Chapter -9

Our Industries

Back exercise question

Question 1: What is an industry? What things do you need to set up an industry?

Answer 1: The process of making a particular product using machines in a factory is called an industry.

To set up an industry, raw materials, machines, power supply, human labour, money and transport are needed.

Question 2: What are cottage industries? Give two examples.

Answer 2: Industries set up by people in their own homes with simple tools and locally available raw materials are called cottage industries. A few people work in such industries.

Weaving cloth, extracting oil, grinding flour, making toys, baskets and leather goods (Accept any two of these).

Question 3: What are small- scale industries? What goods are generally made in such industries?

Answer 3: Industries that employ a few workers who work in a small factory and use small machines are called small- scale industries.

Utensils, garments, hosiery items, and electric and plastic goods are made in such industries.

Question 4: What are large- scale industries?

Answer 4: Industries that employ thousands of highly trained workers and produce a large number of goods with big machines are called large- scale industries.

Think and answer

Question: There are big iron and steel plants in Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh and Odisha. Why do you think this is so?

Answer: Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh and Odisha lie in the southern plateaus. The southern plateaus are rich in minerals. Hence raw materials needed for iron and steel plants are easily available in these states.