Introduction：

This academic paper explores the effectiveness of a hybrid virtual reality (VR) and board game approach using multi-dimensional scaffolding for training hospitality service skills in university students. The study compared this hybrid method to learning solely with a board game or solely with VR, finding that the hybrid approach was most effective for overall learning, especially for procedural knowledge. It also indicated that all game-based learning methods resulted in low extrinsic cognitive load and high germane cognitive load. Furthermore, the hybrid learning group experienced a significant increase in enjoyment and decrease in boredom during and after the learning activity compared to their initial state.

Article：

Lin, YC., Chien, SY. & Hou, HT.(2024) A multi-dimensional scaffolding-based virtual reality educational board game design framework for service skills training. Educ Inf Technol.