Lamiids

 1. Icacinales

Tropical trees; leaves exstipulate/entire; nodes often unilacunar pedicels articulated; style short; embryo long endosperm copious indole and quinoline alkaloids (camptothecin) 

 2. Meteniusales

Tropical trees; few shared features; nodes usually trilacunar alkaloids, iridoids Metteniusa: leaves alternate; flower bisexual, fragrant; anthers sagittate; pollen sacs moniliform, dehisce longitudinally inflorescence axillary cyme; G(5) unilocular; NE Andes, cloud montane forest

 3. Garryales

Woody; dioecious flower small, C valvate, G unilocular fruit indehiscent iridoids (aucubin), gutta

 4.  Lamiales

Leaves opposite; nodes 1:1 flowere mostly monosymmetric A often 2(+2); gland-headed hairs with radially arranged cells 6-oxygenated flavones, oligosaccharides cornoside, verbascoside (acetoside)

 5. Vahliales 

Herbaceous; leaves opposite, glandular-pubescent flower < 5 mm across, K valvate, G(3) inferior, nectary fruit septicidal capsule, K/C/A persistent; seeds minute Africa to India; iridoids

 6. Solanales

Leaves spiral, simple; nodes unilacunar flower petals plicate K persistent in fruit alkaloids diverse, no iridoids

 7. Gentaniales

Leaves opposite interpetiolar stipules or nodal line/ridge, colleters flower corolla convolute in bud indole alkaloids, iridoids

 8. Boraginales

Leaves roughly hairy; nodes unilacunar infl scorpioid mostly 4 ovules isokestose, higher inulins, pyrrolizidine alkaloids

 9. Aquifoliales

Woody; leaves serrate flower 1-2 ovules/carpel, C ± free, K slightly connate fruit usually drupe with broad stigma

10. Asterales

Herbs or shrubs; nodes trilacunar flower often monosymmetric plunger sec. pollination device (long style) inulin, sesquiterpenes, secoiridoids

11. Escalloniales

Mostly woody inflorescence racemose, C free anthers basifixed, nectary disk

12. Bruniales

 Woody; evergreen nodes 1:1 flower polysymmetric, anthers basifixed

13. Apiales 

Woody (except Apiaceae) leaves often divided; nodes usually multilacunar inflorescence mostly umbel; fruit drupe or schizocarp (Apiaceae: mericarp/carpophore)

14. Paracryphiales

Woody inflorescence racemose, flower 4-merous, filaments stout capsule septicidal

15. Dipsacales

Leaves opposite, often basally connate buds with scales; flower often monosymmetric K persistent in fruit secoiridoids