Oesophageal AdenoCarcinoma is invariably a mutation of cells of Barrett's Oesophagus.
What we know:
Barrett's cell mutation has nothing to do with continued reflux of acid, although it's possible more of the oesophagus could be affected and more Barrett's could appear to protect it.
The chapter on Surgery and Cancer shows this has no effect.
A 2023 paper cited there concludes, "Patients with Barrett’s esophagus who undergo antireflux surgery do not seem to have a lower risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma than those using antireflux medication."
As reported here, "Can PPIs protect against cancer?", many studies appear to show PPI's provide a chemo-protective effect ranging form 20% to 70% together with a suggestion as to the mechanism: “The proton pump inhibitor pantoprazole disrupts protein degradation systems and sensitizes cancer cells to death under various stresses.”
There is conflicting evidence as to whether H2 blockers provide a lesser of chemo-protection with one study claiming, "PPI use to be associated with 41% lower risk, and H2 bockers with 30% lower risk."
It is not known yet whether PCABs offer any protection.
Any cell in the human body can mutate through repeated copying errors in the cell cycle.
Normally the T cells of ou immune system will seek out any mutant cells to destroy them. However, because Barrett's' cells aren't usually found in that part of the body, they are ignored.
It has been found that PPIs can cause mutating cells to destroy themselves.
The Barretts Esophagus Awareness FaceBook group has also shown the risk of death from OAC for those taking daily PPI and regular surveillance is virtually zero. (See Reduced risk amongst those who know they have Barrett's.)
Page updated 7 April 2025