TANGENT AND COTANGENT

The standard equation for the tangent function is y = atan(bx – c) + d, with the constants a, b, c, and d transforming the behavior the same way they do for sine/cosine. 

• The period is calculated using π/b. 

Khan Academy Practice:

• Graph of the Tangent Function

SECANT AND COSECANT

Vertical asymptotes for the reciprocal functions occur whenever the parent function (sine or cosine) has x-intercepts. Additionally, the cosecant and secant graphs are tangent to their parent curves at the points where the maximum and minimum values occur.