Austroasiatic loanwords

Map

Red: Northern Austroasiatic linkage and its extant branches

Blue: Sino-Tibetan branches that have borrowed significantly from Austroasiatic

Purple: Homeland of Proto-Austroasiatic in the upper Pearl River drainage basin during the Late Neolithic, prior to its westward and southward expansion into Indochina ca. 4,000 B.P.

List of Austroasiatic loanwords in Sino-Tibetan branches

Other basic words

leg/foot

Mru yəŋ¹

Lepcha dyáŋ

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*Austroasiatic *ɟəːŋ SidwellRau2015

needle

#5371 PTB *p(r/y)im NEEDLE

*Kuki-Chin *phrim VanBik 09 PKC:1339

*Tangkhulic *prim Mortensen 12 Tk:449

other Naga branches, Meithei, Sal

Karbi ing prim

Bodo bi zi

Koch bi ji

ear

#2087 NEIA *twar EAR (in compounds)

na thúr ten ná earlobe Moyon

no ang thor earhole Mikir [Karbi]

kamá se tor bulge just opposite to the ear lobe Bodo

moon

#5404 PTB *krəy MOON / MOONLIGHT

PLB krəy¹ moon / moonlight

Lahu, Lalo

Naga: Angami-Pochuri *khrɯ, Zeme, Karbi

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*Austroasiatic *khaj SidwellRau2015

cheek

*Northern Naga *buam French 83:467

*Khmuic *pɔːm Sid2013:R:391

*Vietic *bɔːm Fer2007:R:750

Kaman [Miju]: wɑ̆l³⁵ 'hail'

Anu-Hkongso: two, spicy, pangolin, chicken

Kuki-Chin: sky

Lepcha: man

List of Austroasiatic loanwords by branch

Lolo-Burmese: animals, cultural words

buffalo

duck

spider

squirrel

tiger

bean

gourd

boat

axe

ladle

pot, jar

market

river (valley)

moon (moonlight)

Karenic: mostly animals

buffalo

tiger

bamboo rat

bat

excrement

horse

lungs

monitor lizard

pangolin

peacock

rattan

Lepcha: animals, cultural words, basic words

granary

net, fishing

knife

needle

excrement

dog

foot

jaw

monkey

mouth

water

year

Kuki-Chin: animals, cultural words, a few basic words

buffalo

bat

chicken

hornbill

bean

boat

buy

hail

excrement

needle

Konyak: animals, cultural words, a few basic words

buffalo

crab

hawk, eagle

bat

tiger

bean

boat

hail

navel

cheek

Tani: animals, cultural words

duck

pig

porcupine

bean

cucumber

mortar

net, fishing

excrement

Tangkhulic: animals, cultural words

boat

needle

river (valley)

bat

chicken

cattle [2 words]

Bodo-Garo: animals, cultural words

boat

bat

hawk, eagle

granary

needle

I (1st person singular)

Mruic: basic words

grass

leech, land

foot

person

I (1st person singular)

Ao: diffusion from Southern Kuki-Chin-Naga

boat

river (valley)