As the image below shows the proposed site for this development is situated in a medium risk flood zone. Kelham Island is notorious for flooding due to the River Don which runs right through the middle. From looking at a topographical map we can see that with surrounding higher areas Kelham Island falls with in a valley so when excess rain is pouring this then runs down into Kelham Island creating floods as seen in the images below of the 2007 Sheffield floods. In order to combat this this proposed development will have to be build with this risk in mind, the building should be lifted from the ground floor on flood resistant piled concrete beams which will lift the structure around 8ft in the air. If in the event of a flood the water should not be able to reach the height of the 1st floor thus preventing any water damage to the property.

As Kelham Island is a well build up area and there is becoming less and less space for environmental quality amongst urban the area. A rooftop garden is essentially an outdoor space that is located on the top of a flat roofed building which can be used for commercial or residential purposes. These can be extensive, semi-intensive or intensive. The main benefits of this are that it creates an improved drainage system as the plants and vegetation are able to absorb excess water. An increase in air quality can be found as the plants and shrubbery increase the likelihood of photosynthesis, this is particularly beneficial in built up areas where air quality is low due to excess pollution levels. And finally with a rooftop garden it helps with biodiversity encouraging wildlife to grow and prosper which are vital parts of our eco-system.

Windows and doors are extremely important when it comes to a buildings energy performance as it is usually stated that between 20 to 25% of heat is lost through them. With the ever increasing energy prices in the UK everything must be done to minimise the amount of heat lost in a building. uPVC windows are often used instead of timber and aluminium as PVC has a low rate of thermal conductivity. Additionally the window panes can be filled with insulation to decrease the possibility of thermal bridging which keeps in as much heat as possible. Triple glazing will also be beneficial for keeping heat in during the winter and also keeping heat out during the summer months.

Permeable gravel car parks provide a free-draining surface suitable for vehicles to park on whilst ensuring that can be no excess standing surface water that could potentially cause damage to vehicles. Gravel is often used as the permeable paving surface for car parks as concentre is not very porous and doesn't allow for water to flow through it easily which means that excess rain or flooding leads to the build up of surface water as shown below.

Basically concerned with the building's visual look as well as its thermal comfort. When the plant in the green wall absorbs 80 to 90% of solar radiation, heat gain through the wall and through the window is decreased by more than 70%. Furthermore, cool air enters the building's rooms, indicating that the ventilation system is completely established as a result of the air circulation caused by the green wall plants' transpiration.

Furthermore, the building's worth grew in terms of both environmental and economic factors. The inhabitants inside the building have a strong desire to live and are in good health.

Furthermore, fresh air is constantly available for inspiration. People are quite interested in this type of notion, especially in this location, because kelham island is a historical and biodiversity area which located in the south yorkshire. Basically, the building's heat insulation and thermal comfort. This strategy is also related with hotels, restaurants, and other community place development to boost the appeal of local and international tourists, which is one way to gain from this system. The importance of the building's orientation in establishing a green wall Some of the walls are immediately exposed to the sun and receive a large amount of thermal energy, while others do not receive nearly as much. This is determined based on the building's orientation. It is more effective to use the green wall technique on the wall when construct.

Rainwater harvesting is the collection of rainwater that falls freely from the sky and to be used for occupiers in the new constructed building. The water is frequently collected from the roofs of buildings and diverted from the roof drainage system to a storage tank where it is stored for later use. Rainwater can be used for a variety of applications in houses and larger structures where pure drinking water is not necessary. These include flushing toilets, washing laundry, and operating mechanical heating and cooling equipment that use water, in addition to landscape upkeep and other outdoor uses such as cleaning. In these circumstances, collecting and distributing rainwater will necessitate the use of a specialist plumbing system. The rainwater is normally collected in a tank in the basement (or underground) and then pumped to a higher level tank where it can be used by gravity. Fresh water can also be added to the high-level tank, but only if there has been no rain for a long time. It's also a long-term profitable approach that contributes to long-term sustainable development.

Grey water is defined as wastewater generated from wash hand basins, showers and baths, which, because it is nearly as clean as potable water, can be recycled onsite for uses such as toilet flushing. Grey water frequently contains wastewater from clothes washers, but it does not include discharge from dishwashers or kitchen sinks. It varies from the sewage or black water discharged by toilets, which is labelled as such because it includes human waste. The amount of human waste present in Grey water, on the other hand, is so little and degraded by the soap that its return to the environment does not necessitate any kind of wastewater treatment. Gray water is primarily made up of salts, which are added due to the high quantity of detergents, soaps, and dishwashers in the water. Also gray water contains artificial colours, chlorine-base compounds, acidic and alkali solvents, and other chemicals. The grey water has a high level of hardness and alkalinity. As a result, grey water cannot be used directly for any purpose. Before it can be used as drinking water, it must be treated. So our company suggest the grey water system for this two story building to minimize the wastage of water.

Insulation is the one of the primary concerns when consider while construction the buildings. Since early centuries, the people do not consider about the environment effects could be happen due to the dispose of insulation materials such plastic, polythene, and non renewable materials. So green insulation materials are one of the most sustainable materials which we can use for this project.

The use of biodegradable materials is mainly help to achieve the sustainable construction, some construction waste materials which currently use for construction activities are take hundreds of years to degrade. And even if they degrade, it contaminates and harms the environment. The biodegradable materials is law embodied Co² and it create negative impacts to the environment. The use of biodegradable materials for building foundation, walls and insulators are also part of sustainable construction technologies.