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3D printing.
3D printing.
3D printing uses computer-aided design (CAD) programs to create three-dimensional objects by adding layers of material. 3D printing involves the overlap of materials, such as plastics, compounds, or biomaterials, to create objects that vary in shape, size, stiffness, and color.
How 3D printers work.
How 3D printers work.
In short, 3D printers use computer-aided design (CAD) to create 3D objects from a variety of materials, such as plastic or metal, plastic, material powders. Printers, which act similarly to traditional 2D inkjet printers, use a layer method to create the desired object. They work by depositing layer after layer until the object is modeled exactly as imagined.
The advantages of these printers are the great flexibility in what you can print, the precision of 3D modeling programs and also and the variety of materials they use: plastics to print rigid materials, such as sunglasses. They can also create flexible objects, such as phone cases or bicycle handles, using a hybrid rubber/plastic powder. Some 3D printers even have the ability to print with carbon fiber and metal powders for extremely strong industrial products or even chocolate.
3D printing process.
3D printing process.
- Designing
The first step in any 3D printing process is 3D graphic design program or modelling software. To maximize accuracy, all objects have to be designed in 3D designing software. Modeling allows printers to customize their product down to the smallest detail. The file format of these programs is called STL.
The STL (Standard Triangualtion Language) file format is the industry’s data transmission format for rapid prototyping. Define 3D object geometry, excluding information such as color, textures, or physical properties. This format approximates the surface of a solid model with triangles. For a simple model, such as the square shown in figure 1, it is possible to approximate its surfaces with twelve triangles, as shown in figure 2. The more complex the surface, the more triangles are to be made, as shown in figure 3.
Almost all current CAD systems can generate an STL file. For the user, the process is often as simple as selecting File, Save As STL. Some 3D design programs Sketchup, Tinkercad, BlocksCAD, OpensCAD, FreeCAD, AutoCAD... We can also find repositories in their libraries in them.
Repositories are a very interesting alternative to design, you can make research or find inspiration. Users are free to download, retouch, customise in the repository to suit our needs.
2. Slicing
2. Slicing
Once a model is created, it’s time to "cut" it. Since 3D printers can not interpret or execute the three-dimensional concept, they need to cut the model into layers so that the printer can create the final product. The slicing software takes scans of each layer of a model and will tell the printer how to move to recreate that layer some of these programs are called Cura, repetier host and Slic3r.
Once the model is cut into numerous layers, the STL file is converted to GCODE format. A gcode file contains in its interior all the setings that our 3D printer needs to make the movements or positions that the head does, quantity of material, speed, temperature of the base, Extruder temperature etc. Finally it is sent to the 3D printer for the printing process rea via WIFI, Bluetooth or micro SD card.
3. Printing
3. Printing
When modeling and cutting a 3D object is complete, it’s time for the 3D printer to finally take over. The printer generally acts in the same way as a traditional inkjet printer in the 3D direct printing process, where the nozzle moves from side to side while dispensing plastic layer by layer, waiting for that layer to dry, to add the next level.
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