There exist several ways of displaying the translated text to the actors, and each of them calls for specific preparations and workflow. The principal ones of these are the rythmo band and the text prompt / sync beep. The text will focus on the rythmo-band, as it offers a smoother work-flow and facilitates post-production work downstream. A comparison of display methods will be presented later on in this document.
The traditional rythmo-band2 dubbing process was developed in the 1950s in France, and is characterised by the use of a transparent 35mm film on which the translated text is calligraphed by hand, and which is projected together with the original picture. Thus actors can read the scrolling text in sync with the action on the screen. Today the rythmo is a computer-generated emulation of the traditional band.