Math makes the Internet possible. Without math, the Internet would both be virtually impossible and very slow. Internet providers use several different mathematical equations in order to make the Internet available and speedy.
This list of equations includes, but is not limited to the Poisson Process and the Queuing Process. The Poisson Process is an equation to show how many events occur in a certain time from 0 to t, meaning time. It uses this equation:data = RandomFunction[PoissonProcess[1.3], {0, 15}]
The Queuing Process basically just describes how fast the service rate is with how many people are using the internet. The Queuing Process uses this equation: data=RandomFunction[QueueingProcess[3, 5], {0, 15}]
Computers, or clients when connected to the internet, are connected to servers, which send information to other servers or clients. The information is sent to servers or clients until it reaches its destination.
The internet uses IP addresses to allow computers to identify servers apart from another. IP addresses allow your computer to go to Google or whatever by following its IP address.
Your computer will send information in packets. This means that it sends it pieces, then rejoins once it reaches its destination, though it does not take long for it to do so. This is to prevent backups or bottlenecks in internet, which slow down processes.
This page by Seb F. ('19)