The Renal Problem
Human Transplantation
Pretest
Questions 1-4
Match the descriptions and terms of the different kinds of transplantation.
A. Autotransplantation
B. Isotransplantation
C. Homeotransplantation
D. Heterotransplantation
1. Animal donor to human recipient
D
2. Unrelated human donor to human recipient
C
3. Donor and recipient are twins
B
4.Patient is donor and recipient himself
A
Questions 5-8
Match the descriptions and terms of the different kinds of organ and tissue transplantation.
A. Autograft
B. Isograft
C. Allograft
D. Xenograft
5. Transplantation between different species
D
6. Transplantation between genetically non-identical members of the same species
C
7. Transplantation between genetically identical members of the same species
B
8. Transplantation of tissues from one part of the body to another part of the same person
A
Questions 9-13
Match the descriptions and terms of the different kinds of tissue and organ transplantation.
A. Autograft
B. Isograft
C. Allograft
D. Xenograft
9. Baboon heart transplanted to a human being
D
10. Cadaver renal transplant
C
11. Recipient and donor are monozygotic identical twins
B
12. Skin grafting from the thigh to the chest wall of the same person
A
13. Hair transplant from the occiput to the frontal area of the same scalp
A
14. Which of the following statements on the basic principles in human transplantation is/are valid?
E
1. The human body regards transplanted tissues as foreign bodies and usually tries to
reject it soon after transplantation
2. The greater the genetic difference between donor and recipient, the more rapid and vigorous
the rejection reaction becomes
3. The probability of success in a transplantation depends largely on the type of tissue or
organ involved
4. The probability of success in a transplantation depends largely on the rapidity of removral after
cessation of circulation in the donor
Questions 15-22
Match the different tissues and organs and the required timing for successful transplantation.
A. May be transplanted even several hours after removal from the donor
B. Must be transplanted immediately
15. Cornea
A
16. Skin
A
17. Bone
A
18. Blood vessels
A
19. Kidney
B
20. Heart
B
21. Lung
B
22. Liver
B
Questions 23-28
Match the descriptions of human transplantation with the systems of organ availability form sources.
A. Altruistic system
B. Commercial market system
C. Both
D. Neither
23. Transplantation from living donor
C
24. Transplantation from cadaver donor
C
25. Without financial compensation
A
26. With financial compensation
B
27. Financially unable patients deprived of opportunities for transplantation
B
28. Financially unable patients given opportunities for transplantation
A
29. Which of the following statements on human transplantation is/are valid?
E
1. There are two sources of human to human transplantation: cadaveric and living donor
2. Autotransplantation has higher success rate compared to isotransplantation
3. With the researches on transplantation, there will come a time when only the brain and
spinal cord will NOT be transplantable
4. A problem in the harvesting of organs from cadaveric donor is the determination of
“moment of death”
30. The essential problems of human transplantation include the following:
E
1. Lack of facilities
2. Lack of trained personnel
3. Lack of donor
4. Financial problem on the part of the recipient to be
31. The essential problems of human transplantation may be reduced by
E
1. community participation
2. multisectoral involvement
3. government support
4. public education
32. The inadequacy of supply of materials for transplantation is due to refusal of potential donors on account of
E
1. customary beliefs that dead bodies must NOT be desecrated
2. religious beliefs that dead bodies must be interred in the same condition as when they die
3. fear of a painful procedure
4. fear of premature death
33. Which of the following statements on transplantation from a living donor is/are valid?
E
1. The donation must NOT impair the life and health of the donor
2. There must be informed consent
3. A minor cannot give consent even if he has the full capacity to discern
4. In case of uncertainties in the interpretation of the law on organ donation, the court has the final say
34. Which of the following statements on requirements for valid authorization to donate cadaveric organs is/are valid?
E
1. It must be made in writing
2. It must state the specific use or uses to which the organs or parts to be employed
3. It must be signed by the grantor and two disinterested witnesses
4. It must specify the person or institution granted the authorization
35. Which of the following statements on requirements for valid authorization to donate cadaveric organs is/are valid?
A
1. It must specify the organ or part to be detached from the cadaver
2. A copy of the authorization must be furnished the Secretary of Health
3. No organ or portion of the body of person dying of a dangerous communicable disease can
be donated
4. It may NOT be made in writing as long as there is a verbal informed consent
36. Which of the following statements on the status of human transplantation in the Philippines is/are valid?
E
1. The most common form of organ transplantation is kidney
2. The most common form of tissue homeotransplantation is blood
3. The most common form of tissue autotransplantation is skin
4. The Organ Donation Act of 1991 authorizes the legacy or donation of all or part of a human
body after death for specified purposes
37. Which of the following statements on the criteria on brain death submitted by the Philippine Neurological Association to the Department of Health to serve as guideline for the Organ Donation Act is/are valid?
E
1. The definition of death was adapted from the Uniform Death Act of the United States.
2. An individual who has sustained either irreversible cessation of circulatory and respiratory
function or cessation of all functions of the entire brain is dead.
3. The criteria of death include no respiration, no heartbeat and pulse, no blood pressure,
comatose, non-responsiveness to all stimuli, fixed dilated pupils, and no spontaneous
movement.
4. The declaration should be made by the attending physician and another physician, preferably
a neurologist, neurosurgeon or an internist
38. Which of the following statements on guidelines for cadaveric donor is/are valid?
E
1. To prevent conflict of interest, the dying patient’s physician should be distinct from the
transplant team.
2. No member of the transplant team should determine death.
3. The patient’s physician should determine that the patient is dead and this should be confirmed
by a neurologist, neurosurgeon, or an internist.
4. Throughout the process of deciding on cadaveric donor, the attending physician should work
in consent with the family, pastoral staff, and legal officer.
39. As organ transplantation has become more common, guidelines have been developed to govern organ donation. The Uniform Anatomical Gift Act in the United States does all the following EXCEPT
E
A. allow partial donation
B. free health care personnel from civil and criminal liability when acting in good faith
C. limit which physicians may certify time of death
D. provide for revocation of a donation
E. require express, documented consent by the donor
ROJ@17nov6