ELA 2nd Grade Foundational Skills

Recognize associated spelling patterns of final consonant blends (e.g., pick the letters that make the last sound in the word desk)

Use knowledge of multiple pronunciations of vowel team spelling patterns to decode associated words (e.g., read, bread; hear, learn; pie, piece)

Decode words with long vowel digraphs (e.g., pick the word need: nede, nead, need) and isolate the spelling pattern used (e.g., pick the vowel team that spells the long a sound in tail: ae, ai, au)

Distinguish short vowel sounds from long vowel sounds to read single-syllable words (e.g., reading the words egg, we, and key, students identify egg as having the short vowel sound)

Decode grade-appropriate words with diphthongs (e.g., read the words prize, poor, and point and recognize that point has the /oi/ sound)

Decode words with diphthongs and isolate the spelling patterns used (e.g., read the words brown, broun, and brawn, and understand that brown is the correct spelling)

Identify spelling patterns for variant vowel teams and decode words (e.g., pick the word with the /ü/ sound [as /oo/ in smooth] from choices luck, food, rope)

Decode, read, and spell words with inconsistent but common spelling patterns (e.g., ph, wr, kn, gh, igh, ight, eigh, ough, ought)

Recognize and automatically read grade- appropriate irregularly spelled words (e.g., answer, beautiful)

Use knowledge of regularly spelled syllable patterns to decode multisyllable grade- level words (e.g., read a word such as even by picking the correct syllable breaks)

Decode words with common affixes (e.g., un-, re-, over-, -er, -est) and familiar base words

Recognize and read words with the same sound but different spelling patterns (e.g., know/no, kite/light, sleigh/hay, phone/fork)

Identify purpose for reading (e.g., for enjoyment, to answer a question) and comprehend on-level texts demonstrated by rereading favorite parts to self or other audience or by answering pre-reading questions

Read on-level texts aloud at the estimated oral reading fluency (ORF) to meet second- grade benchmarks

Read on-level texts aloud with increasing smoothness and appropriate expression (e.g., using different voices for different characters)

Confirm or correct understanding of a word in context through the use of various text features (e.g., illustrations, bold print, glossaries), phonics (e.g., sounding out words, especially initial and final letters), and by applying repair strategies (e.g., slowing reading pace and/or rereading aloud)