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Previous .....End of the shadow of the valley of Death
Christian catching up with the Faithful and their conversation
Now as Christian went on his way, he came to a little ascent, which was cast up on purpose that Pilgrims might see before them. Up there therefore Christian went, and looking forward, he saw Faithful before him, upon his Journey. Then said Christian aloud, Ho, ho, So-ho; stay, and I will be your Companion. At that Faithful looked behind him; to whom Christian cried again, Stay, stay, till I come up to you: But Faithful answered, No, I am upon my life, and the Avenger of Blood is behind me. At this Christian was somewhat moved, and putting to all his strength, he quickly got up with Faithful, and did also overrun him, so the last was first. Then did Christian vain-gloriously smile, because he had gotten the start of his Brother; but not taking good heed to his feet, he suddenly stumbled and fell, and could not rise again, until Faithful came up to help him. Then I saw in my Dream they went very lovingly on together, and had sweet discourse of all things that had happened to them in their Pilgrimage; and thus Christian began:
Christian: My honoured and well beloved Brother Faithful, I am glad that I have overtaken you; and that God has so tempered our spirits, that we can walk as Companions in this so pleasant a path.
Faithful: I had thought, dear friend, to have had your company quite from our Town; but you did get the start of me, wherefore I was forced to come thus much of the way alone.
Christian: How long did you stay in the City of Destruction, before you set out after me on your Pilgrimage?
Faithful: Till I could stay no longer; for there was great talk presently after you were gone out, that our City would in short time with fire from Heaven be burned down to the ground.
Christian: What, did your Neighbors talk so?
Faithful: Yes, 'twas for a while in everybody's mouth.
Christian: What, and did no more of them but you come out to escape the danger?
Faithful: Though there was, as I said, a great talk thereabout, yet I do not think they did firmly believe it. For in the heat of the discourse, I heard some of them derisively speak of you and of your desperate journey, (for so they called this your Pilgrimage) but I did believe, and do still, that the end of our City would be with fire and brimstone from above; and therefore I have made mine escape.
Christian: Did you hear no talk of Neighbor Pliable?
Faithful: Yes Christian, I heard that he followed you till he came at the Slough of Despond, where, as some said, he fell in; but he would not be known to have so done; but I am sure he was soundly bedabbled with that kind of dirt.
Christian: And what said the Neighbors to him?
Faithful: He hath since his going back been had greatly in derision, and that among all sorts of people; some do mock and despise him; and scarce will any set him on work. He is now seven times worse than if he had never gone out of the City.
Christian: But why should they be so set against him, since they also despise the way that he forsook?
Faithful: Oh, they say, Hang him, he is a turncoat, he was not true to his profession: I think God has stirred up even his enemies to hiss at him, and make him a Proverb, because he hath forsaken the way.
Christian: Had you no talk with him before you came out?
Faithful: I met him once in the Streets, but he leered away on the other side, as one ashamed of what he had done; so I spake not to him.
Christian: Well, at my first setting out, I had hopes of that man; but now I fear he will perish in the overthrow of the City, for it is happened to him according to the true Proverb, The dog is turned to his vomit again, and the sow that was washed to her wallowing in the mire.
Faithful:They are my fears of him too; but who can hinder that which will be?
Christian: Well Neighbor Faithful, said Christian, let us leave him, and talk of things that more immediately concern ourselves. Tell me now, what you have met with in the way as you came; for I know you have met with some things, or else it may be writ for a wonder.
Faithful: I escaped the Slough that I perceive you fell into, and got up to the Gate without that danger; only I met with one whose name was Wanton, that had like to have done me a mischief.
Christian: 'Twas well you escaped her net; Joseph was hard put to it by her, and he escaped her as you did; but it had like to have cost him his life. But what did she do to you?
Faithful: You cannot think (but that you know something) what a flattering tongue she had; she lay at me hard to turn aside with her, promising me all manner of content.
Christian: Nay, she did not promise you the content of a good conscience.
Faithful: You know what I mean, all carnal and fleshly content.
Christian: Thank God you have escaped her: The abhorred of the Lord shall fall into her ditch.
Faithful: Nay, I know not whether I did wholly escape her or no.
Christian: Why, I tro you did not consent to her desires.
Faithful: No, not to defile myself; for I remembered an old writing that I had seen, which saith, Her steps take hold of Hell. So I shut mine eyes, because I would not be bewitched with her looks: then she railed on me, and I went my way.
Christian: Did you meet with no other assault as you came? Adam, the first in the town of deceit with three daughters
Faithful: When I came to the foot of the Hill called Difficulty, I met with a very aged Man, who asked me, What I was, and whither bound? I told him, That I was a Pilgrim, going to the Celestial City. Then said the old man, Thou lookest like an honest fellow; wilt thou be content to dwell with me for the wages that I shall give thee? Then I asked him his name, and where he dwelt? He said his name was Adam the First, and I dwell in the Town of Deceit. I asked him then, What was his work? and what the wages that he would give? He told me, That his work was many delights; and his wages, that I should be his heir at last. I further asked him, What House he kept, and what other servants he had? So he told me, That his House was maintained with all the dainties in the world; and that his servants were those of his own begetting. Then I asked how many Children he had? He said that he had but three Daughters: The Lust of the Flesh, The Lust of the Eyes, and The Pride of Life, and that I should marry them all if I would. Then I asked him how long time he would have me live with him? And he told me, As long as he lived himself.
Christian: Well, and what conclusion came the old man and you to at last?
Faithful: Why, at first, I felt myself somewhat inclinable to go with the man, for I thought he spake very fair; but looking in his forehead, as I talked with him, I saw there written, Put off the old man with his deeds.
Christian: And how then?
Faithful: Then it came burning hot into my mind, whatever he said, and however he flattered, when he got me home to his House, he would sell me for a slave. So I bid him forbear to talk, for I would not come near the door of his House. Then he reviled me, and told me that he would send such a one after me, that should make my way bitter to my Soul. So I turned to go away from him; but just as I turned myself to go thence, I felt him take hold of my flesh and give me such a deadly twitch back, that I thought he had pulled part of me after himself. This made me cry, O wretched Man! So I went on my way up the Hill.
Now when I had got about halfway up, I looked behind me, and saw one coming after me, swift as the wind; so he overtook me just about the place where the settle stands.
Christian: Just there, said Christian, did I sit down to rest me; but being overcome with sleep, I there lost this Roll out of my bosom.
Faithful: But good Brother hear me out. So soon as the man overtook me, he was but a word and a blow, for down he knocked me, and laid me for dead. But when I was a little come to myself again, I asked him wherefore he served me so? He said, Because of my secret inclining to Adam the First: and with that he struck me another deadly blow on the breast, and beat me down backward, so I lay at his foot as dead as before. So when I came to myself again I cried him mercy; but he said, I know not how to shew mercy; and with that knocked me down again. He had doubtless made an end of me, but that one came by, and bid him forbear?
Christian: Who was that that bid him forbear?
Faithful: I did not know him at first, but as he went by, I perceived the holes in his hands and in his side; then I concluded that He was our Lord. So I went up the Hill.
Christian: That man that overtook you was Moses: He spareth none, neither knoweth he how to shew mercy to those that transgress his Law.
Faithful: I know it very well; it was not the first time that he has met with me. 'Twas he that came to me when I dwelt securely at home, and that told me, He would burn my house over my head if I stayed there.
Christian: But did you not see the house that stood there on the top of that Hill, on the side of which Moses met you?
Faithful: Yes, and the Lions too, before I came at it: but for the lions, I think they were asleep, for it was about noon; and because I had so much of the day before me, I passed by the Porter, and came down the Hill.
Christian: He told me indeed that he saw you go by, but I wish you had called at the house, for they would have shewed you so many rarities, that you would scarce have forgot them to the day of your death. But pray tell me, Did you meet nobody in the Valley of Humility?
Faithful: Yes, I met with one Discontent, who would willingly have persuaded me to go back again with him; his reason was, for that the Valley was altogether without honour. He told me moreover, that there to go was the way to disobey all my friends, as Pride, Arrogancy, Self-conceit, Worldly - glory, with others, who he knew, as he said, would be very much offended, if I made such a fool of myself as to wade through this Valley.
Christian: Well, and how did you answer him?
Faithful: I told him, That although all these that he had named might claim kindred of me, and that rightly, (for indeed they were my relations according to the flesh) yet since I became a Pilgrim they have disowned me, as I also have rejected them; and therefore they were to me now no more than if they had never been of my lineage. I told him moreover, that as to this Valley, he had quite misrepresented the thing; for before honour is humility, and a haughty spirit before a fall. Therefore said I, I had rather go through this Valley to the honour that was so accounted by the wisest, than chose the way which he esteemed most worthy our affections.
Christian: Met you with nothing else in that Valley?
Faithful: Yes, I met with Shame; but of all the men that I met with in my Pilgrimage, he I think bears the wrong name. The other would be said nay, after a little argumentation, (and somewhat else) but this boldfaced Shame would never have done.
Christian: Why, what did he say to you?
Faithful: What! why he objected against Religion itself; he said it was a pitiful low sneaking business for a man to mind Religion; he said that a tender conscience was an unmanly thing; and that for a man to watch over his words and ways, so as to tie up himself from that hectoring liberty that the brave spirits of the times accustom themselves unto, would make him the ridicule of the times. He objected also, that but few of the Mighty, Rich, or Wise, were ever of my opinion; nor any of them neither, before they were persuaded to be fools, and to be of a voluntary fondness to venture the loss of all, for nobody else knows what. He moreover, objected the base and low estate and condition of those that were chiefly the Pilgrims of the times in which they lived; also their ignorance, and want of understanding in all Natural Science. Yea, he did hold me to it at that rate also, about a great many more things than here I relate; as, that it was a shame to sit whining and mourning under a sermon, and a shame to come sighing and groaning home; that it was a shame to ask my neighbour forgiveness for petty faults, or to make restitution where I had taken from any. He said also that Religion made a man grow strange to the great, because of a few vices (which he called by finer names) and made him own and respect the base, because of the same Religious Fraternity. And is not this, said he, a shame?
Christian: And what did you say to him?
Faithful: Say! I could not tell what to say at first. Yea, he put me so to it, that my blood came up in may face; even this Shame fetched it up, and had almost beat me quite off. But at last I began to consider, That that which is highly esteemed among men, is had in abomination with God. And I thought again, this Shame tells me what men are; but it tells me nothing what God or the Word of God is. And I thought moreover, that at the day of doom, we shall not be doomed to death or life according to the hectoring spirits of the world, but according to the Wisdom and Law of the Highest. Therefore thought I, what God says is best, is best, though all the men in the world are against it. Seeing then that God prefers his Religion, seeing God prefers a tender conscience, seeing they that make themselves fools for the Kingdom of Heaven are wisest; and that the poor man that loveth Christ is richer than the greatest man in the world that hates him; Shame depart, thou art an enemy to my Salvation: shall I entertain thee against my Sovereign Lord? How then shall I look him in the face at his coming? Should I now be ashamed of his ways and servants, how can I expect the blessing? But indeed this Shame was a bold villain; I could scarce shake him out of my company; yea, he would be haunting of me, and continually whispering me in the ear, with some one or other of the infirmities that attend Religion; but at last I told him, 'Twas but in vain to attempt further in this business; for those things that he disdained, in those did I see most glory; and so at last I got past this importunate one. And when I had shaken him off, then I began to sing:
The trials that those men do meet withal,
That are obedient to the Heavenly call,
Are manifold, and suited to the flesh,
And come, and come, and come again afresh;
That now, or some time else, we by them may Be taken, overcome, and cast away.
Oh, let the Pilgrims, let the Pilgrims then,
Be vigilant, and quit themselves like men.
Christian: I am glad, my brother, that thou didst withstand this Villain so bravely; for of all, as thou sayest, I think he has the wrong name; for he is so bold as to follow us in the Streets, and to attempt to put us to shame before all men; that is, to make us ashamed of that which is good: but if he was not himself audacious, he would never attempt to do as he does; but let us still resist him; for notwithstanding all his bravadoes, he promoteth the fool and none else. The wise shall inherit glory, said Solomon, but shame shall be the promotion of fools.
Faithful: I think we must cry to Him for help against Shame, that would have us to be valiant for Truth upon the earth.
Christian: You say true; but did you meet nobody else in that Valley?
Faithful: No not I; for I had sun-shine all the rest of the way through that, and also through the Valley of the Shadow of Death.
Christian: 'Twas well for you; I am sure it fared for otherwise with me; I had for a long season, as soon almost as I entered into that Valley, a dreadful combat with that foul fiend Apollyon; yea, I thought verily he would have killed me, especially when he got me down and crushed me under him, as if he would have crushed me to pieces; for as he threw me, my sword flew out of my hand; nay, he told me, He was sure of me: But I cried to God, and he heard me, and delivered me out of all my troubles. Then I entered into the Valley of the Shadow of Death, and had no light for almost half the way through it. I thought I should have been killed there, over and over; but at last day brake, and the sun rose, and I went through that which was behind with far more ease and quiet.
Interpretation:
As the Faithful escaped the snare of the whore, Wanton, who entangles saints in the sexual sin so the pilgrims should flee from her snare like Joseph freed himself from the clutches of the wife of Potipar.
Let us not marry the daughters of Adam, The Lust of the Flesh, The Lust of the Eyes, and The Pride of Life.
Discontent, Pride, Arrogance, Self-conceit, Worldly - glory do not allow us to proceed further in our spiritual journey. These qualities in us do prevent us from proceeding to the Celestial City. Our companion during our spiritual journey should be people likened to the Faithful and not people likened to the Shame. This Shame of the Pilgrim's Progress tells us what men are; but it tells us nothing what God or the Word of God is.
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