also: Dynamic Range Compression (DRC)
noun
An operation of audio signal processing that consist either in reducing the volume of loud sounds or in amplifying quiet sounds. Compression is used in sound recording, music post-production, or broadcasting typically in order to prevent a sound from being too loud. The other common aim of compression is to play with the volume of a sound, especially sounds of percussion instruments, in order to make them sound more strikingly. A hardware or software (plug-in) unit that applies compression is called a compressor.
The waveform of a piano without a compression (the first half), and with a compression (the other half)
The sound of a piano without a compression (the first half), and with a compression (the other half)