The Effects of Masks on Access to Communication

Image showing impact of mask on hearing

The Effects of Masks on Access to Communication



The COVID -19 pandemic has brought unique challenges to the Deaf and Hard of Hearing (DHH) community. The use of face masks has added barriers to accessing communication, language, and/or discourse. Masks can cause specific challenges to those that use a signed language system or for those that rely on visual cues for aiding in communication. Nonmanual markers such as facial expressions, mouth movement, eye gaze, and body movement play an important part when communicating with DHH individuals. The use of non-transparent or windowless masks may hinder communication, thus creating a barrier between the DHH individual and those with whom they are trying to communicate. For many hard of hearing individuals, masks create a different type of barrier in accessing communication. When a speaker is wearing a mask, not only is the speech sound level lowered, but the speaker’s voice may sound muffled or distorted. In addition, any visual support the hard of hearing individual may have gained by having access to the speaker’s mouth is now eliminated when using windowless or non-transparent masks. Masks are a hurdle which many in the Deaf and Hard of Hearing community are having to overcome. Feelings of frustration and isolation have been reported throughout the Deaf and Hard of Hearing community; the same can be expected from our students with hearing loss in the classroom.