Internal links:             Angiosperms > Eudicots > Superastrids > Lamids > Lamiales > Scrophulariaceae

External links:     Angiosperms > Eudicots > Superastrids > Lamids > Lamiales > Scrophulariaceae

Wikipedia links:       Angiosperms  > Eudicots > Asterids > Lamiales > Scrophulariaceae 

Other links:     

Common name:                 Figwort                        

Etymology:   Comes from Latin, scrofula, a form of tuberculosis, because several species have been used in herbal medicine for this disease                                                  

• x

Fruit:                         

• x

Leaves:         

•     x   

Habit:        

•     The Scrophulariaceae are a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the figwort family. The plants are annual and perennial herbs, as well as shrubs. Flowers have bilateral (zygomorphic) or rarely radial (actinomorphic) symmetry. The Scrophulariaceae have a cosmopolitan distribution, with the majority found in temperate areas, including tropical mountains. The family name is based on the name of the included genus Scrophularia L.    

Habitat:                     

•    x

Species:                     

• World:            5000 S,    275 G

• Australia:      S,    G

Additional notes:                 

• In the past, it was treated as including about 275 genera and over 5,000 species, but its circumscription has been radically altered since numerous molecular phylogenies have shown the traditional broad circumscription to be grossly polyphyletic.[2] Many genera have recently been transferred to other families within the Lamiales, notably Plantaginaceae and Orobanchaceae, but also several new families.[3][4] Several families of the Lamiales have had their circumscriptions enlarged to accommodate genera transferred from the Scrophulariacae sensu lato.

• 
  

• Fischer (2004) considered the family to consist of three subfamilies – Antirrhinoideae, Gratioloideae, and Digitalidoideae. He further divided the Gratioloideae into five tribes – Gratioleae, Angeloniaeae, Stemodieae, Limoselleae, and Lindernieae. He then divided the Gratioleae, with its 16 genera (and about 182 species) into three subtribes – Caprarinae, Dopatrinae, and Gratiolinae. The Gratiolinae had 10 genera (about 121 species) distributed through temperate and tropical America – Bacopa and Mecardonia (formerly Herpestis), Amphianthus, Gratiola, Sophronanthe, Benjaminia, Scoparia, Boelkea, Maeviella, and Braunblequetia. Many of these were transferred to the family Plantaginaceae, in the tribe Gratioleae.

• Uses

• The family includes some medicinal plants, among them:

• 
  

• Scrophularia, figworts

• Verbascum, mulleins

• Genera

• The family Scrophulariaceae in its APG IV (2016)[5] circumscription includes 62 genera and about 1830 known species.[6]

• 
  

• This list is incomplete; you can help by adding missing items. (August 2008)

• 
  

• Texas Sage -- Leucophyllum frutescens

• 
  

• Leucophyllum frutescens

• Tribe Aptosimeae[7]

• Anticharis Endl.

• Aptosimum Burch. ex Benth.

• Peliostomum E.Mey. ex Benth.

• Tribe Buddlejeae[8]

• Buddleja L. – Butterfly-bush

• Emorya Torr.

• Gomphostigma Turcz.

• Tribe Hemimerideae[9]

• Alonsoa Ruiz & Pav.

• Colpias E.Mey. ex Benth.

• Diascia Link & Otto

• Diclis Benth.

• Hemimeris L.f.

• Nemesia Vent.

• Tribe Leucophylleae[10]

• Capraria L.[11]

• Eremogeton Standl. & L.O.Williams

• Leucophyllum Humb. & Bonpl.

• Tribe Limoselleae[12]

• Barthlottia Eb.Fisch.

• Camptoloma Benth.

• Chaenostoma Benth. (sometimes included in Sutera but separated by Kornhall and Bremer[13])

• Chenopodiopsis Hilliard

• Cromidon Compton

• Dischisma Choisy

• Glekia Hilliard

• Globulariopsis Compton

• Glumicalyx Hiern

• Gosela Choisy

• Hebenstretia L

• Jamesbrittenia Kuntze[13]

• Limosella L.[14]

• Lyperia Benth.

• Manuleopsis Thell. ex Schinz

• Melanospermum Hilliard

• Microdon Choisy

• Phyllopodium Benth.

• Polycarena Benth.

• Reyemia Hilliard

• Selago L.

• Strobilopsis Hilliard & B.L.Burtt

• Sutera Roth syn. Manulea Thun. – Dwarf snapdragon, "bacopa"

• Tetraselago Junell

• Trieenea Hilliard

• Zaluzianskya F.W.Schmidt

• Tribe Myoporeae[15]

• Bontia L.

• Calamphoreus Chinnock

• Diocirea Chinnock

• Eremophila R.Br.

• Glycocystis Chinnock

• Myoporum Sol. ex G.Forst.

• Pentacoelium Siebold & Zucc.

• Tribe Scrophularieae[16]

• Antherothamnus N.E.Br.

• Nathaliella B.Fedtsch.

• Oreosolen Hook.f.

• Rhabdotosperma Hartl

• Scrophularia L. – Figwort

• Verbascum L. – Mullein

• Tribe Teedieae[17]

• Dermatobotrys Bolus

• Freylinia Colla

• Oftia Adans.

• Ranopisoa J.F.Leroy

• Teedia Rudolphi

• Not placed in a tribe or unknown tribe

• Ameroglossum Eb.Fisch., S.Vogel & A.V.Lopes

• Dasistoma Raf.

• Hemianthus Nutt.

• Leucosalpa Scott-Elliot

• Ohlendorffia Lehm.

• Phygelius E.Mey. ex Benth. – Cape fuchsia[1                            

EXAMPLES: