环境伦理学: 自然界的价值和对自然界的义务 (Env Ethics: Values in and Duties to Natural Systems)
—Bormann,Kellert 1994

环境伦理学: 自然界的价值和对自然界的义务, in Qiu, Renzong, ed., 国外自然科学哲学问题 (International Philosophical Problems in Natural Science) 1994, pages 276-295. Beijing: Chinese Social Science Press, 1994. Online at: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/37696

Translated by Ye, Ping; from "Environmental Ethics: Values in and Duties to the Natural World" in Bormann and Kellert, The Broken Circle: Ecology, Economics, Ethics, pages 73-96.

Environmental ethics stands on a frontier, as radically theoretical as it is applied. Alone, it asks whether there can be nonhuman objects of duty. Animals, plants, endangered species, ecosystems, and even Earth are progressively unfamiliar as objects of duty, and puzzles arise both for theory and practice. Answers to such questions are as urgent as any humans face, and intimately related to the four principal issues on the world agenda: peace, population, development, and environment.