the teaching of it.

internal-pdf://2442186034/Pearl-1995-Lacuna, myth and shibboleth in the.pdf.

Pena, Carmen. 2016. "Public Service Interpreting and Translation (PSIT) as a Social Integration Tool." New Voices in Translation Studies 14.

ABSTRACT: Interpreting and translation are an essential tool for the social integration of linguistic minorities, especially in public services, where they are a fundamental means of overcoming miscommunication between professionals and users. The purpose of this paper is to provide a case study of PSIT (Public Service Interpreting and Translation) in Spain from a pragmatic perspective in order to gain new information about specific linguistic minorities and to understand the barriers which are causing communication problems.

At the Universidad de Alcalá we have carried out the design, coordination and monitoring of a team of healthcare mediators (PSIT). Our study is based on the hypothesis that mediators are essential for the proper development of intercultural communicative acts in contexts such as those that concern us, translation and interpreting being in most cases the only means of breaking down communication barriers. We analyzed surveys carried out on health professionals and patients in order to specify the type of difficulties encountered in their quest to improve communication between interactants.

internal-pdf://0349517381/Pena-2016-Public Service Interpreting and Tran.pdf.

Pepperberg, Irene M. 2018. "Insights into Vocal Imitation in African Grey Parrots (Psittacus erithacus)." In Perspectives on Imitation : From Neuroscience to Social Science - Volume 1: Mechanisms of Imitation and Imitation in Animals, edited by Susan Hurley and Nick Chater. MIT Press.

internal-pdf://1101513338/Pepperberg-2018-Insights into Vocal Imitation.pdf

Phelan, Mary, Mette Rudvin, Hanne Skaaaden, and Patrick Stefan Kermit, eds. 2020. Ethics in Public Service Interpreting. London: Routledge.

Philip, Thomas M. 2019. "Principled Improvisation to Support Novice Teacher Learning." Teachers College Record 121 (6).

ABSTRACT: Background: A significant body of scholarship has highlighted the importance of improvisation in teaching, particularly the interactional and responsive creativity that is required for teachers to co-construct meaning with students. However, recent efforts inside and outside university-based teacher education have pushed against novice teacher learning through improvisation, preferring to focus on the "practicing" of identifiable components or discrete techniques of teaching. Purpose: Based on an expansive view of practice, I argue that improvisation is inextricably connected to practice and illustrate that the marginalization of improvisation limits opportunities for novice teachers to learn the relational aspects of teaching. I develop the concept of principled improvisation: improvisation that is purposefully oriented toward justice and that accentuates each moment of teaching as political, ethical, and consequential. I describe the design of a learning environment for preservice teachers that was organized around principled improvisation and demonstrate its unique affordances for particular forms of novice teacher learning. Research Design: Based on a close reading of novice teachers' weekly reflections and audio recordings and field notes from the whole-class discussions, I highlight five examples of practice guided by principled improvisation that span a diversity of participants, contexts, and scale. These illustrative cases are not meant to systematically characterize all instances of practice guided by principled improvisation in the course; rather, they are meant to be invitations to grapple with new pedagogical and learning possibilities (and limitations) that emerge when teacher education is organized around principled improvisation. In particular, I explore how learning to listen played prominently in teacher practice guided by principled improvisation and examine how the opportunity to narrate, re-narrate, and re-envision experiences allowed novice teachers to learn and collectively build place-relevant theory. Conclusions: The opportunities to learn to recognize emotion, listen, see race in place, consider political expression, and make sense of power across scales were significant aspects of the relational work of teachers that were learned by organizing novice teacher learning around principled improvisation. These forms of learning could not have taken place if the experiences of the novice teacher were only organized around the rehearsal of components of teaching. It required teaching in a complex space that connects self and interactions in place to larger structures and ideologies in society.

.

Planet Contreras, Ana Isabel. 2007. "Recent History of the Maghreb: A Sociological Approach." Language and Intercultural Communication 7 (2): 109-121. https://doi.org/10.2167/laic231.0.

internal-pdf://4278542400/Planet Contrera-2007-Recent History of the Mag.pdf.

Pleck, J. H. 1975. "Masculinity-Femininity - Current and Alternative Paradigms." Sex Roles 1 (2): 161-178. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00288009.

.

Pöchhacker, Franz. 2001. "Quality Assessment in Conference and Community Interpreting." Meta: Journal des traducteurs 46 (2): 410-425. https://doi.org/10.7202/003847ar.

ABSTRACT: On the assumption that interpreting can and should be viewed within a conceptual spectrum from international to intra-social spheres of interaction, and that high standards of quality need to be ensured in any of its professional domains, the paper surveys the state of the art in Interpreting Studies in search of conceptual and methodological tools for the empirical study and assessment of quality. Based on a selective review of research approaches and findings for various aspects of quality and types of interpreting, it is argued that there is enough common ground to hope for some cross-fertilization between research on quality assessment in different areas along the typological spectrum of interpreting activity. -

internal-pdf://0662092716/Pöchhacker-2001-Quality Assessment in Conferen.pdf.

Pokorn, Nike K., and Tamara Mikolič Južnič. 2020. "Community interpreters versus intercultural mediators: Is it really all about ethics?" Translation and Interpreting Studies 15 (1): 80-107.

ABSTRACT: This article compares the professional profile of community interpreters to that of a particular group of intercultural mediators who work as non- professional, untrained interpreters, mainly in healthcare settings. Through a textual comparison of 13 deontological documents for community inter- preters and intercultural mediators, this article investigates differences in the ethical positioning of these two profiles. The results show that while the codes of ethics of community interpreters tend to emphasize impartiality, the documents defining the emerging profile of intercultural mediators posi- tion advocacy more prominently. Beyond the differences in ethical position- ing, the article also considers other reasons for the formation of this new profile and outlines several challenges related to the partial overlap between the two profiles, which include distorted definitions of the interpreter’s com- petences and performance, conceptual confusion in the research literature, and mismatched expectations of language services consumers.

internal-pdf://3516616179/Pokorn-2020-Community interpreters versus inte.pdf.

Pöllabauer, Sonja. 2001. "Nema problema, alles paletti...? Community Interpreting aus der Sicht von NGOs. Eine empirische Erhebung der Situation in Graz." In Dolmetschen. Beiträge aus Forschung, Lehre und Praxisaching Theology & Religion, edited by Andreas Kelletat, 65-78. Frankfurt a. M.: Peter Lang.

ABSTRACT: Based on an overview of the problematic situation in the field of Community Interpreting (CI), this article presents some of the results of an empirical study carried out in 1998 as part of a diploma thesis at the Interpreting Institute of the University of Graz. Community Interpreting - was ist das? The answer was a very striking description by Patricia Burley: "Generally, community interpreting requires a great number of skills, is grossly underpaid and has low status. It is not glamorous but demanding; it involves having a rnissionary spirit and developing a thick skin." (Burley 149). The results of the present survey prove that this is no exaggeration.

internal-pdf://2027907664/Pöllabauer-2001-Nema problema, alles paletti.pdf

Pöllabauer, Sonja. 2004. "Interpreting in asylum hearings: Issues of role, responsibility and power." Interpreting 6 (2): 143-180.

ABSTRACT: This paper focuses on interpreting in asylum hearings, a field of research thus far largely neglected in Translation Studies. Specifically, it is based on a discourse analytical study of authentic asylum hearings recorded at the Federal Asylum Office in Graz (Austria). Some aspects of the role and responsibilities of interpreters are discussed. The results clearly suggest that interpreters in asylum hearings frequently assume discrepant roles which may at times be determined by the perceived expectations of the officers in charge, and that these roles are not clear-cut. Interpreters are found to shorten and paraphrase statements, volunteer explanations, try to save their own — and if possible, also the other participants’ — face, and intervene if they deem it necessary.

internal-pdf://2027907657/Pöllabauer-2004-Interpreting in asylum hearing.pdf.

Pöllabauer, Sonja. 2012. "Gatekeeping Practices in Interpreted Social Service Encounters." Meta: Journal des traducteurs 57 (1): 213-234. https://doi.org/10.7202/1012750ar.

ABSTRACT: This paper presents results gathered from a project implemented by an interdisciplinary project team between 2007 and 2009, which focused on interpreting in social service and welfare institutions (Community Interpreting und Kommunikationsqualität im Sozial- und Gesundheitswesen [Community Interpreting and Communication Quality in Social Service and Healthcare Institutions]). One of the aspects investigated by the project was the interpreting practice at two Austrian municipal social service and welfare institutions via in-depth interviews and recordings of authentic interpreter-mediated encounters. After a brief overview of the history of gatekeeping theory and the application of the gatekeeping concept in Translation and Interpreting Studies, some of the project results are analysed using one specific model of gatekeeping theory proposed by Shoemaker and Vos in 2009. Taking a leaf from this work, the analysis is based on five different levels, namely the individual level, communication routines, the organisation level, the social institutional level, and the social system level. The analysis investigates “gates” present in the communication routines at the two institutions and which may prevent non-German speaking clients from full access and understanding, as well as the role of interpreters as “gatekeepers.” -

internal-pdf://1452564430/Pöllabauer-2012-Gatekeeping Practices in Inter.pdf.

Pöllabauer, Sonja. 2013. "Community Interpreting." In The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics, edited by Carol A. Chapelle, 746–753. London: Blackwell.

ABSTRACT: Community interpreting (CI) refers to interpreting in public service institutions and differs from other types of interpreting in a number of aspects (e.g., mode of delivery, interaction situation, level of formality/orality present, level of interpreter involvement, status and roles of the participants, level of professionalization, and power asymmetries) (Hale, 2007, p. 31). Compared to conference interpreting, which has achieved the highest level of professionalization within the interpreting world since the 1950s (Pöchhacker, 2004, p. 29), CI is sometimes described as “the poor relation” (Mason, 2001, p. i), a phrase which reflects the status CI has had in the interpreting community until recently. In spite of its low prestige, CI can be said to be one of the most common and oldest types of interpreting (Roberts, 2002, p. 157). Through the centuries, interpreters have had to bridge communication barriers between speakers of different languages and cultures. In interpreting studies (IS), CI has long been neglected. Throughout the 1990s it has gradually become an accepted field of research (Pöchhacker, 2004, pp. 28–9). With respect to practice and training though, its professionalization and acceptance among practitioners, clients, and the public still varies, with a high level of service provision in only a few pioneer countries and the majority of countries lagging behind. This entry will provide an overview of different aspects of CI, the state of training and CI research. It attempts to address both spoken and signed language (SL) interpreting, specifically highlighting aspects in which SL, which enjoys a higher degree of professionalization, differs from spoken-language interpreting.

internal-pdf://0304088590/Pöllabauer-2013-Community Interpreting.pdf

Pöllabauer, Sonja. 2017. "Issues of terminology in public service interpreting. From affordability through psychotherapy to waiting lists." In Non-professional Interpreting and Translation: state of the art and future of an emerging field of research, edited by Rachele Antonini, Letizia Cirillo, Linda Rossato and Ira Torresi. Amsterdam, Philadelphia: John Benjamins.

ABSTRACT: This chapter focuses on interpreter-mediated institutional encounters and specialist language. Based on Niska’s (1998a; 1998b) and Valero-Garcés’(2005) taxonomies of strategies for translating specialist terminology, the author analyses instances of specialist language in a corpus of recordings of institutional encounters, and discusses which strategies are used by the interpreters to render specialist terms. The data were collected between 2007 and 2009 as part of an interdisciplinary project called “Community Interpreting and Communication Quality in Social Service and Healthcare Institutions.”

internal-pdf://3617317988/Pöllabauer-2017-Issues of terminology in publi.pdf

Ponce Márquez, Nuria. 2011. "Interpretación social y mediación intercultural: juntos pero no revueltos. El caso de Sevilla acoge." In Traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos en un mundo interconectado = Public service interpreting and translation in the wild wired world [Recurso electrónico]: TISP en Internet = PSIT in WWW, 232-240. Alcalá de Henares: Universidad de Alcalá, Servicio de Publicaciones, D.L.2011.

Pozo Triviño, María Isabel del. 2011. "Formación de intérpretes para los servicios públicos con ayuda de MOODLE." In Traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos en un mundo interconectado = Public service interpreting and translation in the wild wired world [Recurso electrónico]: TISP en Internet = PSIT in WWW, 162-170. Alcalá de Henares: Universidad de Alcalá, Servicio de Publicaciones, D.L.2011.

Raga Gimeno, Francisco. 2006. "Comunicación intercultural y mediación en el ámbito sanitario." Revista española de lingüística aplicada Extra 1: 217-230.

internal-pdf://4076659353/Raga Gimeno-2006-Comunicación intercultural y.pdf.

Rillof, Pascal, and Lieven Buysse. 2015. "Getting organized to beat Babel in multilingual service encounters: The European Network for Public Service Interpreting and Translation (ENPSIT)." Translation & Interpreting: The International Journal of Translation and Interpreting Research 7 (3): 186-197.

ABSTRACT: People are on the move, coming in from beyond the borders of the European Union and circulating within it. Our major cities in particular are rapidly becoming "super-diverse" communities with many different (cultural) minorities. Many immigrant groups are, at least in the initial phase of their residence in a new community, often unable to communicate effectively in the official language. This poses important challenges for public service providers, who ought to be able to ensure equal access to their services to anyone who requires them. Yet, not all public service providers in Europe are prepared or equipped to operate in such a multilingual environment, and in many countries both comprehensive policies and structural funding are still lacking. As a result, public service interpreting and translation are available and made use of very unevenly. Following earlier initiatives to put public service interpreting and translation (PSIT) on the agendas of the European Commission and EU member states, such as the report drawn up by the European Language Council's Special Interest Group on Translation and Interpreting for Public Services (SIGTIPS) in 2011, more recently the European Network for Public Service Interpreting and Translation (ENPSIT) was founded. Its main aims are to have the right to high-quality language assistance in service contexts officially recognized, and to see the development of (harmonized) public service interpreter and translator training, assessment and accreditation across the EU. This paper sketches (i) the societal framework within which PSIT provision is organized, (ii) how ENPSIT wishes to deploy strategies to influence European and national policy-making as well as foster excellent PSIT training and quality assurance, and (iii) how the fight for optimal communication in public services is not, nor should be, restricted to improving PSIT.

internal-pdf://3829175661/Rillof-2015-Getting organized to beat Babel in.pdf.

Rose, K. A. 1999. "A survey of the accessibility of chiropractic clinics to the disabled." Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 22 (8): 523-529. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0161-4754(99)70004-7.

ABSTRACT: Objective: To determine to what degree chiropractic clinics are complying with the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), which mandates that health care clinics be accessible to the disabled. Methods: A survey was developed and mailed to 200 chiropractic clinics in Orange and Los Angeles counties. The survey asked about the essential necessities for health care clinics to be accessible to the wheelchair-bound, the blind, and the deaf. It also sought to discover how many disabled patients these clinics were treating and the attitudes of practitioners and staff toward this population. Results: The response rate was 50.5%. Accessibility for the wheelchair-bound was high. Accessibility for the blind was limited by a lack of Braille signs. Accessibility to the deaf was limited by lack of telecommunications device for the deaf or use of sign language interpreters. Most clinics were treating few or no disabled patients and did not perceive a need to become more accessible. Conclusion: There appears to be poor compliance with the ADA in chiropractic clinics in Los Angeles and Orange counties. Although data are lacking, it appears likely that the disabled population is being underserved by the chiropractic profession. Education for chiropractors on the rights and needs of the disabled population is necessary to give this group equal access to chiropractic health care.

.

Rosendo, Lucía Ruiz. 2018. "Translating in extremis." The European Legacy 23 (7-8): 857-862. https://doi.org/10.1080/10848770.2018.1486111.

ABSTRACT: Review of Interpreting in Nazi Concentration Camps, edited by Michaela Wolf, New York,

Bloomsbury, 2016, ix + 232 pp., $30.99 (paper)

internal-pdf://2489630210/Rosendo-2018-Translating in extremis.pdf.

Rudvin, Mette. 2007. "Professionalism and ethics in community interpreting: The impact of individualist versus collective group identity." Interpreting 9 (1): 47-69. https://doi.org/10.1075/intp.9.1.04rud.

ABSTRACT: This paper focuses on the relationship between professionalism and cultural constructions of selfhood, in particular the differences between group-based and individual-based identity-building processes. The underlying assumption is that the interpreter’s cultural parameters affect his/her view of professional role and professionalism. This assumption raises the question of whether or not s/he is also guided (consciously or unconsciously) by the host country’s understanding of ethics and professionalism and whether these two potentially opposing values tend to converge over time. The paper argues that because community interpret- ing as a profession is still very heterogenous, the interpreter’s role is often defined by how the institution uses him/her and what its needs are. Consequently, estab- lishing a universal or near-universal code of professional ethics becomes highly problematic; it also impacts on crucial issues such as impartiality. The paper ar- gues that the complex nature of professionalism and of cross-cultural differences in attitude towards professional role and social identity will have to be addressed by the professional community to improve quality and working conditions for clients, users and interpreters.

internal-pdf://1734575177/Rudvin-2007-Professionalism and ethics in comm.pdf.

Ruiz Mezcua, Aurora. 2011. "Retos de la interpretación simultánea: progreso y aplicación de los materiales tecnológicos en el aula." In Traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos en un mundo interconectado = Public service interpreting and translation in the wild wired world [Recurso electrónico]: TISP en Internet = PSIT in WWW, 241-249. Alcalá de Henares: Universidad de Alcalá, Servicio de Publicaciones, D.L.2011.

Sabar, Galia, and Shiri Tenenboim. 2018. "“We must do something instead of just watch”: The First Medical Interpreter Training Course for Eritrean Asylum Seekers in Israel." The European Legacy 23 (7-8): 804-820. https://doi.org/10.1080/10848770.2018.1499206.

ABSTRACT: This article analyzes the outcomes of the first medical interpreter vocational training course for Eritrean asylum seekers in Israel. Our study draws on the work of Phyllis Butow et al. on medical inter- preters’ perceptions of their role, including the challenges they face; on Elena Ragazzi’s call for a flexible evaluation of vocational training outcomes; and on Pierre Bourdieu’s concept of “cultural capital” as an empowering tool for change. The course was initiated in 2013 in response to difficulties experienced by medical personnel and Eritrean asylum seekers regarding the provision of health services for refugees. The outcomes of the course led to four main conclusions: (1) it was a positive learning endeavor that led graduates to better jobs; (2) it was an empowering experience that enabled graduates to better care for themselves and their loved ones, and enhanced their understanding of their rights as asylum seekers; (3) it was perceived as a project of inclusion that created a safe and reassuring environment within the otherwise hostile reality of state-orchestrated exclusion, yet it also induced a sense of frustration in that it had no impact on the unjust social structure in which the asylum seekers live; and (4) the course was helpful in developing the graduates’ understanding of their com- plex role as medical interpreters.

internal-pdf://2305619724/Sabar-2018-“We must do something instead of ju.pdf.

Saleh Hussein, Hannan. 2017. "Interferencias culturales en los procesos de traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos: el caso de los procesos de interpretación de la lengua árabe en los registros civiles." FITISPos international journal: public service interpreting and translation (4): 69-84.

ABSTRACT: Translators and interpreters are frequently challenged by cultural interferences that take place in translation and interpreting processes. This paper focuses on interpreting processes at a civil wedding between a Spaniard and a Muslim Arab at an office of the Spanish Civil Registry. A series of preparatory steps are required before actually interpreting at this type of ceremonies, for example an interview to both partners conducted by the judge. This article, specifically based on a study-case from the Civil Registry No 1 of Seville, deals with some of those situations in which religious cultural inferences may cause some confusion at the process of interpreting. Thus, we offer interpreting solutions that may preserve both the right of the citizen and the trustworthiness of the information provided to justice authorities.

Frecuentemente, los traductores e intérpretes se encuentran ante el reto de las interferencias culturales en los procesos de traducción e interpretación. En este trabajo nos ocupamos de los procesos de interpretación en los casos en los que se contrae matrimonio entre ciudadanos españoles y otros de procedencia extranjera ?nos referimos a los ciudadanos procedentes de países árabes? y que son llevados a cabo en las sedes del Registros Civil en España. En este tipo de trámites en los servicios públicos se requiere una serie de medidas preparatorias anteriores a la celebración del matrimonio, entre las cuales se encuentra la realización de una entrevista por el juez competente a cada uno de los interesados en contraer matrimonio. En este trabajo, basado en un estudio de caso en el Registro Civil Nº 1 de Sevilla, pretendemos aclarar, desde nuestra experiencia y nuestro punto de vista, algunas situaciones en las que las interferencias culturales de índole religiosa pueden causar confusiones durante el proceso de interpretación. Se trata de ofrecer propuestas interpretativas que preserven tanto el derecho del interesado como la fiabilidad de la información facilitada a la Administración de Justicia.

internal-pdf://2442185501/Saleh Hussein-2017-Interferencias culturales e.pdf.

Sales Salvador, Dora. 2005. "Creación de una base de datos bibliográfica en línea sobre Mediación Intercultural y Traducción e Interpretación en los servicios públicos." Revista Española de Documentación Científica 28 (4): 519-528. https://doi.org/10.3989/redc.2005.v28.i4.234.

internal-pdf://2426205813/Sales Salvador-2005-Creación de una base de da.pdf.

Sales Salvador, Dora. 2006. "Mapa de situación de la traducción/interpretación en los servicios públicos y la mediación intercultural en la Comunidad Valenciana y la región de Murcia." Revista española de lingüística aplicada Extra 1: 85-110.

internal-pdf://1223007287/Sales Salvador-2006-Mapa de situación de la tr.pdf.

Sales Salvador, Dora. 2008. "Mediación intercultural e interpretación de los servicios públicos: ¿Europa intercultural?" Pliegos de Yuste: revista de cultura y pensamiento europeos (7): 77-82.

internal-pdf://1101513253/Sales Salvador-2008-Mediación intercultural e.pdf.

Sales Salvador, Dora, and Carmen Valero Garcés. 2006. "Bibliografía sobre Traducción e Interpretación en los Sevicios Públicos y Mediación Intercultural." Revista española de lingüística aplicada Extra 1: 249-286.

internal-pdf://2559624132/Sales Salvador-2006-Bibliografía sobre Traducc.pdf.

Sánchez Ramos, María del Mar. 2017. "Interpretación sanitaria y herramientas informáticas de traducción: los sistemas de gestión de corpus." Panace@: Revista de Medicina, Lenguaje y Traducción 18 (46): 133-141.

ABSTRACT: Due mainly to the emergence of new multicultural and multilingual societies and the need for professionals who can bridge linguistic barriers, Translation Studies has witnessed the emergence of Public Service Interpreting and Translation (PSIT), which includes a wide range of areas such as healthcare, educational or legal settings. The healthcare interpreter, one of the actors in the communicative process, needs to develop different competencies in order to overcome these barriers. Our article describes how we have implemented a corpus methodology as part of a postgraduate healthcare training programme to develop the interpreter’s documentation skills and engender a better understanding of the future tasks in healthcare contexts. Our work also shows the results of a small-scale study designed to evaluate the implemented training proposal.

Debido en gran parte a la aparición de nuevas sociedades multiculturales y multilingües, y la necesidad de profesionales que puedan hacer frente a las barreras lingüísticas en estos nuevos contextos comunicativos, los Estudios de Traducción han sido testigos de la llamada Traducción e Interpretación en los Servicios Públicos (TISP), que incluye diversos ámbitos de actuación como el sanitario, educativo o el legal. El intérprete sanitario,como actor del proceso comunicativo, necesita desarrollar diversas competencias para poder solventar dichas barreras. Nuestro trabajo describirá cómo se ha empleado la metodología de corpus en los estadios iniciales de la formación de intérpretes sanitarios dentro de un sistema de formación de posgrado en TISP con el fin último de desarrollar las destrezas documentales de los mismos y consolidar una mejor comprensión de futuras tareas en el contexto sanitario. Se concluye con los resultados de un estudio inicial diseñado para evaluar la propuesta formativa llevada a cabo.

internal-pdf://0019485052/Sánchez Ramos-2017-Interpretación sanitaria y.pdf.

Sánchez Ramos, María del Mar. 2017. "Necesidades formativas emergentes: corpus virtuales como recurso para la formación en Traducción e Interpretación en los Servicios Públicos." Onomázein: Revista de lingüística, filología y traducción de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (38): 169-187.

ABSTRACT: The increasing need for a linguistic and cultural1 mediation between public service providers and users who do not have sufficient command of the official language of the public authorities has contributed to the development of a discipline within Translation Studies—Public Service Interpreting and Translation Studies (PSIT)—, covering different areas such a health care or administrative settings. It seems that documentation is essential at these stages so that the translator/interpreter can acquire the appropriate skills and knowledge to be able to produce the target text. This paper describes how we have used a corpus methodology as an additional lexicographical and documentation resource for the translation of healthcare texts in the PSIT classroom. We show the corpus compilation process our postgraduate students followed and how they worked with a well-known concordance program in order to analyze their corpus as a source of conceptual, terminological and phraseological information.

La creciente necesidad de una mediación lingüística y cultural entre los agentes de los servicios públicos y los usuarios que no dominan la lengua de las administraciones públicas ha hecho posible la aparición de una disciplina dentro de los Estudios de Traducción llamada Traducción e Interpretación en los Servicios Públicos (TISP), que engloba distintos ámbitos especializados de actuación como el sanitario o administrativo, entre otros. La documentación en estos casos se presenta como necesaria para que el traductor e intérprete adquiera las habilidades y los conocimientos adecuados a la hora de producir el texto meta. Nuestro artículo describe cómo se ha aplicado la lingüística de corpus a la traducción de textos especializados en el aula de TISP como recurso lexicográfico y documental adicional. Para ello, se detalla el proceso de compilación de un corpus monolingüe virtual especializado realizado por alumnos de posgrado y el uso de un programa de concordancias para analizar el corpus creado como fuente de información conceptual, terminológica y fraseológica.

.

Sánchez Ramos, María del Mar. 2017. "Compilación y análisis de un corpus "ad hoc" como herramienta de documentación electrónica en Traduccción e Interpretación en los Servicios Públicos (TISP)." Estudios de traducción (7): 177-190. https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/extart?codigo=6674204

https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=6674204&orden=0&info=link.

ABSTRACT: La formación de profesionales cualificados que sirvan como comunicadores con la población extranjera se presenta como imprescindible en la disciplina conocida como Traducción e Interpretación en los Servicios Públicos (TISP), principalmente en aquellos casos en los que los profesionales de TISP provienen de entornos académicos distintos. Esta área de investigación engloba distintos contextos como el sanitario, la educación, el plano legal o el administrativo. Las fuentes de documentación tradicionales (textos paralelos, glosarios y bases de datos léxicas o diccionarios especializados) no son suficientes en el caso de las tareas específicas que pueden darse en TISP. Este artículo tiene como objetivo ilustrar el uso de corpus ad hoc como herramientas de documentación electrónica en un curso de posgrado en TISP. Se describen las distintas fases que forman parte en el diseño y el análisis del mismo.

Training qualified professionals to serve as communicators with foreigners is seemed as a must in the discipline known as Public Service Interpreting and Translation (PSIT), especially when PSIT practitioners come from different academic backgrounds. This area of research covers different areas, such as healthcare, educational, legal or administrative settings. The use of different sources of information (parallel texts, different types of glossaries and lexical databases or specialized dictionaries) sometimes is not enough to fill the gap that specific tasks in PSIT may present. This paper aims at illustrating the use of ad hoc corpora as electronic documentation tools in a postgraduate PSIT training context. We describe the different stages involved in the design and analysis of an ad hoc corpus.

internal-pdf://3357842877/Sánchez Ramos-2017-Compilación y análisis de u.pdf.

Santana Falcón, Raquel. 2013. "El mediador cultural en los servicios públicos: una nueva profesión." Estudios de Traducción 3 (0): 33-43. https://doi.org/10.5209/rev_ESTR.2013.v3.41988.

internal-pdf://3829175689/Santana Falcón-2013-El mediador cultural en lo.pdf.

Sapra, Ipsita. 2018. "Incentives Programs for Girl Children in India: Global Experiences, Local Reflections." Journal of Women, Politics & Policy 39 (3): 359-383. https://doi.org/10.1080/1554477x.2018.1476308.

internal-pdf://1104561756/Sapra-2018-Incentives Programs for Girl Childr.pdf.

Sasso, Angela, and Kiran Malli. 2014. "Trying to fit a square peg in a round hole: Is community interpreting just too big for public policy? The Canadian experience. A provocation." FITISPos International Journal 1: 42-50.

internal-pdf://2639188895/Sasso-2014-Trying to fit a square peg in a rou.pdf.

Schuster, Michal, and Lluís Baixauli-Olmos. 2018. "A Question of Communication: The Role of Public Service Interpreting in the Migrant Crisis—Introduction." The European Legacy 23 (7-8): 733-737. https://doi.org/10.1080/10848770.2018.1492812.

internal-pdf://3126071288/Schuster-2018-A Question of Communication_ The.pdf.

Skaaden, Hanne. 2018. "Remote Interpreting: Potential Solutions to Communication Needs in the Refugee Crisis and Beyond." The European Legacy 23 (7-8): 837-856. https://doi.org/10.1080/10848770.2018.1499474.

ABSTRACT: Remote interpreting (RI), where the interpreter communicates with the interlocutors via technological solutions across geographical distance, enhances the availability of trained interpreters in the public sector and institutional discourse in general. In refugee crises, where new unexpected language needs may arise, access to skilled interpreters presents a particular challenge. RI is an apt solution in such cases. Yet, although the professionals who are in need of interpreting services within the legal and health systems embrace the option of RI, the interpreters themselves seem less enthusiastic. They report to experience more challenges and stress in RI than in onsite interpreting. Research suggests that for RI to succeed, the interpreters’ working conditions require special atten- tion and caution. Lending ears to the interpreters is therefore worthwhile in trying to identify what aspects should receive spe- cial attention during RI.

Approaching RI in an action research mode, this article reports on interpreting students’ reflections on their experiences with RI via Skype in an online classroom setting, as well as their reflections on their real-life experiences with RI in legal and healthcare set- tings. The qualitative analysis draws on logs from text-only chat sessions, in which the students describe challenges with feedback signals, turn-taking and information overflow, leading to increased stress during RI. However, they also offer suggestions as to what can be done by those in charge of institutional encounters to address these challenges and improve the quality of the Remote interpreting.

internal-pdf://0631704364/Skaaden-2018-Remote Interpreting_ Potential So.pdf.

Skaaden, Hanne. 2019. "Invisible or invincible? Professional integrity, ethics, and voice in public service interpreting." Perspectives 27 (5): 704-717. https://doi.org/10.1080/0907676x.2018.1536725.

internal-pdf://1374343915/Skaaden-2019-Invisible or invincible_ Professi.pdf.

Socarrás Estrada, Denis, and Carmen Valero Garcés. 2010. "Assessment and evaluation in labs for public service interpreting training." VI International Critical Link Conference, Birmingham, UK, 26-30 July, 2010.

Socarrás Estrada, Denis, and Carmen Valero Garcés. 2011. "Aptitude tests as predictors of competence acquisition and interpreter’s performance." In Traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos en un mundo interconectado = Public service interpreting and translation in the wild wired world [Recurso electrónico]: TISP en Internet = PSIT in WWW, edited by Carmen Valero Garcés, 250-260. Alcalá de Henares: Universidad de Alcalá.

Solomon, S., J. Greenberg, and T. Pyszczynski. 1991. "A Terror Management Theory of Social-Behavior - the Psychological Functions of Self-Esteem and Cultural Worldviews." Advances in Experimental Social Psychology 24: 93-159. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0065-2601(08)60328-7. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0065260108603287?via%3Dihub.

.

Soto Aranda, Beatriz, and Muhammad Al-Madkuri. 2007. "La competencia pragmática en la formación de intérpretes de árabe dialectal marroquí-español en los Servicios Públicos." In Actas del XXIV Congreso Internacional de AESLA [Recurso electrónico]: aprendizaje de lenguas, uso del lenguaje y modelación cognitiva : perspectivas aplicadas entre disciplinas. UNED.

Souza, Izabel E. T. de V. 2018. "Interpreters of Occupation: Gender and the Politics of Belonging in an Iraqi Refugee Network." The European Legacy 23 (7-8): 863-865. https://doi.org/10.1080/10848770.2018.1507190.

ABSTRACT: Review of Interpreters of Occupation: Gender and the Politics of Belonging in an Iraqi Refugee Network, by Madeline Otis Campbell, Syracuse, NY, Syracuse University Press, 2016, xix + 229 pp., $34.95 (paper)

internal-pdf://3182432836/Souza-2018-Interpreters of Occupation_ Gender.pdf.

Štefková, Marketa, and Benjamin Bossaert. 2019. "Learning from good examples: a comparative analysis of the practices of public service translation and interpreting in Slovakia and Flanders." FITISPos International Journal: Public Service Interpreting and Translation (6): 168-182.

ABSTRACT: The article focuses on the translation and interpreting policy in the legal, institutional and public contexts. There are two essential variables to consider when we discuss policy settings for PSIT: the definition of the target groups and the areas within those groups where translation and interpreting are provided. The establishment of PSIT in Slovakia and Flanders took place alongside the creation of rights for official state languages and providing language rights to minorities. In Slovakia, institutionalisation takes place mainly in the legal and public sectors, while community interpreting is a fully unknown and underdeveloped concept. Flanders has developed a wellfunctioning model of so-called “social interpreting” in recent decades. We compare the provision of translation and interpreting services in sectors delineated as public service interpreting and translation and propose the possibilities for developing and implementing an effective model, based on the Belgian example in Slovakia

El artículo se centra en la política de traducción e interpretación en los contextos jurídico, institucional y público. Hay dos variables esenciales a considerar cuando discutimos la configuración de las políticas para el PSIT: la definición de los grupos objetivo y las áreas dentro de esos grupos donde se proporcionan la traducción y la interpretación. El establecimiento del PSIT en Eslovaquia y Flandes tuvo lugar paralelamente a la creación de derechos para las lenguas oficiales del Estado y la concesión de derechos lingüísticos a las minorías. En Eslovaquia, la institucionalización tiene lugar principalmente en los sectores jurídico y público, mientras que la interpretación comunitaria es un concepto totalmente desconocido y poco desarrollado. Flandes ha desarrollado en las últimas décadas un modelo de interpretación social que funciona bien.Comparamos la prestación de servicios de traducción e interpretación en sectores delineados como la interpretación de servicio público y la traducción y proponemos las posibilidades de desarrollar e implementar un modelo eficaz, basado en el ejemplo belga en Eslovaquia.

internal-pdf://1164585744/Štefková-2019-Learning from good examples_ a c.pdf.

Sváková, Zuzana. 2013. "Estrés y el impacto emocional de los intérpretes en los servicios públicos." In La comunicación en el ámbito médico-sanitario = Communicating in the healthcare setting [Recurso electrónico], 10-11. Alcalá de Henares: Universidad de Alcalá, Servicio de Publicaciones, D.L.2013.

Szymyslik, Robert. 2021. "La práctica de la traducción literaria y la enseñanza de lenguas en entornos de integración." Fitispos 8 (1): 110-121.

internal-pdf://0628174324/Szymyslik-2021-La práctica de la traducción li.pdf.

Taibi, Mustapha. 2014. "Community interpreting and translation in the Arab World: Status quo and strategies for change." Babel: Revue internationale de la traduction/International Journal of Translation 60 (1): 52-69. https://doi.org/10.1075/babel.60.1.04tai.

internal-pdf://4084960677/Taibi-2014-Community interpreting and translat.pdf.

Taibi, Mustapha, and Raquel Lázaro Gutiérrez. 2006. "La Red COMUNICA: otros componentes." Revista española de lingüística aplicada Extra 1: 231-238.

internal-pdf://1592423579/Taibi-2006-La Red COMUNICA_ otros componentes.pdf.

Taibi, Mustapha, and Anne Martin. 2012. "Court translation and interpreting in times of the ‘War on Terror’: The case of Taysir Alony." Translation & Interpreting: The International Journal of Translation and Interpreting Research 4 (1).

ABSTRACT: The case of Taysir Alony, the Al-Jazeera reporter who was imprisoned because of alleged collaboration with a terrorist organisation, raises several questions about the situation of police and court translation and interpreting in Spain. Alony and his co-defendants’ indictments were based, at least partially, on tapped conversations which were translated literally by verbatim translators or translators who did not belong to the same speech community as the speakers. Moreover, parts of the translated conversations and documents were framed in a manner that created a climate conducive to conviction. Given the context of the ‘War on Terror’ in which the translations and the ‘evidence’ were interpreted, this case raises questions such as interpretation vs. interpreting, the translation of culture and the role of the translator/interpreter. This paper scrutinises these questions taking into consideration the historical, political and ideological context of the case. Using some instances of verbatim, manipulated or reframed translation, it is argued that the dominant discourse on the ‘War on Terror’ manages to construct a narrative that serves its interests – either through indoctrinated translators or blatant manipulation.

internal-pdf://1129566363/Taibi-2012-Court translation and interpreting.pdf.

Taibi, Mustapha, Carmen Valero Garcés, and Raquel Lázaro Gutiérrez. 2005. "Formación de traductores/intérpretes para los servicios públicos: la experiencia del grupo fitispos de la Universidad de Alcalá." In Perspectivas interdisciplinares de la lingüística aplicada, 431-442.

Thurlow, Crispin, and Adam Jaworski. 2012. "Elite mobilities: the semiotic landscapes of luxury and privilege." Social Semiotics 22 (4): 487-516. https://doi.org/10.1080/10350330.2012.721592.

ABSTRACT: Tourism is immensely powerful in (re)organising large-scale inequalities and privileges. In the rapid expansion of 'luxury tourism' we find a wing of this truly global culture industry openly committed to the symbolic production of elite status, distinction and privilege. Our visual essay here offers a series of multimodal, multi-voiced statements arising from a research project that explores and critiques the lavish semiotic economies and strict interactional orders of these 'new' elite mobilities. Mimicking the fleeting encounters of super-elite travellers themselves, we undertook a series of ethnographically grounded but patently frugal sorties into five different spaces (or modes) of luxury travel. Drawing on our own fieldwork material and quoting the visual rhetoric of advertisers, we trace the normative production of an ostensibly enclavic landscape that imagines (or re-imagines) limitless aspirations and unbounded pleasures for all consumer-citizens regardless of their power or wealth.

.

Tiayon, Charles. 2005. "Community interpreting: an african perspective." Hermeneus 7: 175-192.

ABSTRACT: El presente articulo busca definir el concepto de interpretación comunitaria dentro del conjunto amplio de Interpretación entre lenguas, deteniéndose tanto en los elementos comunes que comparte con otras ramas de la Interpretación como en las peculiaridades. En un segundo momento, busca presentar algunos rasgos y características de la práctica de la traducción comunitaria en un contexto geográfico y cultural no suficientemente apreciado o estudiado: se trata de añadir una perspectiva africana al estudio de dicha interpretación comunitaria.

internal-pdf://3616831732/Tiayon-2005-Community interpreting_ an african.pdf.

Tipton, Rebecca. 2012. "Public service interpreting and the politics of entitlement for new entrants to the United Kingdom." Journal of Language and Politics 11 (2): 185-206. https://doi.org/10.1075/jlp.11.2.02tip.

internal-pdf://3244173386/Tipton-2012-Public service interpreting and th.pdf.

Tipton, Rebecca. 2017. "Contracts and capabilities: public service interpreting and third sector domestic violence services." The Translator 23 (2): 237-254. https://doi.org/10.1080/13556509.2017.1280875.

ABSTRACT: This article evaluates the role played by professional and non-professional volunteer interpreters in the care trajectories and institutional itineraries of survivors of domestic abuse in the third sector and is informed by Nussbaum’s capabilities approach to contractarian theory. Reporting on a case study involving an organisation in the North West of England, it sheds light on how interpreter provision supports survivors in converting capabilities into effective social participation, and the extent to which survivors are able to influence the initial contract position in relation to language services provision. It finds that rather than being used as a replacement for professional interpreting, nonprofessional volunteer interpreters support survivors in ways that help them to achieve a range of service outcomes. Further, it finds that the evolving contractual relation places demands on professional interpreters to limit their role in interaction as the service user prepares to move on independently. The author concludes that the capabilities approach provides a useful theoretical lens for examining service user empowerment in multilingual service spaces. The approach widens the debate about what constitutes socially responsible language services provision in this setting.

internal-pdf://1374343856/Tipton-2017-Contracts and capabilities_ public.pdf.

Tipton, Rebecca. 2017. "Interpreting-as-Conflict: PSIT in Third Sector Organisations and Impact of Third Way Politics." In Ideology, Ethics and Policy Development in Public Service Interpreting and Translation, edited by Carmen Valero-Garcés and Rebecca Tipton, 38-62. Bristol: Multilingual Matters.

Tipton, Rebecca, and Olgierda Furmanek. 2016. Dialogue Interpreting: A Guide to Interpreting in Public Services and the Community. London: Routledge.

.

Toledano Buendía, Carmen, and Laura Aguilera Ávila. 2017. "Stress, interpersonal communication and assertiveness training in public service interpreting." In Interdisciplinary encounters: Dimensions of interpreting studies, edited by Andrzej Łyda and Katarzyna Holewik, 48-59. Katowice: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego.

Toledano Buendía, Carmen, María del Carmen Fumero Pérez, and Ana Díaz Galán. 2006. "Traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos: situación en la Comunidad Autónoma Canaria." Revista española de lingüística aplicada Extra 1: 187-204.

internal-pdf://0161030696/Toledano Buendí-2006-Traducción e interpretaci.pdf.

Tomassini, Elena. 2011. "Training health care interpreters: a proposal based on a closer collaboration betwen universities and public services and the use of on-line tools." In Traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos en un mundo interconectado = Public service interpreting and translation in the wild wired world [Recurso electrónico]: TISP en Internet = PSIT in WWW, 126-133. Alcalá de Henares: Universidad de Alcalá, Servicio de Publicaciones, D.L.2011.

Torrella, Carmen. 2021. "La mediación del intérprete como motor hacia la inclusión y la alianza entre naciones." Fitispos 8 (1): 96-109.

internal-pdf://3516616015/Torrella-2021-La mediación del intérprete como.pdf.

Torruella Valverde, Jessica, and Carmen Valero Garcés. 2014. "La adecuación pragmática en la interpretación en los servicios públicos y juridico-judiciales: el caso de los temas tabú y de la comunicación no verbal." In (Re) considerando ética e ideología en situaciones de conflicto = (Re) visisiting ethics and ideology in situations of conflict [Recurso electrónico], edited by Carmen Valero-Garcés and Bianca Vitalaru, 349-359. Alcalá de Henares: Universidad de Alcalá, Servicio de Publicaciones, D.L.2014.

internal-pdf://3516616023/Torruella Valve-2014-La adecuación pragmática.pdf

Townsley, Brooke. 2007. "Interpreting in the UK Community: Some Reflections on Public Service Interpreting in the UK." Language and Intercultural Communication 7 (2): 163-170. https://doi.org/10.2167/laic272.0.

internal-pdf://2053999695/Townsley-2007-Interpreting in the UK Community.pdf.

Tripton, Rebeca. 2017. "Interpreting-as-Conflict: PSIT in Third Sector Organisations and Impact of Third Way Politics." In Ideology, Ethics and Policy Development in Public Service Interpreting and Translation, edited by Carmen Valero Garcés and Rebeca Tripton, 38-62. Bristol: Multilingual Matters.

Tryuk, Małgorzata. 2007. "Community interpreting in Poland." In The Critical Link 4. Professionalisation of interpreting in the community, edited by Cecilia Wadensjö, Birgitta Englund Dimitrova and Anna-Lena Nilsson, 95-106. Amsterdam, Philadelphia: John Benjamins.

ABSTRACT: This article aims at identifying the problems connected with community interpreting in Poland on the eve of Poland’s accession to the European Union. It presents the results of an investigation carried out in a sample group of different types of community interpreters in Poland and discusses a questionnaire conducted among sworn translators rendering this kind of service. The questionnaire dealt mainly with such parameters as job satisfaction, job preparation, education and self-education, norms in community interpreting (faithfulness, comprehensibility, dialogue coordination), the role of an interpreter and ethics of community interpreting. The article ends with proposals for community-oriented education of interpreters and the perspectives for the emergence and professionalization of this kind of interpreting in Poland.

Ugarte i Ballester, Xus. 2006. "Traducción e interpretación de los servicios públicos en Cataluña y Baleares." Revista española de lingüística aplicada Extra 1: 111-128.

internal-pdf://3131056462/Ugarte i Balles-2006-Traducción e interpretaci.pdf.

Universidad de Alcalá. 2012. "Máster universitario en comunicación intercultural, interpretación y traducción en los servicios públicos." Accessed 24th August 2012. http://www2.uah.es/traduccion/formacion/master_oficial_POP.html.

valenciano Rodríguez, Ursula, and Francisco Javier Bueno Guillén. 2011. "Avatares signantes vs. vídeos en lengua de signos en el ámbito sanitario." In Traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos en un mundo interconectado = Public service interpreting and translation in the wild wired world [Recurso electrónico]: TISP en Internet = PSIT in WWW, 326-335. Alcalá de Henares: Universidad de Alcalá, Servicio de Publicaciones, D.L.2011.

Valenciano Rodríguez, Ursula, and Félix Rodríguez-Barrios. 2011. "Las TIC como recurso en la interpretación de lengua de signos en la Comunidad de Madrid." In Traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos en un mundo interconectado = Public service interpreting and translation in the wild wired world [Recurso electrónico]: TISP en Internet = PSIT in WWW, 336-345. Alcalá de Henares: Universidad de Alcalá, Servicio de Publicaciones, D.L.2011.

Valero Garcés, Carmen. 2003. "Traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos: contextualización, actualidad y futuro." Interlingua.

.

Valero Garcés, Carmen. 2006. "El impacto psicológico y emocional en los intérpretes y traductores de los servicios públicos, un factor a tener en cuenta." Quaderns: Revista de Traducció: 141-154.

ABSTRACT: Es un hecho reconocido por gran parte de los profesionales de la traducción e interpretación en

los servicios públicos (T&ISSPP) (actividad también conocida como «Cornmunity Interpreting»)

y por estudios empíricos realizados que las tareas que se le piden a la persona que hace de intermediario

lingüístico en los servicios públicos (SSPP) (hospitales, comisarías, oficinas de extranjería,

etc.) suelen ir más allá del simple traslado de información. Al intérprete se le exige con

frecuencia ser un «catalizador», un consultor cultural, lo cual implica que debe explicar hábitos

culturales, valores o creencias tanto a los profesionales como a los usuarios para los que sirve de

enlace. Debe actuar también en situaciones críticas y tratar temas complicados (peticiones de asilo,

torturas, miseria, soledad, etc.) con frecuencia y sin preparación previa. El objetivo principal de

este estudio es investigar el impacto psicológico y emocional que estos factores pueden provocar

en su trabajo, las consecuencias que puede tener, los recursos que existen para enfrentarse a ello

y las recomendaciones que los propios intérpretes y traductores dan para una formación y entrenamiento

adecuado.

internal-pdf://0628174936/Valero Garcés-2006-El impacto psicológico y em.pdf.

Valero Garcés, Carmen. 2006. "Las instituciones oficiales y sus soluciones a los problemas de comunicación." Revista española de lingüística aplicada Extra 1: 29-48.

internal-pdf://3962207305/Valero Garcés-2006-Las instituciones oficiales.pdf.

Valero Garcés, Carmen. 2006. "Mapa de situación de la traducción/interpretación en los servicios públicos y la mediación intercultural en la zona centro." Revista española de lingüística aplicada Extra 1: 61-84.

internal-pdf://0121149224/Valero Garcés-2006-Mapa de situación de la tra.pdf.

Valero Garcés, Carmen. 2006. "An ad hoc corpus in public service interpreting: issues of design and applicability." In Corpus linguistics: Applications for the study of english, 451-462.

Valero Garcés, Carmen, ed. 2008. Investigación y Práctica en Traducción e Interpretación en los Servicios Públicos. Desafíos y Alianzas. Alcalá: Universidad de Alcalá.

Valero Garcés, Carmen. 2010. "The Value of Internships in PSIT. Looking out of an Open Window." Forum 8 (2): 221-240.

internal-pdf://1887666581/Valero Garcés-2010-The Value of Internships in.pdf.

Valero Garcés, Carmen. 2011. "Design, Implementation and Evaluation of a Programme on Intercultural Communication and Public Service Interpreting and Translation." In Modelling the Field of Community Interpreting: Questions of Methodology in Research and Training, edited by Claudia Kainz, Erich Prunč and Rafael Schögler, 121-151. Berlin, Münster, Vienna, Zurich, London: LIT.

Valero Garcés, Carmen. 2011. "Nuevos caminos con buenos maestros en traducción e interpretación. En homenaje a Valentín García Yebra." Mutatis Mutandis 4 (2): 155-171.

ABSTRACT: In this paper I present a professional and personal complex experience, in which my studies in

Philology, alternate with a professional practical translation work, a teaching daily activity in

translation and interpretation, and an administrative work as a director of the European Master

on Intercultural Communication, Public Service Interpreting and Translation, offered in nine

pair of languages. On the pages that follow, dedicated to the memory of the brilliant professor

and scholar, Valentín García Yebra, I propose a simple personal reflexion on the value of

translation in our societies that evaluate from a monoculturalism to a multiculturalism, stating

a series of challenges and opening new paths onto which Translation and Translation Studies

play an important role.

internal-pdf://4098439550/Valero Garcés-2011-Nuevos caminos con buenos m.pdf.

Valero Garcés, Carmen. 2011. "Las nuevas tecnologías y la traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos: ¿bendición o maldición?" In Traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos en un mundo interconectado = Public service interpreting and translation in the wild wired world [Recurso electrónico]: TISP en Internet = PSIT in WWW, 7-19. Alcalá de Henares: Universidad de Alcalá, Servicio de Publicaciones, D.L.2011.

Valero Garcés, Carmen. 2012. "A sociological perspective on TIPS. Explorations into the translator’s/interpreter’s (in)visibility in Translation and Interpreting in Public Services." The Interpreters' Newsletter 17: 13-37.

ABSTRACT: The paper presents Pierre Bourdieu’s theories and suggests they may be fruitfully applied to the teaching and practice of translation and interpreting in public service settings.

internal-pdf://1954696518/Valero Garcés-2012-A sociological perspective.pdf.

Valero Garcés, Carmen. 2014. Traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos. Universidad de Alcalá, Servicio de Publicaciones.

ABSTRACT: Traducción e Interpretación en los Servicios Públicos pretende ser una guía práctica para la formación de expertos en la comunicación intercultural ya sea como material de un curso o como manual de autoaprendizaje. El libro es además un manual orientado a la reflexión y la práctica de la comunicación de calidad en entornos multiculturales y confío que sirva como herramienta de apoyo en la formación y consolidación de la Traducción e Interpretación en los Servicios Públicos o ( Community Interpreting and Translation en su despertar en China).

.

Valero Garcés, Carmen. 2015. "Cross-Fertilization of Training and Research in a Master’s Program in Public Service Interpreting and Translation: Some Challenges and Results." In Handbook of Research on Teaching Methods in Language Translation and Interpretation, edited by Ying Cui and Wei Zhao, 397-415. Hershey: IGI Global.

Valero Garcés, Carmen. 2016. "Terminology, specialised language and lesser-used languages in PSIT." Translation and translanguaging in multilingual contexts 2 (1): 92-105.

ABSTRACT: Our societies are undergoing a process of transformation entailing new challenges. One of these challenges includes the urgency to address certain needs that arise from the rate of change affecting the multilingual and multicultural societies in which we live. In turn, new technologies, which involve the inevitable creation of new terms, are evolving rapidly as we try to incorporate them into our daily business. We live, therefore, with terminology, whether we are experts or not. In fact, there are a number of institutions with which we have an almost daily relationship and which have their own specialised languages. The question is how to handle these situations, what problems arise therein, and what the most immediate solutions are when this kind of event occurs in environments where terminology, specialised languages, and less widely used languages come into play. Throughout this chapter, and using all of the available information relevant to this matter, I will attempt to answer the following questions: Is specialised language used as part of the interaction between service providers and external users in the public services sector? How do participants handle such specific terminology? What types of documentation do mediators/translators and interpreters have access to? What strategies do they use when translating concepts or expressions into the target language? How reliable is their work? Is special training required? Are there specialised resources in less widely spoken languages that meet those needs?

.

Valero Garcés, Carmen. 2018. "Introduction. PSIT and Technology. Challenges in the Digital Age." FITISPos international journal: public service interpreting and translation (5): 1-12.

internal-pdf://2743654534/Valero Garcés-2018-Introduction. PSIT and Tech.pdf.

Valero Garcés, Carmen. 2019. "Training public service interpreters and translators: Facing challenges." Revista de Llengua i Dret 71: 88-105.

ABSTRACT: Public service interpreting and translation (PSIT) is helping societies deal with the challenges posed by migration. Its consolidation as a professional practice is still a controversial subject. A number of advances can be identified across territories and settings, including the use of English when providing interpreting and translation services in lesser- used language contexts, the increasing availability of training courses for public service interpreters and translators, the modest development of trainer training courses, or the rising awareness among stakeholders of the importance of relying on competent professionals when communicating with individuals who are less than proficient in the contact language or languages. However, these vital improvements are only visible in some instances and institutions in certain countries. In others, conditions in PSIT practice are far from professional. Education and training are fundamental tools for raising the status of PSIT. In this paper we take stock of experience accrued by PSIT researchers, practitioners and trainers to highlight challenges and advances in the area of PSIT training in tertiary education. After identifying successful initiatives, we single out underexplored areas, including the missing focus on translation in both training programmes and research agenda.

internal-pdf://0628174648/Valero Garcés-2019-Training public service int.pdf.

Valero Garcés, Carmen, and Jesús Baigorri Jalón. 2010. "Propuestas sobre los recursos didácticos para la formación de intérpretes de los servicios públicos." In Modos y formas de la comunicación humana, 1361-1368. Cuenca : Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 2010.

Valero Garcés, Carmen, and Lenuta Cata. 2006. "Acción y voluntariado: las ONG y los servicios de traducción e intrepretación." Revista española de lingüística aplicada Extra 1: 49-60.

internal-pdf://0931957762/Valero Garcés-2006-Acción y voluntariado_ las.pdf.

Valero Garcés, Carmen, and Laura Gauthier Blasi. 2010. "Bourdieu y la traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos. Hacia una teoría social." MonTi 2: 97-117.

internal-pdf://2711770134/Valero Garcés-2010-Bourdieu y la traducción e.pdf.

Valero Garcés, Carmen, and Laura Gauthier. 2010. "Bourdieu and Public Service Interpreting and Translation: Towards a Social Theory in PSIT." MonTI 2: 97-117.

internal-pdf://2474738175/Valero Garcés-2010-Bourdieu and Public Service.pdf.

Valero Garcés, Carmen, and Guzmán Mancho Barés, eds. 2002. Traducción e interpretación en los Servicios Públicos: nuevas necesidades para nuevas realidades. Community interpreting and translating: new needs for new realities: Universidad de Alcalá.

internal-pdf://2520241990/Valero Garcés-2002-Traducción e interpretación.pdf

Valero Garcés, Carmen, Pilar Martino Alba, and Christiane Lebsanft. 2012. "Alternativas para una nueva sociedad. Diseño, implementación y evaluación de un programa de traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos." In Telar de traducción especializada, 235-237. Madrid: Ed. Dykinson, 2012.

ABSTRACT: Sociedad, universidad y empresa son entidades que deben caminar juntas. En este sentido, y partiendo de la nueva realidad multicultural y multilingüe en la que vivimos, parece necesario analizar las estrategias o soluciones que se han ido tomando a lo largo de estos años de constantes cambios. En este caso nos centraremos en una de tantas soluciones tomadas desde la universidad. Es mi intención analizar la experiencia del diseño, implantación y evaluación del Master Europeo Universitario en Comunicación Intercultural, Interpretación y Traducción en los Servicios Públicos de la Universidad de Alcalá cuya combinación de lenguas de trabajo incluye, además de alemán, inglés y francés, también árabe, búlgaro, chino, polaco, rumano, o ruso y cuya metodología se basa en tres pilares fundamentales: formación, prácticas externas e investigación.

Society, universities and business companies are entities that must walk together. In this regard, and based on the present multicultural and multilingual reality we live in, it seems necessary to analyze the strategies and solutions that have been taking over these years of constant change. In this paper I will focus on one of the many solutions taken from the university. It is my intention to analyze the experience of the design, implementation and evaluation of the European Master´s in Intercultural Communication, Public Service Interpreting and Translation offered at the university of Alcalá in nine different language combinations- English, French, German, Arabic, Bulgarian, Chinese, Polish, Romanian, and Russian- and whose methodology is based on three fundamental pillars: training, internships, and research.

Valero Garcés, Carmen, and Sofía Monzón. 2018. "El presente de la traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos en la zona centro." In Panorama de la traducción y la interpretación en los servicios públicos españoles: una década de cambios, retos y oportunidades, edited by Ana Foulquie Rubio, Mireia Vargas-Urpi and María Magdalena Fernández Pérez, 119-136. Granada: Comares.

Logroño. Retos del siglo XXI en comunicación intercultural: nuevo mapa lingüístico y cultural de España.

Valero Garcés, Carmen, and Mustapha Taibi. 2006. "El Grupo FITISPos, Formación e Investigación en Traducción e Interpretación en los Servicios Públicos." Revista española de lingüística aplicada Extra 1: 205-216.

internal-pdf://3005945165/Valero Garcés-2006-El Grupo FITISPos, Formació.pdf.

Valero Garcés, Carmen, and Rebeca Tripton. 2017. Ideology, Ethics and Policy Development in Public Service Interpreting and Translation. Bristol: Multilingual Matters.

internal-pdf://3516616332/Valero Garcés-2017-Ideology, Ethics and Policy.pdf.

Valero-Garcés, Carmen. 2007. "Challenges in multilingual societies. The myth of the invisible interpreter and translator." Across Languages and Cultures 8 (1): 81-101. https://doi.org/10.1556/Acr.8.2007.1.5.

ABSTRACT: This paper concentrates on communication with minority groups through a third party or intermediary in the public services. The variety of settings in which these encounters take place (hospitals, schools, government offices, police stations, customs checkpoints, etc.) raises questions on the role played by this intermediary, the importance of culture, the recognition of his/her job as a profession, the acceptance of the varied forms of professionalism, and the consideration of the different attitudes of the society and its institutions. This study concentrates on the different names and roles assigned to this link, with special emphasis on one of them: the interpreter and translator, and the debate surrounding the new roles he/she should (or should not) perform.

internal-pdf://3516616660/Valero Garcés-2007-Challenges in Multilingual.pdf.

Valero-Garcés, Carmen. 2011. Traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos en un mundo interconectado = Public service interpreting and translation in the wild wired world [Recurso electrónico]: TISP en Internet = PSIT in WWW. Alcalá de Henares: Universidad de Alcalá, Servicio de Publicaciones.

ABSTRACT: En su interior el lector encontrará descripción de proyectos y experiencias relacionadas con temas diversos tales como la aplicación de las nuevas tecnologías a la traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos; avances en la interpretación remota; estudios sobre la aplicación de las nuevas tecnologías en la comunicación intercultural; análisis de la figura del intérprete "a distancia"; formación de traductores o intérpretes basada en las nuevas tecnologías; o investigación y puesta en práctica de soluciones conjuntas entre instituciones públicas y educativas en este mundo interconectado - o dicho de otro modo TISP en INTERNET.

internal-pdf://3172685118/_-2011-Traducción e interpretación en los serv.pdf.

Valero-Garcés, Carmen. 2018. "Interpreting and Translating in the Spanish Asylum and Refugee Office: A Case Study." The European Legacy 23 (7-8): 773-786. https://doi.org/10.1080/10848770.2018.1492813.

ABSTRACT: In recent years, with Europe witnessing its worst refugee crisis since the Second World War, the process of applying for asylum in a foreign country has become the focus of numerous studies and research programs. The aim of the present article is to explore the subject through a case study of the issues and complexities surrounding the interpreting and translation services offered by the Spanish Asylum and Refugee Office (OAR). The data is based on two surveys: the first focused on the professionals’ views of the role of translators and interpreters, and the second on translators and interpreters working in the field of international protection. The findings obtained from these studies may prove useful for improving the various interpreting and translation training pro- grams and services that are crucial for managing the refugee crisis and the multiple problems associated with it.

internal-pdf://4022819424/Valero-Garcés-2018-Interpreting and Translatin.pdf.

Valero-Garcés, Carmen. 2021. "A place for the human factor in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic. As a way of introduction." Fitispos 8 (1): 1-8.

internal-pdf://4059242965/Valero-Garcés-2021-A place for the human facto.pdf.

Valero-Garcés, Carmen. 2021. "Un lugar para el factor humano en medio de la pandemia COVID-19. A modo de introducción." Fitispos 8 (1): 9-16.

internal-pdf://1129565772/Valero-Garcés-2021-Un lugar para el factor hum.pdf.

Valero-Garcés, Carmen. 2021. "Interview with Aimee, Chief Director of Translators Without Borders (TWB)." Fitispos 8 (1): 155-159.

internal-pdf://2044896871/Valero-Garcés-2021-Interview with Aimee, Chief.pdf.

Valero-Garcés, Carmen. 2021. "Entrevista con Aimee, Directora Jefe de Traductores sin Fronteras (TWB)." Fitispos 8 (1): 160-165.

internal-pdf://3172685049/Valero-Garcés-2021-Entrevista con Aimee, Direc.pdf.

Valero-Garcés, Carmen, and Elena Alcalde Peñalver. 2021. "Empathy in PSI: Where we stand and where to go from here." Fitispos 8 (1): 17-27.

internal-pdf://3130390026/Valero-Garcés-2021-Empathy in PSI_ Where we st.pdf.

Valero-Garcés, Carmen, and Anne Martin, eds. 2008. Crossing Borders in Community Interpreting: Definitions and Dilemmas. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.

ABSTRACT: At conferences and in the literature on community interpreting there is one burning issue that reappears constantly: the interpreter’s role. What are the norms by which the facilitators of communication shape their role? Is there indeed only one role for the community interpreter or are there several? Is community interpreting aimed at facilitating communication, empowering individuals by giving them a voice or, in wider terms, at redressing the power balance in society? In this volume scholars and practitioners from different countries address these questions, offering a representative sample of ongoing research into community interpreting in the Western world, of interest to all who have a stake in this form of interpreting. The opening chapter establishes the wider contextual and theoretical framework for the debate. It is followed by a section dealing with codes and standards and then moves on to explore the interpreter’s role in various different settings: courts and police, healthcare, schools, occupational settings and social services.

internal-pdf://1662981768/Valero Garcés-2008-Crossing Borders in Communi.pdf

Vargas-Urpí, Mireia. 2011. "La traducción escrita en los servicios públicos: análisis exploratorio de los materiales online para la comunidad china de Cataluña." In Traducción e interpretación en los servicios públicos en un mundo interconectado = Public service interpreting and translation in the wild wired world [Recurso electrónico]: TISP en Internet = PSIT in WWW, 134-146. Alcalá de Henares: Universidad de Alcalá, Servicio de Publicaciones, D.L.2011.

Vargas-Urpi, Mireia. 2011. "The Interdisciplinary Approach in Community Interpreting Research." New Voices in Translation Studies 7.

ABSTRACT: Community interpreting is a complex activity that has been studied from many different angles. Based on a review of the literature, this paper aims to highlight the importance of an interdisciplinary approach in community interpreting research, as well as the close relationship between the theoretical and methodological frameworks that have been used to date. As a prospective study and by describing theories applied from five different fields (i.e. anthropology, sociology, applied linguistics, communication sciences and psychology), it seeks to provide a comprehensive outline of the interdisciplinary approach adopted in community interpreting research as a basis for future studies in this field. Finally, it suggests a map for this interdisciplinarity, which attempts to reflect how the differentdisciplines canconvergeandcomplementeachotherforthepurposeofresearch.

internal-pdf://1960709764/Vargas-Urpi-2011-The Interdisciplinary Approac.pdf.

Vargas-Urpí, Mireia. 2013. "El papel de las entidades contratantes en la interpretación en los servicios públicos: ejemplos del contexto catalán." Sendebar: Revista de la Facultad de Traducción e Interpretación (24): 43-72.

ABSTRACT: The present paper is set in Catalonia and focuses on the organisations that provide public service interpreting (PSI) and intercultural mediation (IM) in education, social and healthcare settings, which are mainly public-funded associations and institutions. The present research is based on content and discourse analysis of in-depth interviews to the coordinators of the associations or institutions which provide PSI or IM. Relying on this qualitative approach to compare views, we study issues such as informants’ definition of the service they are in charge of, their perception of the interpreters’ role and functions, or their attitude towards the use of ethical codes. In the conclusion, employers’ engagement and influence in interpreters’ performance will be discussed and their important role in the development of PSI as a profession will be stressed.

El presente artículo se enmarca en Cataluña y se acerca a las entidades contratantes en la interpretación en los servicios públicos (ISP) y la mediación intercultural (MI) de los ámbitos educativo, social y sanitario – mayoritariamente, asociaciones sin ánimo de lucro e instituciones públicas. Se trata de una investigación cualitativa basada en el análisis de contenidos y en el análisis del discurso de entrevistas en profundidad a los coordinadores de las entidades que proporcionan servicios de ISP o de MI. Este en enfoque nos permite comparar puntos de vista y centrarnos específicamente en cuestiones como la definición del servicio que coordinan, su percepción del papel y de la funciones del intérprete o su actitud hacia el uso de códigos éticos. A modo de conclusión, reflexionaremos sobre la influencia que las entidades ejercen en los intérpretes y subrayaremos su rol importante en el desarrollo de la ISP como profesión.

internal-pdf://1065311501/Vargas-Urpí-2013-El papel de las entidades con.pdf.

Vargas-Urpi, Mireia. 2013. "PSI y / o mediación intercultural: la realidad de los professional que trabajan en el contexto catalán." Cuadernos Aldeeu 25. http://aldeeu.org/cuadernos/index.php/CALDEEEU/article/view/38.

internal-pdf://3516616081/Vargas-Urpi-2013-PSI y _ o mediación intercult.pdf.

Vargas-Urpi, Mireia. 2013. "Coping with Nonverbal Communication in Public Service Interpreting with Chinese Immigrants." Journal of Intercultural Communication Research 42 (4): 340-360. https://doi.org/10.1080/17475759.2013.838985.

internal-pdf://0304088663/Vargas-Urpi-2013-Coping with Nonverbal Communi.pdf

internal-pdf://4098439482/Vargas-Urpi-2013-Coping with Nonverbal Commun1.pdf.

Vargas-Urpi, Mireia. 2014. "Public service interpreting for Chinese immigrants in Catalonia: a study based on intepreters', coordinators' and users' views." Language and Intercultural Communication 14 (4): 475-499. https://doi.org/10.1080/14708477.2014.934691.

internal-pdf://1101513507/Vargas-Urpi-2014-Public service interpreting f.pdf

internal-pdf://0502278599/Vargas-Urpi-2014-Public service interpreting 2.pdf.

Vargas-Urpi, Mireia. 2015. "Problems and strategies in public service interpreting as perceived by a sample of Chinese-Catalan/Spanish interpreters." Perspectives 24 (4): 666-678. https://doi.org/10.1080/0907676x.2015.1069861.

internal-pdf://0628174640/Vargas-Urpi-2015-Problems and strategies in pu.pdf.

Vargas-Urpi, Mireia. 2016. "La Difícil Tarea de Dar Respuesta a las Necesidades de Formación en Interpretación en los Servicios Públicos (ISP) en Cataluña: 10 años de Avances y Retrocesos." FITISPos International Journal 3.

internal-pdf://3907727194/Vargas-Urpi-2016-La Difícil Tarea de Dar Respu.pdf.

Vargas-Urpi, Mireia. 2017. "Combining different methods of data collection in public service interpreting doctoral research: Examples from the Spanish context." Translation & Interpreting: The International Journal of Translation and Interpreting Research 9 (1): 88-101. https://doi.org/10.12807/ti.109201.2017.a07.

ABSTRACT: During the past ten years, public service interpreting (PSI) has become a flourishing field of research. Different kinds of studies have explored issues such as the role of public service interpreters, accuracy and deviations in their renditions, or primary participants’ views on and expectations of PSI. In terms of research methods, it is becoming increasingly popular to combine different data collection methods in the field of PSI, especially in large research projects. The aim of this article is to describe how multiple datasets have been used in a sample of studies. It presents a review of PhD dissertations in Spain that have combined different kinds of surveys, focus groups and/or direct observation. This is followed by a description of how a multimethod approach can contribute to the advance of PSI research and how it can compensate for the limitations of certain single-method approaches to PSI. It argues that, while multimethod research may be more demanding and time-consuming from the researcher’s point of view, it is more effective in terms of providing a holistic view of the object of study.

internal-pdf://0304088709/Vargas-Urpi-2017-Combining different methods o.pdf.

Vargas-Urpi, Mireia. 2018. "Official bilingualism meets de facto multilingualism: public service interpreting for the Chinese in Catalonia." International Journal of the Sociology of Language 2018 (251): 37. https://doi.org/10.1515/ijsl-2018-0003. https://www.degruyter.com/view/j/ijsl.2018.2018.issue-251/ijsl-2018-0003/ijsl-2018-0003.xml.

internal-pdf://2426206074/Vargas-Urpi-2018-Official bilingualism meets d.pdf.

Vargas-Urpi, Mireia. 2018. "Judged in a Foreign Language: A Chinese-Spanish Court Interpreting Case Study." The European Legacy 23 (7-8): 787-803. https://doi.org/10.1080/10848770.2018.1492814.

ABSTRACT: Recent legislation in Spain has transposed Directive 2010/64/EU, which recognises interpretation as an essential tool for safeguard- ing fairness in criminal proceedings, in particular, for preventing any state of defencelessness. Previous research, however, has suggested important deficiencies in court interpreting in this country. This article analyses court interpreting from Chinese to Spanish, based on a case study of a recording of a criminal trial that took place in Barcelona in February 2015. The trial was transcribed verbatim and annotated in accordance with Cecilia Wadensjö’s distinction between “talk as text” and “talk as activity.” The analysis focuses on examples of errors of interpretation (non- translated speech acts, omissions, and additions), speech style and non-renditions. The results are compared with those of a corpus of 55 court proceedings in which the interpretation was from Spanish to English and from French to Romanian. The article concludes with a discussion of the factors—such as lack of specialised train- ing, lack of deontological codes or general unawareness of the interpreter’s role—that may have affected the quality of the inter- pretation in the trial analysed. The low proportion of interpretation during that court session (only 17.6% of the total duration) is perhaps the most striking result of the case study.

internal-pdf://3006967720/Vargas-Urpi-2018-Judged in a Foreign Language_.pdf.

Vargas-Urpi, Mireia. 2018. "Sight translation in Public service interpreting: a dyadic or triadic exchange?" The Interpreter and Translator Trainer 13 (1): 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1080/1750399x.2018.1503834.

ABSTRACT: Sight translation (ST) has always been considered one of the tasks covered in Public Service Interpreting (PSI). It has been included in handbooks, and it is also a frequent exercise in PSI assessment. However, few studies have analysed how ST is performed in the framework of a triadic interaction. This study is an attempt to redress this gap and is part of a larger experimental research project based on simulations. Five Chinese-Spanish/Catalan inter- preters and intercultural mediators were asked to interpret in a series of interactions that recreated meetings between public service providers and Chinese users in social services and educa- tion. One simulation included an ST task, which is the focus of this article. It was possible to draw comparisons between the partici- pants in the study because they all had to perform the same ST task under almost identical conditions. The simulations were recorded so they could be transcribed and analysed. Analysis of the data reflects that ST is not monologic, as is often presented in handbooks or assessment exercises, but dialogic, either dyadic or triadic, with meaning being co-constructed orally. The intercultural mediation strategies used by some of the participants in the study are also considered in the discussion.

internal-pdf://1734574862/Vargas-Urpi-2018-Sight translation in Public s.pdf.

Vargas-Urpí, Mireia, Anna Gil-Bardají, and Marta Arumí Ribas. 2013. "Inmigrantes en Cataluña: ¿una comunicación efectiva en los servicios públicos?" Hermēneus. Revista de Traducción e Interpretación 15.

internal-pdf://0628174935/Vargas-Urpí-2013-Inmigrantes en Cataluña_ ¿una.pdf.

Vermeiren, Hildegard. 2019. "What starting public service interpreters in the EU should know about legislation: the case of Belgium and the Netherlands." FITISPos International Journal: Public Service Interpreting and Translation (6): 183-204.

ABSTRACT: The interpreting profession weaves its way through a tangled web of legal provisions.Especially in the areas of immigration, the court, the police or social services, third-party rights play an important role, and language assistance is needed to act following the law. Freelance interpreters are contracted. These interpreters have opted for entrepreneurship and private-law relationships with their clients. The public-law sphere, however, is very much a part of their activities, through their training, certification, fees they earn, but also taxation. Due to growing professionalization, higher demands are being placed on interpreters. Requirements nowadays are much stricter than an oath of faithful translation. This paper discusses what starting public service interpreters need to know about legal provisions when starting their career as entrepreneurs in Belgium and the Netherlands. / En la profesión de intérprete se cruzan numerosas disposiciones legales. Especialmente en los sectores de inmigración, tribunales y servicios policiales o sociales, los derechos de terceros desempeñan un papel esencial, y la asistencia lingüística es importante para la legalidad de las acciones. Se contrata a intérpretes freelance. Estos han optado por hacerse autónomos y por las relaciones de derecho privado con sus clientes. Sin embargo, la esfera del derecho público está muy presente en sus vidas, a través de su formación, certificación, despliegue, tarifación e impuestos.Debido a la creciente profesionalización del sector, el nivel exigido a los intérpretes es cada vez superior. Hoy en día, los criterios son más estrictos que el tradicional juramento de fidelidad. Comentamos lo que los jóvenes intérpretes necesitan saber al lanzarse como emprendedores en Bélgica y los Países Bajos

internal-pdf://2133626744/Vermeiren-2019-What starting public service in.pdf.

Viezzi, Maurizio. 2016. "PSTI: The way forward / TISP: Un camino por recorrer." Training, testing and accreditation in PSIT / Formación, evaluación y acreditación en TISP, Alcalá de Henares.

Vitalaru, Bianca, Maria Pérez-Mateo Subirà, Carmen Valero Garcés, Juana María Sancho Gil, Leticia Fraga Colman, Judith Arrazola Carballo, Raquel Miño Puigcercós, and Xavier Giró Gràcia. 2012. "New Technologies for Enhancing Interpreting Competence in PSIT Training." In III European Conference on Information Technology in Education and Society: A Critical Insight, 220-222. Barcelona.

Vitalaru, Bianca, and Laura Rodríguez Galán. 2018. "Educación abierta y enseñanza de la traducción a través de cursos MOOC de España y del Reino Unido: análisis comparativo." FITISPos international journal: public service interpreting and translation (5): 83-113.

ABSTRACT: This article has two main objectives. On the one hand, it will focus on presenting four MOOC courses in the field of translation in Spain and in the United Kingdom and on analyzing different aspects related to their design and structure. It should be noted that, according to our research, the selected courses seem to be more representative in terms of the subject (translation in general and PSIT in particular) and in terms of the linguistic combination (Spanish-English) that we are interested in. Specifically, different types of elements will be compared, from more general aspects related to their creation (such as the platform where they have been uploaded, the access, the languages in which it is taught, the duration and the possibilities of obtaining a certificate of completion) to more specific aspects such as the objectives, the structure, the topics and different design strategies. On the other hand, the main design aspects that affect its structure, such as the number of theoretical blocks, videos, activities and self-evaluations, as well as the possibilities of gathering data on the users’ profile and evaluating their level of satisfaction, will also be highlighted. Finally, the comparative analysis of the courses will allow us to draw conclusions and our own reflections on the applicability of what we considered as different strategies used by the authors in the design of MOOCs in the field of translation. These aspects may be useful for the development of future MOOCs on more specialized translation, for example, in the field of the PSIT in Spain, in which, according to the research of the FITISPos-UAH group, the training offer is still very scarce.

Este artículo tiene dos objetivos principales. Por un lado, se centrará en presentar cuatro cursos MOOC del campo de la traducción en España y en el Reino Unido y analizar diferentes aspectos relacionados con su diseño y estructura. Cabe señalar que, según nuestra investigación, los cursos seleccionados parecen ser más representativos en cuanto a la temática (la traducción en general y la TISP en particular) y a la combinación lingüística (español-inglés) que nos interesa. Específicamente, se compararán diferentes tipos de elementos, desde aspectos más generales relacionados con su creación (como la plataforma en la que se alojan, el acceso, los idiomas en los que se imparte, la duración o las posibilidades de obtención de certificado) hasta aspectos más específicos como los objetivos, la estructura, el temario y diferentes estrategias de diseño. Por otro lado, también se destacarán los principales aspectos de diseño que afectan a su estructura como el número de bloques teóricos, vídeos teóricos, actividades prácticas y autoevaluaciones, así como las posibilidades de recogida de datos y evaluación del nivel de satisfacción de los usuarios. Finalmente, del análisis comparativo de los cursos se extraerán conclusiones y nuestras propias reflexiones sobre la aplicabilidad de lo que consideraremos como diferentes estrategias utilizadas por los autores en el diseño de MOOCs en el campo de la traducción. Todos estos aspectos pueden ser de utilidad para la elaboración de futuros MOOC sobre traducción más específicos, por ejemplo, en el campo de la TISP en España, en el que, según las investigaciones del grupo FITISPos, la oferta formativa sigue siendo muy escasa.

internal-pdf://3037058826/Vitalaru-2018-Educación abierta y enseñanza de.pdf.

Vitalaru, Bianca, and Carmen Valero Garcés. 2020. "MOOC as a free, digital tool for different profiles providing introductory trainingin PSIT: Analysis and reflections." Translation and translanguaging in multilingual contexts 6 (2): 183-210.

ABSTRACT: In this article we present the results of the implementation of a MOOC providing an introduction in Public Service Interpreting and Translation (PSIT) for a variety of backgrounds and profiles, from people working with foreign population, to people who have no formal training and are ad-hoc interpreters, as well as people interested in learning about PSIT. The ultimate goal of the MOOC is to provide general information and to raise awareness about the complexity of the field, as well as to offer the possibility of learning and practicing some of the principles and strategies presented so that those interested in deepening their knowledge and skills may do so with more formal training. It is in this context that the article presents some of the findings obtained since its implementation given the variety of personal profiles and student backgrounds registered in the course as well as the evaluation of aspects related to its design such as duration, access to information, difficulties and, in general, aspects that enabled us to identify students’ perceptions on the usefulness, effectiveness and applicability of the course.

.

Vuori, Jaana, and Sari Hokkanen. 2020. "Empirical Designs in PSIT Studies." FITISPos International Journal 7: 110-137.

ABSTRACT: This article examines the types of research designs used in empirical studies on public service interpreting and translation (PSIT). Our data consists of 81 journal articles, articles published in collected volumes, and doctoral dissertations published in English or German in 2009-2018, derived from the Translation Studies Bibliography. Our analysis is structured according to the main data used in the research design (interactional data, interviews, textual data, questionnaires, ethnographic observations, and multi-data designs). We describe what kinds of research questions are posed, which data are used, and how the analysis is portrayed. The objects of study are categorized on a methodological metalevel into (1) facts, (2) views, (3) cultural meanings and practices, (4) experiences, (5) social relations, and (6) interaction. In addition, we discuss whether the overall aim of the studies is to analyze the researched phenomenon from a factual perspective or from a social-constructivist perspective emphasizing cultural meanings. The most frequent object of study is interpreted interaction, and it seems to be the most nuanced from an analytical perspective as well. The other meta-level objects of study are either more varied in terms of analytical depth or not equally recognized for their possible research value in PSIT. Most studies in our data take a factual perspective, and studies on cultural meanings attached to PSIT seem rare. Our results indicate a need for further development in empirical designs in PSIT research.

internal-pdf://2044897080/Vuori-2020-Empirical Designs in PSIT Studies.pdf.

Wallace, Melissa, and Esther Monzó Nebot. 2019. "La traducció i la interpretació jurídiques en els serveis públics: definició de qüestions clau, revisió de polítiques i delimitació del públic de la traducció i la interpretació jurídiques en els serveis públics." Revista de Llengua i Dret 71: 1-12.

ABSTRACT: This monographic section of the Revista de Llengua i Dret, Journal of Language and Law presents the findings of six critical perspectives on translation and interpreting policies and practices in modern societies that pose challenges for public institutions. Taking a critical and empirical stance, the papers provide data and reflections on how language access is critical to fulfilling fundamental rights and ensuring the ability of institutions to implement their mandates effectively. The introductory article reviews the role of public services in present-day multilingual societies and of translation and interpreting in relation to the policies governing language access. It goes on to review conflicting implicit theories of translation and interpreting by providing a brief discussion of the roles prescribed and described for translators and interpreters. Finally, it proceeds to present the papers, which are constructed around two axes: (a) an examination of practices capable of providing evidence for policy redesign and reform; and (b) a fundamental review of the role of public service interpreting and translation (PSIT) itself, conducted by means of comparative studies which examine the needs and perceptions of PSIT in various domains, and the challenges of training in the face of emerging realities.

internal-pdf://0719884712/intro CA v1.docx

internal-pdf://2044897232/Wallace-2019-La traducció i la interpretació j.pdf.

Wallace, Melissa, and Esther Monzo Nebot. 2019. "Legal Translation and Interpreting in Public Services: Defining Key Issues, Re-Examining Policies, and Locating the Public in Public Service Interpreting and Translation." Revista De Llengua I Dret-Journal of Language and Law (71): 1-12. https://doi.org/10.2436/rld.i71.2019.3311.

ABSTRACT: This monographic section of the Revista de Llengua i Dret, Journal of Language and Law presents the findings of six critical perspectives on translation and interpreting policies and practices in modern societies that pose challenges for public institutions. Taking a critical and empirical stance, the papers provide data and reflections on how language access is critical to fulfilling fundamental rights and ensuring the ability of institutions to implement their mandates effectively. The introductory article reviews the role of public services in present-day multilingual societies and of translation and interpreting in relation to the policies governing language access. It goes on to review conflicting implicit theories of translation and interpreting by providing a brief discussion of the roles prescribed and described for translators and interpreters. Finally, it proceeds to present the papers, which are constructed around two axes: (a) an examination of practices capable of providing evidence for policy redesign and reform; and (b) a fundamental review of the role of public service interpreting and translation (PSIT) itself, conducted by means of comparative studies which examine the needs and perceptions of PSIT in various domains, and the challenges of training in the face of emerging realities.

.

Wallace, Melissa, and Esther Monzó-Nebot. 2019. "Legal translation and interpreting in public services: Defining key issues, re-examining policies, and locating the public in public service interpreting and translation." Revista de Llengua i Dret 71: 1-12.

ABSTRACT: This monographic section of the Revista de Llengua i Dret, Journal of Language and Law presents the findings of six critical perspectives on translation and interpreting policies and practices in modern societies that pose challenges for public institutions. Taking a critical and empirical stance, the papers provide data and reflections on how language access is critical to fulfilling fundamental rights and ensuring the ability of institutions to implement their mandates effectively. The introductory article reviews the role of public services in present-day multilingual societies and of translation and interpreting in relation to the policies governing language access. It goes on to review conflicting implicit theories of translation and interpreting by providing a brief discussion of the roles prescribed and described for translators and interpreters. Finally, it proceeds to present the papers, which are constructed around two axes: (a) an examination of practices capable of providing evidence for policy redesign and reform; and (b) a fundamental review of the role of public service interpreting and translation (PSIT) itself, conducted by means of comparative studies which examine the needs and perceptions of PSIT in various domains, and the challenges of training in the face of emerging realities.

internal-pdf://1687926452/intro CA v1.docx

internal-pdf://3829175594/Wallace-2019-Legal translation and interpretin.pdf.

Weiss, Nicole. 2005. "Interkulturelles Übersetzen in der verbalen Therapie." MA.

internal-pdf://2992351350/Weiss-2005-Interkulturelles Übersetzen in der.pdf.

De Wilde, July, Ella van Hest, Pascal Rillof, and Lies Van Poucke. 2021. "Observing briefly trained, non-certified interpreters at work: Risk Analysis." Fitispos 8 (1): 140-154.

internal-pdf://1734574546/Wilde-2021-Observing briefly trained, non-cert.pdf.

Willen, Sarah S. 2011. "Pas de Trois: Medical Interpreters, Clinical Dilemmas, and the Patient-Provider-Interpreter Triad." In Shattering Culture. American Medicine Responds to Cultural Diversity, edited by Mary-Jo del Vecchio Good, Sarah S. Willen, Seth Donal Hannah, Ken Vickery and Lawrence Taeseng Park.

internal-pdf://1175238999/Willen-2011-Pas de Trois_ Medical Interpreters.pdf

Zeng, Yu, and Hongying Zhang. 2014. "Comparative Study on Traning in Public Service Interpreting Using Chinese as Work Language in China and other Countries." FITISPos International Journal 1.

internal-pdf://3803961679/Zeng-2014-Comparative Study on Traning in Publ.pdf.

Zimányi, Krisztina. 2009. "On impartiality and neutrality: a diagrammatic tool as a visual aid." Translation & Interpreting: The International Journal of Translation and Interpreting Research 1 (2): 55-70.

ABSTRACT: The present article revisits the role of the interpreter by examining a case study within a forensic psychology setting. During the session with a nine-year-old boy as the service user and a forensic psychologist as the service provider, the interpreter faces an ethical dilemma. The story the young boy presents is in conflict with information he has previously disclosed to the interpreter. The paper proposes the development of diagrammatic representations to help the interpreter position themselves within the communicative triad by presenting the interpreter’s role along two axes – the impartiality axis and the involvement axis. Given the complex nature of the forensic psychology setting, interpreter role definitions in community interpreting in general and in mental health interpreting and legal interpreting in particular provide a backdrop to the argument. Finally, the role of the interpreter is defined in terms of the nature of the session rather than the broader interpreting environment, whereby the interpreter needs to constantly reconsider their position to the primary participants.

internal-pdf://2442186214/Zimányi-2009-On impartiality and neutrality_ a.pdf.

Zimányi, Krisztina. 2013. "“Somebody has to be in charge of a session”: On the control of communication in interpreter-mediated mental health encounters." Translation and Interpreting Studies 8 (1): 94-111. https://doi.org/10.1075/tis.8.1.05zim.

internal-pdf://3130390643/Zimányi-2013-“Somebody has to be in charge of.pdf.