First we’ll login to the MySQL server from the command line with the following command:
mysql -u root -p
In this case, I’ve specified the user root with the -u flag, and then used the -p flag so MySQL prompts for a password. Enter your current password to complete the login.
mysql> SELECT DATABASE();
mysql> use databasename;
mysql> SHOW TABLES;
mysql> DESCRIBE cache_criteria;
If you want to back up a single database, you merely create the dump and send the output into a file, like so:
mysqldump database_name > database_name.sql
Multiple databases can be backed up at the same time:
mysqldump --databases database_one database_two > two_databases.sql
In the code above, database_one is the name of the first database to be backed up, and database_two is the name of the second.
It is also simple to back up all of the databases on a server:
mysqldump --all-databases > all_databases.sql
************************************************************************************
Since the dump files are just SQL commands, you can restore the database backup by telling mysql to run the commands in it and put the data into the proper database.
mysql database_name < database_name.sql
In the code above, database_name is the name of the database you want to restore, and database_name.sql is the name of the backup file to be restored..
If you are trying to restore a single database from dump of all the databases, you have to let mysql know like this:
mysql --one-database database_name < all_databases.sql
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. OPTIMIZE TABLE
You can use OPTIMIZE TABLE as you mentionned it but you should care about the innodb_file_per_table variable :
mysql> show variables like "innodb_file_per_table";+-----------------------+-------+| Variable_name | Value |+-----------------------+-------+| innodb_file_per_table | ON |+-----------------------+-------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)