Chapter -14

The World from 1914-1945

Question 1: Which incident led to the first world war?

Answer: The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, the heir to the throne of Austria- Hungry, led to the First World war.

Question 2: List the terms of the Treaty of Versailles.

Answer: The main terms of the Treaty of Versailles were:

· Germany would have to pay a heavy fine.

· It could not increase its military forces.

· Some of its territories were to be occupied by the Allied Powers.

Question 3: Who was Hitler? How was he responsible for the second world war?

Answer: Adolf Hitler was a German dictator. He became the chancellor of Germany in 1933. The heavy fine that Germany had to pay as per the terms of the Treaty of Versailles ruined the Germans economy. Hitler promised to restore Germany’s former glory. He began to strengthen the military to expand the German empire. This alarmed the other European powers who decided to take a combined stand against Hitler. Thus began the second world war.

Question 4: How was Japan finally forced to surrender?

Answer: The USA dropped atom bombs on two Japanese cities, Hiroshima and Nagasaki, in 1945. This forced Japan to surrender and the second world war came to an end.

Think and Answer.

Question: Why did India fight on the side of Britain during the two World wars?

Answer: India was Britain’s colony during the two World wars. Since India was ruled by Britain, she had to fight on the side of Britain.