This helps objects abide by the laws of physics as a car cannot start driving at 60 mph and needs to accelerate so the timing and spacing of objects helps them look much more realistic. 

This is where a moving action is exagerrated to either show how fast/abrupt something is. For example if a character is running fast then the hair will be flying back intensely. 

This helps to emphasise the main action in the scene without drawing the attention away from it. It helps give the character more of a dimension and makes them appear more human.

This adds depth and volume to an object or character to create a more detailed design and shape.

Exageration is where the character goes over the top. For example if a character gets jump scared they will jump above a house to emphasise that it really scared them and can help actions look more obvious.

Staging determines where on screen the certain characters are. If you want a character to be in the spotlight you would need them to stand out instead of blending in with a large group of people.

This is a technique within animation that displays an objects mass, density and volume. If an object is dropping to the ground at a rapid pace then it'll get longer and narrower to show it's speed and if its soft like a foam ball it'll flatten upon impact. However, if the object is solid such as a bowling then it'll stay the same shape.

Characters need to be interesting and appealing to the audience and if theyr'e not then people won't care for them therefore this is one of the most important principles and even adding high-vis jacket to a builder can help this.

This is the process of doing the animation. Many animators do one ore the other dependign on their preference.

Arcs are used to make an objects actions more realistic. If a ball was bouncing in a straight line when thrown at an angle it wouldn't look real.

This tells you when an action is about to take place because it gives you visual cues so you are aware when something will happen so you aren't caught off guard.

Timing cam help indicate someones mood or make a joke more humourous. It is simply done by either speeding something up or slowing it down.